Gertrud Herzog-Hauser (15 June 1894 – 9 October 1953) was an

Austria Austria, formally the Republic of Austria, is a landlocked country in Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine Federal states of Austria, states, of which the capital Vienna is the List of largest cities in Aust ...

classical philologist Classics, also classical studies or Ancient Greek and Roman studies, is the study of classical antiquity. In the Western world, ''classics'' traditionally refers to the study of Ancient Greek and Roman literature and their original languages, ...

. She was specialised in ancient mythology and religion as well as

Latin literature Latin literature includes the essays, histories, poems, plays, and other writings written in the Latin language. The beginning of formal Latin literature dates to 240 BC, when the first stage play in Latin was performed in Rome. Latin literatur ...

and published Latin school textbooks. She campaigned for equal rights for women in education.

Life

Herzog-Hauser was born in 1894 in

Vienna Vienna ( ; ; ) is the capital city, capital, List of largest cities in Austria, most populous city, and one of Federal states of Austria, nine federal states of Austria. It is Austria's primate city, with just over two million inhabitants. ...

and studied Classical Philology, German Studies and Philosophy in Vienna and

Berlin Berlin ( ; ) is the Capital of Germany, capital and largest city of Germany, by both area and List of cities in Germany by population, population. With 3.7 million inhabitants, it has the List of cities in the European Union by population withi ...

, where she was taught by

Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff Enno Friedrich Wichard Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff (22 December 1848 – 25 September 1931) was a German classical philologist. Wilamowitz, as he is known in scholarly circles, was a renowned authority on Ancient Greece and its literatur ...

. On 22 December 1916 she gained her doctorate in Vienna where she was the student of

Ludwig Radermacher Ludwig Radermacher (31 October 1867 – 28 June 1952) was a German-Austrian classical philologist born in Siegburg. In 1891 he earned his doctorate at the University of Bonn, where he was a student of Hermann Usener (1834–1905). Following gradu ...

. In 1917 she took the ''

Staatsexamen The ("state examination" or "exam by state"; pl.: ''Staatsexamina'') is a German government licensing examination that future physicians, dentists, physical therapists, teachers, research librarians, archivists, pharmacists, food chemists, psyc ...

'' for teaching. Herzog-Hauser worked as teacher at a girls' '' Gymnasium'', the GRG 6 Rahlgasse in

Mariahilf Mariahilf (; ; "Mary's help") is the 6th municipal district of Vienna, Austria (). It is near the center of Vienna and was established as a district in 1850. Mariahilf is a heavily populated urban area with many residential buildings. Wien.gv.a ...

, from 1917 to 1937. She also wrote entries for the ''

Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft The Pauly encyclopedias or the Pauly-Wissowa family of encyclopedias, are a set of related encyclopedias on Greco-Roman world, Greco-Roman classical studies, topics and scholarship. The first of these, or (1839–1852), was begun by compiler A ...

''. In 1922 she married the artist

Carry Hauser Carry Hauser, born Carl Maria Hauser (16 February 1895 – 28 October 1985), was an Austrian painter, stage set designer and poet. Life Carry Hauser was born in Vienna as Carl Maria Hauser into the family of a civil servant. He was educated at ...

. In 1932, she gave birth to a son named Heinrich. In the same year, she became the first Austrian woman to gain a

habilitation Habilitation is the highest university degree, or the procedure by which it is achieved, in Germany, France, Italy, Poland and some other European and non-English-speaking countries. The candidate fulfills a university's set criteria of excelle ...

at university and she gave lectures at the

University of Vienna The University of Vienna (, ) is a public university, public research university in Vienna, Austria. Founded by Rudolf IV, Duke of Austria, Duke Rudolph IV in 1365, it is the oldest university in the German-speaking world and among the largest ...

. In 1937 she became principal of the ''Gymnasium'' in Mariahilf. After the ''

Anschluss The (, or , ), also known as the (, ), was the annexation of the Federal State of Austria into Nazi Germany on 12 March 1938. The idea of an (a united Austria and Germany that would form a "German Question, Greater Germany") arose after t ...

'', on 22 April 1938, Herzog-Hauser lost her job as she was classified as a Jew by the

Nazi Regime Nazi Germany, officially known as the German Reich and later the Greater German Reich, was the German state between 1933 and 1945, when Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party controlled the country, transforming it into a totalitarian dictat ...

, even though she was Catholic. Her husband also lost his job because of political reasons. In 1939, Herzog-Hauser and her husband emigrated to the

Netherlands , Terminology of the Low Countries, informally Holland, is a country in Northwestern Europe, with Caribbean Netherlands, overseas territories in the Caribbean. It is the largest of the four constituent countries of the Kingdom of the Nether ...

. She then became a refugee scholar at

Somerville College, Oxford Somerville College is a Colleges of the University of Oxford, constituent college of the University of Oxford in England. It was founded in 1879 as Somerville Hall, one of its first two women's colleges. It began admitting men in 1994. The colle ...

where she stayed during the

Second World War World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...

. In 1946, Herzog-Hauser emigrated to

Switzerland Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a landlocked country located in west-central Europe. It is bordered by Italy to the south, France to the west, Germany to the north, and Austria and Liechtenstein to the east. Switzerland ...

and soon returned to the University of Vienna where she became a professor. She also taught at a girls' ''Gymnasium'' in

Hietzing Hietzing () is the 13th Districts of Vienna, district of Vienna (). It is located west of the central districts, west of Meidling. Hietzing is a heavily populated urban area with many residential buildings, but also contains large areas of the Vi ...

called the Wenzgasse and worked together with the writer Käthe Braun-Prager as chair of the ''Vereins der Schriftstellerinnen und Künstlerinnen'' (Association of Woman Writers and Artists). Herzog-Hauser was Vienna's first university lecturer in classical languages and was offered a teaching position in

Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising mainland Australia, the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and list of islands of Australia, numerous smaller isl ...

, which she turned down as her husband received the opportunity to go to Switzerland. In 1950, she was offered a position at the

University of Innsbruck The University of Innsbruck (; ) is a public research university in Innsbruck, the capital of the Austrian federal state of Tyrol (state), Tyrol, founded on October 15, 1669. It is the largest education facility in the Austrian States of Austria, ...

but she got a stroke and died three years later in Vienna. On 12 November 2009, the ''Gymnasium'' GRG 6 Rahlgasse dedicated a memorial plaque to her.

Selected publications

*''Altgriechische Liebesgedichte''. Vienna, 1924. *''Publius Ovidius Naso: Ausgewählte Dichtungen''. Vienna, 1928. *''Soter. Die Gestalt des Retters im altgriechischen Epos''. Vienna, 1931. *''Octavia: Fabula praetexta''. Vienna, 1934. *''Uit de Vrouwenbrieven van den H. Hieronymus''.

's-Hertogenbosch s-Hertogenbosch (), colloquially known as Den Bosch (), is a List of cities in the Netherlands by province, city and List of municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality in the Netherlands with a population of 160,783. It is the capital of ...

, 1941. *''Antonius von Padua. Sein Leben und sein Werk''.

Lucerne Lucerne ( ) or Luzern ()Other languages: ; ; ; . is a city in central Switzerland, in the Languages of Switzerland, German-speaking portion of the country. Lucerne is the capital of the canton of Lucerne and part of the Lucerne (district), di ...

, 1947. *''De Godsdienst der Grieken''.

Roermond Roermond (; or ) is a city, municipality, and diocese in the Limburg (Netherlands), Limburg province of the Netherlands. Roermond is a historically important town on the lower Roer on the east bank of the river Meuse. It received City rights i ...

, 1952. *''Die Frau in der griechisch-römischen Antik''. 1954.

References

Bibliography

* ''Wer ist wer in Österreich?'' Second edition. Vienna, 1953. * Friedrich Wotke: ''Nachruf auf Gertrud Herzog-Hauser'', in: ''Anzeiger für die Altertumswissenschaft''. Volume 7, 1954. * Cornelia Wegeler: ''Altertumswissenschaft und Nationalsozialismus. Das Göttinger Institut für Altertumskunde 1921–1962''. Vienna, 1996. . * Ilse Korotin and Heidi Schrodt: ''Gertrud Herzog-Hauser (1894–1953). Klassische Philologin, Universitätsdozentin und Schuldirektorin''. Vienna, 2009. . *

External links

*
Biographical data of Gertrud Herzog-Hauser from the University of Vienna
{{DEFAULTSORT:Herzog-Hauser, Gertrud Fellows of Somerville College, Oxford University of Vienna alumni Humboldt University of Berlin alumni Classical philologists Scholars of Latin literature Classical scholars of the University of Oxford Women classical scholars Austrian classical scholars 1894 births 1953 deaths