The Global Retirement Index (GRI) is an attempt to examine the factors that drive retirement security and to provide a comparison tool for

best practice A best practice is a method or technique that has been generally accepted as superior to other known alternatives because it often produces results that are superior to those achieved by other means or because it has become a standard way of doing ...

in retirement policy. It has been published since 2012 by the French company

Natixis Natixis is a French corporate and investment bank created in November 2006 from the merger of the asset management and investment banking operations of '' Natexis Banques Populaires'' ( Banque Populaire group) and ''IXIS'' (Groupe Caisse d'Eparg ...

, which specialises in

asset management Asset management is a systematic approach to the governance and realization of value from the things that a group or entity is responsible for, over their whole life cycles. It may apply both to tangible assets (physical objects such as buildings ...

. Norway, Switzerland and Iceland are respectively the first, second and third placed countries. India ranks 43rd, which is the bottom rank; it is preceded by Greece and ranks also last among the BRIC economies.

Qualifying countries

The countries on the list are from the following organisations: * Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) *

International Monetary Fund The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is a major financial agency of the United Nations, and an international financial institution, headquartered in Washington, D.C., consisting of 190 countries. Its stated mission is "working to foster gl ...

(IMF) advanced economies *

BRICS BRICS is an acronym for five leading emerging economies: Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa. The first four were initially grouped as " BRIC" (or "the BRICs") in 2001 by Goldman Sachs economist Jim O'Neill, who coined the t ...

countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa)

Metrics

The Global Retirement Index is a composite welfare index which combines at total of 18 target-oriented indicators which are grouped into four thematic categories to calculate the position on the index. The indicators are then used to create a percentage score; countries are ranked by the score. The four categories cover four relevant considerations for welfare in old age are listed below, along with the indicators that fall under them:

Health

Life expectancy Life expectancy is a statistical measure of the average time an organism is expected to live, based on the year of its birth, current age, and other demographic factors like sex. The most commonly used measure is life expectancy at birth ...

Health expenditure Health economics is a branch of economics concerned with issues related to efficiency, effectiveness, value and behavior in the production and consumption of health and healthcare. Health economics is important in determining how to impr ...

per capita * Insured health expenditure

Material wellbeing

* Income equality *

Income per capita The median income is the income amount that divides a population into two equal groups, half having an income above that amount, and half having an income below that amount. It may differ from the mean (or average) income. Both of these are ways ...

Unemployment Unemployment, according to the OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development), is people above a specified age (usually 15) not being in paid employment or self-employment but currently available for work during the refer ...

Quality of life/environment

* Happiness *

Air quality Air pollution is the contamination of air due to the presence of substances in the atmosphere that are harmful to the health of humans and other living beings, or cause damage to the climate or to materials. There are many different types ...

* Water and sanitation * Biodiversity and habitat * Environmental factors

Finances in retirement

* Old-age dependency * Bank nonperforming loans *

Inflation In economics, inflation is an increase in the general price level of goods and services in an economy. When the general price level rises, each unit of currency buys fewer goods and services; consequently, inflation corresponds to a reductio ...

* Interest rates * Tax pressure * Governance * Government indebtedness

References

International rankings Retirement Top lists Economic indicators Demographic economics 2012 establishments in France {{econ-stub