Glucagon/gastric inhibitory polypeptide/secretin/vasoactive intestinal peptide hormones are a
family of evolutionarily related peptide hormone
Peptide hormones are hormones composed of peptide molecules. These hormones influence the endocrine system of animals, including humans. Most hormones are classified as either amino-acid-based hormones (amines, peptides, or proteins) or steroid h ...
s that regulate activity of
G-protein-coupled receptors from the
secretin receptor family. A number of polypeptidic hormones, mainly expressed in the
intestine
The gastrointestinal tract (GI tract, digestive tract, alimentary canal) is the tract or passageway of the digestive system that leads from the mouth to the anus. The tract is the largest of the body's systems, after the cardiovascular system. T ...
or the
pancreas
The pancreas (plural pancreases, or pancreata) is an Organ (anatomy), organ of the Digestion, digestive system and endocrine system of vertebrates. In humans, it is located in the abdominal cavity, abdomen behind the stomach and functions as a ...
, belong to a group of these structurally related peptides.
This family of hormones are produced from (
preproglucagon), which is cleaved to produce
glucagon
Glucagon is a peptide hormone, produced by alpha cells of the pancreas. It raises the concentration of glucose and fatty acids in the bloodstream and is considered to be the main catabolic hormone of the body. It is also used as a Glucagon (medic ...
,
glucagon-like protein I,
glucagon-like protein II, and
glicentin.
Other members of the structurally similar group include
secretin Secretin is a hormone that regulates water homeostasis throughout the body and influences the environment of the duodenum by regulating secretions in the stomach, pancreas, and liver. It is a peptide hormone produced in the S cells of the duodenum ...
,
gastric inhibitory peptide,
vasoactive intestinal peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide, also known as vasoactive intestinal polypeptide or VIP, is a peptide hormone that is vasoactive in the intestine. VIP is a peptide of 28 amino acid residue (chemistry), residues that belongs to a Secretin family, glu ...
,
prealbumin, peptide HI-27, and
growth hormone releasing factor.
One hormone, glucagon, is fully conserved in all mammalian species in which it has been studied.
Human hormones from this family
ADCYAP1;
GCG;
GHRH;
GIP;
SCT;
VIP;
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Secretin Family
Protein domains
Peripheral membrane proteins
Peptide hormones
Hormones of the digestive system
Hormones of glucose metabolism