Giulio Gabrielli (1601 – 13 August 1677) was an Italian

Catholic The Catholic Church (), also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the List of Christian denominations by number of members, largest Christian church, with 1.27 to 1.41 billion baptized Catholics Catholic Church by country, worldwid ...

cardinal Cardinal or The Cardinal most commonly refers to * Cardinalidae, a family of North and South American birds **''Cardinalis'', genus of three species in the family Cardinalidae ***Northern cardinal, ''Cardinalis cardinalis'', the common cardinal of ...

. He is sometimes referred to as Giulio Gabrielli the Elder to distinguish him from Giulio Gabrielli the Younger.

Early life

Gabrielli was born 1601 in

Rome Rome (Italian language, Italian and , ) is the capital city and most populated (municipality) of Italy. It is also the administrative centre of the Lazio Regions of Italy, region and of the Metropolitan City of Rome. A special named with 2, ...

, the son of Antonio Gabrielli and Prudenzia Lancellotta, of the noble Gabrielli family and relatives of Pope Clement X. He went into the service of the Church as a

Referendary Referendary is the English form of a number of administrative positions, of various rank, in chanceries and other official organizations in Europe. Pre-modern history The office of ' (plural: ', from the Latin ', "I inform") existed at the Byza ...

of the ''Tribunals of the Apostolic Signatura of Justice and of Grace''. He was a cleric (and later dean) of the

Apostolic Chamber The Apostolic Camera (), formerly known as the was an office in the Roman Curia. It was the central board of finance in the papal administrative system and at one time was of great importance in the government of the States of the Church and in ...

. On 27 Apr 1642, he was

consecrated Sacred describes something that is dedicated or set apart for the service or worship of a deity; is considered worthy of spiritual respect or devotion; or inspires awe or reverence among believers. The property is often ascribed to objects (a ...

bishop by Antonio Marcello Barberini (seniore),

Cardinal-Priest A cardinal is a senior member of the clergy of the Catholic Church. As titular members of the clergy of the Diocese of Rome, they serve as advisors to the pope, who is the bishop of Rome and the visible head of the worldwide Catholic Church. ...

of San Pietro in Vincoli, with Faustus Poli,

Titular Archbishop A titular bishop in various churches is a bishop who is not in charge of a diocese. By definition, a bishop is an "overseer" of a community of the faithful, so when a priest is ordained a bishop, the tradition of the Catholic, Eastern Orthodox an ...

of ''Amasea'', and Celso Zani. Bishop Emeritus of Città della Pieve, serving as

co-consecrators A consecrator is a bishop who ordains someone to the episcopacy. A co-consecrator is someone who assists the consecrator bishop in the act of ordaining a new bishop. The terms are used in the canon law of the Catholic Church, Lutheran Churche ...

Cardinalate

Gabrielli was elevated to Cardinal by

Pope Urban VIII Pope Urban VIII (; ; baptised 5 April 1568 – 29 July 1644), born Maffeo Vincenzo Barberini, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 6 August 1623 to his death, in July 1644. As pope, he expanded the papal terri ...

in December 1641 and in February 1642 was made Cardinal-Priest of Santa Maria Nova and was elected Bishop of Ascoli Piceno. He was

by Cardinal Antonio Marcello Barberini. Later that year, he opted for the

deacon A deacon is a member of the diaconate, an office in Christian churches that is generally associated with service of some kind, but which varies among theological and denominational traditions. Major Christian denominations, such as the Cathol ...

ry of Sant'Agata dei Goti. His contemporary,

John Bargrave John Bargrave (1610 – 11 May 1680), was an English people, English author and collector and a canon (priest), canon of Canterbury Cathedral.''Under the Sign: John Bargrave as Collector, Traveler, and Witness'' by Stephen Bann, Michigan, 1995 E ...

, suggested his promotions within the Church were more related to Pope Urban's wish to sell his position to a higher bidder, rather than on merit or service''Pope Alexander the Seventh and the College of Cardinals'' by

, edited by James Craigie Robertson (London: Camden Society 1867; reprint; 2009) (Bargrave died in 1680) and that as a result, Gabrielli lived a respected but fairly meagre life. What wealth he did amass, Bargrave ascribed to his frugality. In 1643, Gabrielli was appointed co- legate in

Urbino Urbino ( , ; Romagnol: ''Urbìn'') is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Italy, Italian region of Marche, southwest of Pesaro, a World Heritage Site notable for a remarkable historical legacy of independent Renaissance culture, especially und ...

(together with Cardinal Francesco Barberini), a position he held until 1646. He participated in the Papal conclave of 1644 but left early due to illness. The conclave elected

Pope Innocent X Pope Innocent X (6 May 1574 – 7 January 1655), born Giovanni Battista Pamphilj (or Pamphili), was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 15 September 1644 to his death, in January 1655. Born in Rome of a family fro ...

. He participated in the conclave of 1655 that elected

Pope Alexander VII Pope Alexander VII (; 13 February 159922 May 1667), born Fabio Chigi, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 7 April 1655 to his death, in May 1667. He began his career as a vice- papal legate, and he held various d ...

and opted for the deaconry of Santa Maria in Via Lata later that year. In March of the following year, he became Cardinal-Priest of Santa Prisca. In 1667, he participated in the

conclave A conclave is a gathering of the College of Cardinals convened to appoint the pope of the Catholic Church. Catholics consider the pope to be the apostolic successor of Saint Peter and the earthly head of the Catholic Church. Concerns around ...

which elected

Pope Clement IX Pope Clement IX (; ; 28 January 1600 – 9 December 1669), born Giulio Rospigliosi, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 20 June 1667 to his death in December 1669. Giulio Rospigliosi was born into the noble Ro ...

and was appointed Cardinal-Priest of

Santa Prassede The Basilica of Saint Praxedes (, ), commonly known in Italian as Santa Prassede, is an early medieval titulus (Roman Catholic), titular church and minor basilica located near the papal basilica of Saint Mary Major, on Via di Santa Prassede, Mont ...

. Less than six months later, he was made Cardinal-Priest of San Lorenzo in Lucina. In 1668, he was appointed Cardinal- Bishop of Sabina but, retained the administration of Ascoli Piceno until later that year.

Later life

Gabrielli served in a number of Church administrative roles during the period best described as his semi-

retirement Retirement is the withdrawal from one's position or occupation or from one's active working life. A person may also semi-retire by reducing work hours or workload. Many people choose to retire when they are elderly or incapable of doing their j ...

, including administrator of the Diocese of Rieti and Governor General of Fermo. He also participated in the conclaves of 1669-1670, which elected Pope Clement X, and

1676 Events January–March * January 29 – Feodor III of Russia, Feodor III becomes Tsar of Russia. * January 31 – Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, the oldest institution of higher education in Central America, is f ...

, which elected

Pope Innocent XI Pope Innocent XI (; ; 16 May 1611 – 12 August 1689), born Benedetto Odescalchi, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 21 September 1676 until his death on 12 August 1689. Political and religious tensions with ...

. He died on 31 August 1677 from malaria; he was buried in the Gabrielli chapel of

Santa Maria sopra Minerva Santa Maria sopra Minerva is one of the major Church (building), churches of the Order of Preachers (also known as the Dominicans) in Rome, Italy. The church's name derives from the fact that the first Christian church structure on the site was b ...

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Gabrielli, Giulio 1604 births 1677 deaths 17th-century Italian cardinals Cardinals created by Pope Urban VIII Clergy from Rome

Early life

Cardinalate

Later life

See also

References