Ghulam Mustafa Khan, SI () (23 September 1912 – 25 September 2005) was a Pakistani

research Research is creative and systematic work undertaken to increase the stock of knowledge. It involves the collection, organization, and analysis of evidence to increase understanding of a topic, characterized by a particular attentiveness to ...

er,

literary critic A genre of arts criticism, literary criticism or literary studies is the study, evaluation, and interpretation of literature. Modern literary criticism is often influenced by literary theory, which is the philosophical analysis of literature' ...

linguist Linguistics is the scientific study of language. The areas of linguistic analysis are syntax (rules governing the structure of sentences), semantics (meaning), Morphology (linguistics), morphology (structure of words), phonetics (speech sounds ...

, author,

scholar A scholar is a person who is a researcher or has expertise in an academic discipline. A scholar can also be an academic, who works as a professor, teacher, or researcher at a university. An academic usually holds an advanced degree or a termina ...

Urdu literature Urdu literature (, ) comprises the literary works, written in the Urdu language. While it tends to be dominated by poetry, especially the verse forms of the ''ghazal'' () and '' nazm'' (), it has expanded into other styles of writing, includin ...

and

linguistics Linguistics is the scientific study of language. The areas of linguistic analysis are syntax (rules governing the structure of sentences), semantics (meaning), Morphology (linguistics), morphology (structure of words), phonetics (speech sounds ...

educationist Education is the transmission of knowledge and skills and the development of character traits. Formal education occurs within a structured institutional framework, such as public schools, following a curriculum. Non-formal education also fol ...

and religious and spiritual leader belonging to

Naqshbandi Naqshbandi (Persian: نقشبندیه) is a major Sufi order within Sunni Islam, named after its 14th-century founder, Baha' al-Din Naqshband. Practitioners, known as Naqshbandis, trace their spiritual lineage (silsila) directly to the Prophet ...

order of

Sufism Sufism ( or ) is a mysticism, mystic body of religious practice found within Islam which is characterized by a focus on Islamic Tazkiyah, purification, spirituality, ritualism, and Asceticism#Islam, asceticism. Practitioners of Sufism are r ...

Life and services

He was born in

Jabalpur Jabalpur, formerly Jubbulpore, is a city situated on the banks of Narmada River in the state of Madhya Pradesh, India. It is the 3rd-largest urban agglomeration of the state and the 38th-largest of the country. Jabalpur is the administrative h ...

, India on 23 September 1912, in a

Urdu-speaking Native speakers of Urdu are spread across South Asia. The vast majority of them are Muslims of the Hindi Belt, Hindi–Urdu Belt of northern India, followed by the Deccanis, Deccani people of the Deccan Plateau, Deccan plateau in south-central I ...

Pashtun Pashtuns (, , ; ;), also known as Pakhtuns, or Pathans, are an Iranic ethnic group primarily residing in southern and eastern Afghanistan and northwestern Pakistan. They were historically also referred to as Afghans until 1964 after the ...

family. In 1928 he finished his ninth grade from ''Anjuman Islamia High School'',

and went to

Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh Muslim University is a Collegiate university, collegiate, Central university (India), central, and Research university, research university located in Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India, which was originally established by Sir Syed Ahmad Kh ...

Aligarh Aligarh (; formerly known as Koil) is a city in the state of Uttar Pradesh in India. It is the administrative headquarters of Aligarh district and lies northwest of state capital Lucknow and approximately southeast of the capital, New Delhi. ...

for the rest of his education. He received his higher education at the

. He held LLB and M.A. in

Persian Persian may refer to: * People and things from Iran, historically called ''Persia'' in the English language ** Persians, the majority ethnic group in Iran, not to be conflated with the Iranic peoples ** Persian language, an Iranian language of the ...

and completed his

PhD A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD, DPhil; or ) is a terminal degree that usually denotes the highest level of academic achievement in a given discipline and is awarded following a course of graduate study and original research. The name of the deg ...

on 12th-century Persian poet Syed Ashruddin Hassan Ghaznavi in 1947. In 1959, he was awarded D.Litt. by Nagpur University,

India India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seventh-largest country by area; the List of countries by population (United Nations), most populous country since ...

. During his life he was appointed as a lecturer at the King Edward College, Amrawati and after migration to Pakistan from India he was appointed in Urdu College,

Karachi Karachi is the capital city of the Administrative units of Pakistan, province of Sindh, Pakistan. It is the List of cities in Pakistan by population, largest city in Pakistan and 12th List of largest cities, largest in the world, with a popul ...

. Later in his life, he also performed the duties of head of the department of Urdu in

Sindh University The University of Sindh (; ; informally known as Sindh University) is a public research university in Pakistan located in the city of Jamshoro in the Sindh province. It is one of the oldest universities in Pakistan and was certified by ISO in 2 ...

. For his academic services he was honoured with various level of awards, including the ''Naqoosh award'', '' Iqbal award'' and ''Nishan-i-Sipas''. He published a number of research papers and a quantity of books, translations and compilations, numbering about ninety three. His book on ''Iqbal and Quran'' was awarded as the best book ever written on this subject and was awarded the ''Gold Medal Award'' by Idara-e-Adbiat, Pakistan (Institute of Literature, Pakistan). Ghulam Mustafa was a renowned religious and spiritual leader. His students included famous scholars such as

Ibn-e-Insha Sher Muhammad Khan (), ( Punjabi, ), better known by his pen name Ibn-e-Insha, (), ( Punjabi, ) (15 June 1927 – 11 January 1978) was a Pakistani Urdu poet, humorist, travelogue writer and newspaper columnist. Along with his poetry, he ...

, Jameel Jalibi, Abul Lais Siddiqui, Aslam Farrukhi, Farman Fatehpuri, Moinuddin Aqeel, and Abul Khair Kashfi.KARACHI: Tributes paid to Dr Ghulam Mustafa Khan
Dawn (newspaper), Published 28 September 2005, Retrieved 27 April 2018 His shrine is siutated N5 (National Highway) Hyderabad.

Books

He was author of more than 100 books in Arabic,

, Urdu and English. Some of his notable publications include: *''Iqbāl aur Qurʼān''. An analysis of the Urdu and Persian poetical works of Sir Muhammad Iqbal, 1877-1938, with particular reference to his inspiration from the

Koran The Quran, also Romanization, romanized Qur'an or Koran, is the central religious text of Islam, believed by Muslims to be a Waḥy, revelation directly from God in Islam, God (''Allah, Allāh''). It is organized in 114 chapters (, ) which ...

*''Maulānā ʻUbaidullāh Sindhī kī sarguz̲asht-i Kābul''. On the life and political activities of Indian Muslim reformer 'Ubayd Allāh Sindī, 1872-1944, against the British while in exile in

Afghanistan Afghanistan, officially the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central Asia and South Asia. It is bordered by Pakistan to the Durand Line, east and south, Iran to the Afghanistan–Iran borde ...

, 1915-1922 *''Urdū men̲ Qurʼān aur Ḥadīs ke muḥāvarāt''. On the influence of the

and

Hadith Hadith is the Arabic word for a 'report' or an 'account f an event and refers to the Islamic oral tradition of anecdotes containing the purported words, actions, and the silent approvals of the Islamic prophet Muhammad or his immediate circle ...

on Urdu phraseology, includes specimens from the works of noted Urdu poets *''Adabī jāʼize''. Series of books reviews on

*''Fihrist : Sindh men̲ Urdū mak̲h̲t̤ūt̤āt''. List of Urdu manuscripts, found in different libraries or with individuals in

Sindh Sindh ( ; ; , ; abbr. SD, historically romanized as Sind (caliphal province), Sind or Scinde) is a Administrative units of Pakistan, province of Pakistan. Located in the Geography of Pakistan, southeastern region of the country, Sindh is t ...

, Pakistan *''Sayyid Ḥasan G̲h̲aznavī : ḥayāt aur adabī kārnāme, Fārsī ke buzurg shāʻir Sayyid Ḥ̦asan G̲h̲aznavī''. On the life and works of Ḥasan Ghaznavi, 12th century Persian poet; includes samples from his works; scholarly study *''S̲aqafatī Urdū''. On the words and phrases assimilated in Urdu from various Indic languages. *''Fārsī par Urdū kā as̲ar''. On the influence of Urdu on the

Persian language Persian ( ), also known by its endonym and exonym, endonym Farsi (, Fārsī ), is a Western Iranian languages, Western Iranian language belonging to the Iranian languages, Iranian branch of the Indo-Iranian languages, Indo-Iranian subdivision ...

. *''Ḥālī kā z̲ahnī irtiqā'' (Progress in the thinking of Hali). Ghulam Mustafa Khan was considered an authority on Maulana

Altaf Hussain Hali Altaf Hussain Hali ( – ; 1837 – 31 December 1914), also known as Maulana Khawaja Hali, was an Urdu poet and writer. Early life He was born in Panipat to Khwaja Ezad Baksh and was a descendant of Abu Ayyub al-Ansari, a Companions of the ...

*''Pakistan's book of

cricket Cricket is a Bat-and-ball games, bat-and-ball game played between two Sports team, teams of eleven players on a cricket field, field, at the centre of which is a cricket pitch, pitch with a wicket at each end, each comprising two Bail (cr ...

records''. In addition to the field of literature, his contributions as a statistician for the then '' Board of Control for Cricket in Pakistan'', (now called

Pakistan Cricket Board The Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB), formerly known as Board of Control for Cricket in Pakistan (BCCP), is a sports governing body for cricket in Pakistan responsible for controlling and organising all tours and matches undertaken by the Pakistan ...

) during 1957-58 cricketing season is well appreciated by the fans of the game of cricket in Pakistan. He was later promoted and served as Board Secretary to PCB in 1995. He was meticulous about his work and wrote informative columns about Pakistan's cricket in Wisden Cricket Almamnac and the Cricketer International magazine on a regular basis. Due to his valued contributions to the game of cricket, the Pakistan Cricket Board management including the then Chairman Shaharyar Khan were deeply saddened at his death.Ex-PCB secretary Ghulam Mustafa Khan expires
Dawn (newspaper), Updated 5 January 2016, Retrieved 27 April 2018

Death and legacy

Ghulam Mustafa Khan died on 25 September 2005 at age 93. Many literary organizations and two universities that he was personally associated with expressed sorrow over his death. Iftikhar Arif, then Chairman,

Pakistan Academy of Letters The Pakistan Academy of Letters (PAL) () is a national academy with its main focus on Pakistani literature and related fields. It is the largest and the most prestigious learned society of its kind in Pakistan, with activities throughout the nat ...

said that his death would significantly affect the research work in the field of literature. Vice-Chancellor of

University of Karachi The University of Karachi (; informally Karachi University, KU, or UoK) is a public research university located in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. Established in June 1951 by an act of Parliament and as a successor to the University of Sindh (which is ...

in 2005, Pirzada Qasim called his death a blow to Urdu literature in Pakistan.

Awards and recognition

Sitara-i-Imtiaz The Sitara-e-Imtiaz () also spelled as Sitara-i-Imtiaz, is the third-highest (in the order of "Imtiaz") honour and Civil decorations of Pakistan, civilian award in the State of Pakistan. It recognizes individuals who have made an "especially me ...

(Star of Excellence) by the

President of Pakistan The president of Pakistan () is the head of state of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. The president is the nominal head of the executive and the supreme commander of the Pakistan Armed Forces.

* Presidential Iqbal Award for writing his book ''Iqbal and Quran''

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Khan, Ghulam Mustafa 1912 births 2005 deaths People from Jabalpur Aligarh Muslim University alumni Pakistani educational theorists Pakistani scholars Pakistani Sunni Muslim scholars of Islam Pakistani Sufis Linguists of Urdu Recipients of Sitara-i-Imtiaz Faculty of Law, Aligarh Muslim University alumni Muhajir people Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University alumni People from Hyderabad, Sindh Pakistani lexicographers Pakistani literary critics Iqbal scholars Sindhi people Linguists from Pakistan Academic staff of the University of Sindh 20th-century Pakistani linguists 20th-century Pakistani philosophers 20th-century lexicographers Academics from Karachi Urdu-language writers from Pakistan