''Gibberella'' is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

fungi A fungus (: fungi , , , or ; or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and mold (fungus), molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as one ...

in the family

Nectriaceae The Nectriaceae comprise a family of fungi in the order Hypocreales. It was circumscribed by brothers Charles and Louis René Tulasne in 1865. In 2020, an Outline of fungi was produced and listed 70 genera and about 1,336 species. It is a highl ...

. In 1926, Japanese scientists observed that

rice Rice is a cereal grain and in its Domestication, domesticated form is the staple food of over half of the world's population, particularly in Asia and Africa. Rice is the seed of the grass species ''Oryza sativa'' (Asian rice)—or, much l ...

plants infected with ''Gibberella'' had abnormally long stems (" foolish seedling disease"). A substance,

gibberellin Gibberellins (GAs) are plant hormones that regulate various Biological process, developmental processes, including Plant stem, stem elongation, germination, dormancy, flowering, flower development, and leaf and fruit senescence. They are one of th ...

, was derived from this fungus. Gibberellin is a

plant hormone Plant hormones (or phytohormones) are signal molecules, produced within plants, that occur in extremely low concentrations. Plant hormones control all aspects of plant growth and development, including embryogenesis, the regulation of Organ (anat ...

that promotes cell elongation, flower formation, and seedling growth. Gibberella fujikuroi

Etymology

Pier Andrea Saccardo Pier Andrea Saccardo (23 April 1845 in Treviso, Province of Treviso, Treviso – 12 February 1920 in Padua, Italy, Padua) was an Italian botany, botanist and mycology, mycologist. His multi-volume ''Sylloge Fungorum'' was one of the first attempt ...

named the genus "Gibberella" because of the hump (Latin, ''gibbera'') on the fungal

perithecium An ascocarp, or ascoma (: ascomata), is the fruiting body ( sporocarp) of an ascomycete phylum fungus. It consists of very tightly interwoven hyphae and millions of embedded asci, each of which typically contains four to eight ascospores. Ascoc ...

.''GIBBERELLA'' FROM ''A'' (VENACEAE) TO ''Z' (EAE)
, by Anne E. Desjardins; originally published in ''

Annual Review of Phytopathology The ''Annual Review of Phytopathology'' is a peer-reviewed academic journal that publishes review articles about phytopathology, the study of diseases that affect plants. It was first published in 1963 as the result of a collaboration between the ...

'', 2003. 41:177–98; doi:10.1146/annurev.phyto.41.011703.115501

Species

*'' Gibberella acerina'' *'' Gibberella acervalis'' *''

Gibberella africana ''Gibberella'' is a genus of fungi in the family Nectriaceae. In 1926, Japanese scientists observed that rice plants infected with ''Gibberella'' had abnormally long Plant stem, stems ("foolish seedling disease"). A substance, gibberellin, was ...

'' *''

Gibberella agglomerata ''Gibberella'' is a genus of fungi in the family Nectriaceae. In 1926, Japanese scientists observed that rice plants infected with ''Gibberella'' had abnormally long stems (" foolish seedling disease"). A substance, gibberellin, was derived f ...

'' *''

Gibberella atrofuliginea ''Gibberella'' is a genus of fungi in the family Nectriaceae. In 1926, Japanese scientists observed that rice plants infected with ''Gibberella'' had abnormally long stems (" foolish seedling disease"). A substance, gibberellin, was derived f ...

'' *''

Gibberella atrorufa ''Gibberella'' is a genus of fungi in the family Nectriaceae. In 1926, Japanese scientists observed that rice plants infected with ''Gibberella'' had abnormally long stems (" foolish seedling disease"). A substance, gibberellin, was derived f ...

'' *''

Gibberella australis ''Gibberella'' is a genus of fungi in the family Nectriaceae. In 1926, Japanese scientists observed that rice plants infected with ''Gibberella'' had abnormally long stems (" foolish seedling disease"). A substance, gibberellin, was derived f ...

'' *''

Gibberella avenacea ''Gibberella avenacea'' is a fungus A fungus (: fungi , , , or ; or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and mold (fungus), molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. ...

'' *''

Gibberella baccata ''Gibberella baccata'' is a fungal plant pathogen. It is a common finding worldwide. It is common in soil and in woody plants, especially in tree tissues. Hosts Hosts include ''Citrus'' spp., hardwood lumber trees, coffee, plum, apple (''Mal ...

'' *''

Gibberella bambusae ''Gibberella'' is a genus of fungi in the family Nectriaceae. In 1926, Japanese scientists observed that rice plants infected with ''Gibberella'' had abnormally long stems (" foolish seedling disease"). A substance, gibberellin, was derived f ...

'' *''

Gibberella bolusiellae ''Gibberella'' is a genus of fungi in the family Nectriaceae. In 1926, Japanese scientists observed that rice plants infected with ''Gibberella'' had abnormally long stems (" foolish seedling disease"). A substance, gibberellin, was derived f ...

'' *''

Gibberella bresadolae ''Gibberella bresadolae'' is a fungal A fungus (: fungi , , , or ; or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organ ...

'' *''

Gibberella briosiana ''Gibberella'' is a genus of fungi in the family Nectriaceae. In 1926, Japanese scientists observed that rice plants infected with ''Gibberella'' had abnormally long stems (" foolish seedling disease"). A substance, gibberellin, was derived f ...

'' *''

Gibberella butleri ''Gibberella'' is a genus of fungi in the family Nectriaceae. In 1926, Japanese scientists observed that rice plants infected with ''Gibberella'' had abnormally long stems (" foolish seedling disease"). A substance, gibberellin, was derived f ...

'' *''

Gibberella buxi ''Gibberella'' is a genus of fungi in the family Nectriaceae. In 1926, Japanese scientists observed that rice plants infected with ''Gibberella'' had abnormally long stems (" foolish seedling disease"). A substance, gibberellin, was derived f ...

'' *''

Gibberella cantareirensis ''Gibberella'' is a genus of fungi in the family Nectriaceae. In 1926, Japanese scientists observed that rice plants infected with ''Gibberella'' had abnormally long stems (" foolish seedling disease"). A substance, gibberellin, was derived f ...

'' *''

Gibberella cicatrisata ''Gibberella'' is a genus of fungi in the family Nectriaceae. In 1926, Japanese scientists observed that rice plants infected with ''Gibberella'' had abnormally long stems (" foolish seedling disease"). A substance, gibberellin, was derived f ...

'' *''

Gibberella circinata ''Fusarium circinatum'' is a fungal plant pathogen that causes the serious disease pitch canker on pine trees and Douglas firs (''Pseudotsuga menziesii''). The most common hosts of the pathogen include slash pine (''Pinus elliottii''), loblolly p ...

'' *''

Gibberella coffeae ''Gibberella'' is a genus of fungi in the family Nectriaceae. In 1926, Japanese scientists observed that rice plants infected with ''Gibberella'' had abnormally long stems (" foolish seedling disease"). A substance, gibberellin, was derived f ...

'' *'' Gibberella coronicola'' *'' Gibberella creberrima'' *'' Gibberella culmicola'' *'' Gibberella cyanea'' *'' Gibberella cyanogena'' *'' Gibberella cyanospora'' *'' Gibberella cylindrospora'' *'' Gibberella effusa'' *'' Gibberella engleriana'' *'' Gibberella euonymi'' *''

Gibberella ficina ''Gibberella'' is a genus of fungi in the family Nectriaceae. In 1926, Japanese scientists observed that rice plants infected with ''Gibberella'' had abnormally long stems (" foolish seedling disease"). A substance, gibberellin, was derived f ...

'' *'' Gibberella flacca'' *''

Gibberella fujikuroi ''Gibberella fujikuroi'' is a fungal plant pathogen. It causes ''bakanae'' disease in rice seedlings. Another name is foolish seedling disease. It gets that name because the seeds can be infected, leading to disparate outcomes for the plant. Th ...

'' ** ''G. fujikuroi'' var. ''subglutinans'' *'' Gibberella fusispora'' *'' Gibberella gaditjirrii'' *'' Gibberella gordonii'' *'' Gibberella gossypina'' *'' Gibberella heterochroma'' *'' Gibberella hostae'' *'' Gibberella imperatae'' *'' Gibberella indica'' *''

Gibberella intricans ''Fusarium gibbosum'' (syn. Gibberella intricans) is a fungal plant pathogen. It is an opportunistic pathogen of durians such as '' Durio graveolens'' and ''Durio kutejensis ''Durio kutejensis'', commonly known as durian pulu, durian merah, ...

'' *'' Gibberella juniperi'' *'' Gibberella konza'' *'' Gibberella lagerheimii'' *''

Gibberella lateritia ''Gibberella'' is a genus of fungi in the family Nectriaceae. In 1926, Japanese scientists observed that rice plants infected with ''Gibberella'' had abnormally long stems (" foolish seedling disease"). A substance, gibberellin, was derived f ...

'' *'' Gibberella longispora'' *'' Gibberella macrolopha'' *'' Gibberella malvacearum'' *'' Gibberella mapaniae'' *'' Gibberella maxima'' *'' Gibberella nemorosa'' *'' Gibberella nygamai'' *'' Gibberella parasitica'' *'' Gibberella passiflorae'' *'' Gibberella phyllostachydicola'' *'' Gibberella polycocca'' *'' Gibberella pseudopulicaris'' *''

Gibberella pulicaris ''Gibberella pulicaris'' is a fungal plant pathogen infecting several hosts including potato, strawberry, hop, alfalfa and Douglas-fir The Douglas fir (''Pseudotsuga menziesii'') is an evergreen conifer species in the pine family, Pinaceae. ...

'' *'' Gibberella quinqueseptata'' *'' Gibberella rhododendricola'' *'' Gibberella rugosa'' *'' Gibberella sacchari'' *'' Gibberella spiraeae'' *''

Gibberella stilboides ''Gibberella stilboides'' is a nectriacine fungus. It is a plant pathogen, and causes collar rot in coffee Coffee is a beverage brewed from roasted, ground coffee beans. Darkly colored, bitter, and slightly acidic, coffee has a stimul ...

'' *'' Gibberella subtropica'' *'' Gibberella thapsina'' *'' Gibberella tilakii'' *''

Gibberella tricincta ''Gibberella tricincta'' is a fungal plant pathogen. ''Gibberella tricincta'' produces the antifungal alkaloid Fungerin. See also * Gibberellic acid Gibberellic acid (also called gibberellin A3 or GA3) is a hormone found in plants and fungi. ...

'' *'' Gibberella tritici'' *'' Gibberella tropicalis'' *'' Gibberella tumida'' *'' Gibberella ulicis'' *'' Gibberella venezuelana'' *'' Gibberella violacea'' *'' Gibberella vitis'' *'' Gibberella xylarioides'' *''

Gibberella zeae ''Gibberella zeae'', also known by the name of its anamorph ''Fusarium graminearum'', is a fungus, fungal plant pathogen which causes fusarium head blight (FHB), a devastating disease on wheat and barley. The pathogen is responsible for billions ...

References

External links

A ''Gibberella'' primer''Gibberella'' on an ear of corn
Nectriaceae genera Fungal plant pathogens and diseases {{Ascomycota-stub