Ginkgo Bioworks is an American
biotech company founded in 2008 by five scientists from
MIT
The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is a private land-grant research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Established in 1861, MIT has played a key role in the development of modern technology and science, and is one of the ...
,
headed by Jason Kelly. The company specializes in using
genetic engineering
Genetic engineering, also called genetic modification or genetic manipulation, is the modification and manipulation of an organism's genes using technology. It is a set of technologies used to change the genetic makeup of cells, including ...
to produce
bacteria
Bacteria (; singular: bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one biological cell. They constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria were am ...
with industrial applications. Ginkgo Bioworks is an analytics company that designs microorganisms for customers in a range of industries. It is the self-proclaimed "Organism Company" and was one of the world's largest privately held biotech companies,
valued at $4.2 billion in 2019. It raised $290 million in September and $350 million in October of that year.
History
In 2014, Ginkgo was the first biotechnology company to join the
Y Combinator
Y Combinator (YC) is an American technology startup accelerator launched in March 2005. It has been used to launch more than 3,000 companies, including Airbnb, Coinbase, Cruise, DoorDash, Dropbox, Instacart, Quora, PagerDuty, Reddit, Str ...
start-up accelerator program.
On 16 December 2020, it was reported that Ginkgo Bioworks would acquire the primary assets of Novogy's Microbial Engineering Platform. 2020 also saw the company acquire property worth $25 million from Marcus Partners for the construction of a new 219,000 square foot laboratory building, after razing existing structures, located in the
Raymond L Flynn Marine Park.
As of 2021, the company also occupied 200,000 square feet of the Innovation and Design Building (''aka'' IDB) in the Park.
Ginkgo also occupied facilities in
Cambridge
Cambridge ( ) is a university city and the county town in Cambridgeshire, England. It is located on the River Cam approximately north of London. As of the 2021 United Kingdom census, the population of Cambridge was 145,700. Cambridge beca ...
, where most MIT-spin outs resided at the time.
Growth of Ginkgo up to 2021 had been driven by "robust
venture capital funding" and entry into the
COVID-19 testing market.
This included $45 million from
Viking Global in 2015.
On 11 May 2021, Gingko Bioworks announced plans of going public through a merger with
SPAC Soaring Eagle at a $17.5 billion valuation.
On 14 May 2021, Ginkgo announced its new ticker for the
NYSE
The New York Stock Exchange (NYSE, nicknamed "The Big Board") is an American stock exchange in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan in New York City. It is by far the world's largest stock exchange by market capitalization of its listed co ...
will be "DNA". The ticker was previously used by
Genentech
Genentech, Inc., is an American biotechnology corporation headquartered in South San Francisco, California. It became an independent subsidiary of Roche in 2009. Genentech Research and Early Development operates as an independent center within ...
, who stopped using the ticker after they were acquired by
Roche
F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, commonly known as Roche, is a Swiss multinational healthcare company that operates worldwide under two divisions: Pharmaceuticals and Diagnostics. Its holding company, Roche Holding AG, has shares listed on the SIX S ...
. Trading began on September 17, 2021. The investment management firm
Baillie Gifford
Baillie Gifford is an investment management firm which is wholly owned by partners, all of whom work within the firm. It was founded in Edinburgh, Scotland, in 1908 and still has its headquarters in the city. It has corporate offices in New York ...
became the largest shareholder (15%) with the purchase of 167.75 million shares on 31 March 2022.
On 14 March 2022, it was reported that Ginkgo Bioworks signed a Definitive Agreement to Acquire FGen AG, a leading bioengineering company and its proprietary ultra-high-throughput screening platform.
On 6 June 2022, it was reported that Ginkgo Bioworks has acquired assets from Bitome, an Integrated Metabolite Monitoring Platform.
On 25 July 2022, Ginkgo Bioworks agreed to acquire
Zymergen
Zymergen is an American biotechnology company based in Emeryville, California. The company applies genomics and machine learning to research and design chemical producing genetically modified organisms. Shortly after going public in 2021, it was ...
for $300 million in an all-stock deal.
On 27 July 2022, it was reported that Ginkgo Bioworks would acquire Bayer's Biologics Research & Development site, located in West Sacramento. Ginko will enter into a new multi-year platform collaboration with Bayer. The deal includes the integration of the R&D platform assets from Joyn Bio, a joint-venture between Leaps by Bayer investments and Ginkgo Bioworks.
On 4 October 2022, it was reported that Ginkgo Bioworks would acquire France-based adaptive laboratory evolution instruments developer Altar and California-based Circularis to strengthen capabilities in cell and gene therapy.
In October 2022, ''
Bloomberg News
Bloomberg News (originally Bloomberg Business News) is an international news agency headquartered in New York City and a division of Bloomberg L.P. Content produced by Bloomberg News is disseminated through Bloomberg Terminals, Bloomberg Televi ...
'' reported that Ginkgo Bioworks partnered with
Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity
The Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity (IARPA) is an organization within the Office of the Director of National Intelligence responsible for leading research to overcome difficult challenges relevant to the United States Intellige ...
to create a software tool to help detect when biological organisms have been
genetically engineered
Genetic engineering, also called genetic modification or genetic manipulation, is the modification and manipulation of an organism's genes using technology. It is a set of technologies used to change the genetic makeup of cells, including t ...
. The tool known as ENDAR (short for Engineered Nucleotide Detection and Ranking) could be used to provide an early warning of bioweapons and other man-made biological threats.
See also
*
Amyris
''Amyris'' is a genus of flowering plants in the citrus family, Rutaceae. The generic name is derived from the Greek word αμ ('), which means "intensely scented" and refers to the strong odor of the resin. Members of the genus are commonly kno ...
*
Precigen
References
Further reading
* (2nd page, B7
located here
External links
*
{{authority control
2009 establishments in Massachusetts
Biotechnology companies of the United States
Companies based in Boston
Companies listed on the New York Stock Exchange
Special-purpose acquisition companies
Technology companies established in 2009