Giuseppe "Gipo" Viani (13 September 1909 – 6 January 1969) was an Italian
football
Football is a family of team sports that involve, to varying degrees, kick (football), kicking a football (ball), ball to score a goal (sports), goal. Unqualified, football (word), the word ''football'' generally means the form of football t ...
player and manager from the
Province of Treviso
The province of Treviso () is a Provinces of Italy, province in the Veneto region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Treviso. The province is surrounded by Province of Belluno, Belluno in the north, Province of Vicenza, Vicenza in the west, Pro ...
who played as a
midfielder
In the sport of association football, a midfielder takes an Glossary of association football terms#O, outfield position primarily in the middle of the pitch. Midfielders may play an exclusively defensive role, breaking up attacks, and are in t ...
.
Playing career
Viani was born
Treviso
Treviso ( ; ; ) is a city and (municipality) in the Veneto region of northern Italy. It is the capital of the province of Treviso and the municipality has 87.322 inhabitants (as of December 2024). Some 3,000 live within the Venetian wall ...
. He played his entire career in the
Italian football system; he is best known for his time with
Ambrosiana and
Lazio
Lazio ( , ; ) or Latium ( , ; from Latium, the original Latin name, ) is one of the 20 Regions of Italy, administrative regions of Italy. Situated in the Central Italy, central peninsular section of the country, it has 5,714,882 inhabitants an ...
.
Managerial career
After retiring from playing, Viani went on to manage many Italian football clubs, including
A.C. Milan
(), commonly referred to as Milan or AC Milan () mainly outside of Italy, is an Italian professional Football club (association football), football club based in Milan, Lombardy. Founded in 1899, the club competes in the Serie A, the top tie ...
,
Roma and the
Italy national team amongst others; he coached Italy at the
1960 Summer Olympics
The 1960 Summer Olympics (), officially known as the Games of the XVII Olympiad () and commonly known as Rome 1960 (), were an international multi-sport event held from 25 August to 11 September 1960 in Rome, Italy. Rome had previously been awar ...
in Rome, alongside
Nereo Rocco
Nereo Rocco (; 20 May 1912 – 20 February 1979) was an Italian association football, football player and manager. Regarded as one of the greatest managers of all time, he is famous for having been one of the most successful head coaches in Italy ...
, helping the team to a fourth-place finish in the tournament.
Style of management
During his time with Salernitana in the 1940s, Viani devised a tactical system which came to be known in the Italian media as 'vianema', which was influenced by
Karl Rappan's ''verrou'', and which in turn also inspired the Italian ''
catenaccio
''Catenaccio'' () or The Chain is a tactical system in football with a strong emphasis on defence. In Italian, ''catenaccio'' means "door-bolt", which implies a highly organised and effective backline defence focused on nullifying opponents ...
'' defensive strategy later popularised by Rocco and
Helenio Herrera
Helenio Herrera Gavilán (; 10 April 1910 – 9 November 1997) was an Argentina, Argentine and naturalised France, French association football, football player and Manager (association football), manager. He is best remembered for his success ...
. The system originated from an idea that one of the club's players – Antonio Valese – posed to the manager. Viani altered the English
WM system – known as the ''sistema'' in Italy – by having his
centre-half-back – known as the ''centromediano metodista'' or "
metodista," in Italy – retreat into the defensive line to act as an additional defender and mark an opposing
centre-forward, instead leaving his
full-back (which, at the time, was similar to the modern
centre-back
In the sport of association football, a defender is an outfield player whose primary role is to stop attacks during the game and prevent the opposition from scoring.
Defenders fall into four main categories: centre-backs, full-backs, sweepers ...
role) free to function as what was essentially a precursor to the
sweeper role, creating a 1–3–3–3 formation; he occasionally also used a defender in the centre-forward role, and wearing the
number nine shirt, to track back and mark the opposing forwards, thus freeing up the full-backs form their marking duties. His team would defend behind the ball and subsequently look to score from counter–attacks. Although this ultra-defensive strategy was initially criticised by members of the Italian press, including journalist
Gianni Brera, Andrea Schianchi of ''La Gazzetta dello Sport'' notes that this modification was designed to help smaller teams in Italy, as the man–to–man system often put players directly against one another, favouring the larger and wealthier teams with stronger individual players.
Honours
As a Player
Inter Milan
*Serie A
The Serie A (), officially known as Serie A Enilive in Italy and Serie A Made in Italy abroad for sponsorship reasons, is a professional association football league in Italy and the highest tier of the Italian football league system. Establish ...
: 1929–30
As a Manager
Salernitana
*Serie B
The Serie B (), officially known as Serie BKT for sponsorship reasons, is the second-highest division in the Italian football league system after the Serie A. It has been operating for over ninety years since the 1929–30 season. It had b ...
: 1947–48
Roma
*Serie B
The Serie B (), officially known as Serie BKT for sponsorship reasons, is the second-highest division in the Italian football league system after the Serie A. It has been operating for over ninety years since the 1929–30 season. It had b ...
: 1951–52
Milan
*Serie A
The Serie A (), officially known as Serie A Enilive in Italy and Serie A Made in Italy abroad for sponsorship reasons, is a professional association football league in Italy and the highest tier of the Italian football league system. Establish ...
: 1956–57, 1958–59
*European Cup
The UEFA Champions League (UCL) is an annual club association football competition organised by the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) that is contested by top-division European clubs. The competition begins with a round robi ...
runner-up: 1957–58
Individual
*Italian Football Hall of Fame
The Italian Football Hall of Fame () is the hall of fame for association football players that have had a significant impact on Italian football.
It is housed at the '' Museo del Calcio'' in Coverciano, Italy.
History and regulations
The Hall o ...
: 2018
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Viani, Giuseppe
1909 births
1969 deaths
Footballers from Treviso
Italian men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
Serie A players
Treviso FBC 1993 players
Inter Milan players
SS Lazio players
US Livorno 1915 players
Juventus FC players
AS Siracusa players
US Salernitana 1919 players
Italian football managers
Benevento Calcio managers
US Salernitana 1919 managers
Lucchese 1905 managers
Palermo FC managers
AS Roma managers
Bologna FC 1909 managers
AC Milan managers
Hellas Verona FC managers
Italy national football team managers
20th-century Italian sportsmen