Giuseppe Diotti

Francesco Giuseppe Antonio Diotti (1 March 177930 January 1846) was an Italian painter of the Neoclassic style. He was strongly influenced by the academic styles of both Gaspare Landi and Vincenzo Camuccini. He painted in fresco as well as in oil, distinguishing himself as a painter of historical subjects.

Biography

Early life and education

Francesco Giuseppe Antonio Diotti was born in Casalmaggiore on 1 March 1779. He initially was apprenticed in his hometown to Paolo Araldi. As a teenager, until 1796, he studied at the Academy of Fine Arts of Parma under the history painter Gaetano Callani. Despite initial support from the financier Gian Vincenzo Ponzoni, by the late 1790s he was having to earn money through small decorating jobs and sign-painting. However, Diotti had learnt from the luminosity and sense of colour of Emilian fresco painting as practised by Andrea Appiani, who became his friend and supporter after 1800 when Diotti arrived in Milan. In 1804 he won a four-year scholarship to Rome with ''Hercules Stabbing Nessus''. Here he studied under Vincenzo Camuccini, who had recently completed his Poussinesque frescoes at the Villa Borghese.

Diotti continued to send works back to Milan for exhibition, achieving enough success to ensure a steady flow of minor ecclesiastical and secular commissions after his return to Lombardy in 1810. The most representative of his religious paintings are the four frescoes in Cremona Cathedral, the ''Ascension'', ''Incredulity of Thomas'', ''Christ Blessing the Little Children'' and ''Christ Giving the Keys to St. Peter'' ( 1830–34). The stilted compositions are enlivened by a cheerful use of colour, characteristic of his oil paintings.

Career

In 1811, probably due to Appiani’s advocacy, Diotti was appointed director of the Accademia Carrara at Bergamo. He received many subsequent honors including membership in the Academies of Milan (Brera) in 1815, the Atheneum at Bergamo in 1819, the Atheneum at Brescia in 1829, the Accademia of Bologna in 1837, and the Roman Accademia di San Luca in 1844.

Diotti's teaching commitments, which continued until 1844, did not impede the prolific production of religious, mythological and history paintings and also portraits. ''Count Ugolino'' (1832; Brescia, Pinacoteca Tosio Martinengo) was considered by contemporaries to be his masterpiece. The betrayed Count is shown in prison surrounded by his grandsons; the models were all Diotti’s pupils. While the composition is strictly academic, with the figures grouped in a neat pyramid, the painting’s exaggerated pathos is entirely Romantic.

''Pontida’s Conspiracy'' (1837; Milan, Galleria d'Arte Moderna), commissioned by Luigi Chiozzi, an admirer of patriotic and historical subjects, was equally well received. The figures to the right of the picture recall, in a simplistic fashion, David’s ''Oath of the Horatii'' (1784; Paris, Louvre).

Diotti helped decorate, alongside Luigi Sabatelli, the frescoes (1818) at Palazzo Bolzesi in Cremona; the ''Bath of Venus'' at Palazzo Locatelli in Bergamo; and four frescoes in the Colleoni chapel in the Cathedral of Cremona. He died in 1846 in Casalmaggiore, aged 66. His former palace and studio is now the Museo Diotti. Among his pupils were Giovanni Carnovali and Enrico Scuri. He was a mentor and collaborator with Pietro Ronzoni.

Legacy

Although Diotti was an adherent of the Neoclassical theories of Johann Joachim Winckelmann and Anton Raphael Mengs, his paintings have a strong Romantic streak that stretches conventional Lombard Neoclassical painting to its limits.

Selected paintings

Giuseppe Diotti - Der Judaskuss - 2844 - Österreichische Galerie Belvedere.jpg, ''Kiss of Judas'', oil on canvas (1840), Österreichische Galerie Belvedere, Vienna
Giuseppe Diotti - Antigone condannata a morte da Creonte (dopo il restauro, dettaglio).webp, ''Antigone Condemned to Death by Creon'' (Detail), oil on canvas (1845)
Giuseppe Diotti - Rebecca.jpg, ''Rebecca'', oil on canvas (1823)
Incoronata-interior-dome.jpg, Dome frescoes at the Tempio Civico della Beata Vergine Incoronata
Giuseppe Diotti - Ugolino con i figli in carcere.jpg, ''Ugolino with his sons in prison'', oil on canvas (c. 1836)
Ritratto di Antonio Tadini.jpg, Portrait of Antonio Tadini, oil on canvas

Notes

References

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Attribution
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Diotti, Giuseppe
18th-century Italian painters
Italian male painters
19th-century Italian painters
People from Casalmaggiore
Painters from Bergamo
Painters from Parma
1779 births
1846 deaths
19th-century Italian male artists
18th-century Italian male artists