''Germany in Autumn'' () is a 1978 West German anthology film about the period of 1977 known as the German Autumn, which was dominated by incidents of terrorism. The film is composed of contributions from different filmmakers, including Rainer Werner Fassbinder, Alexander Kluge, Edgar Reitz, Bernhard Sinkel, Alf Brustellin, Hans Peter Cloos, Katja Rupé, Peter Schubert and Volker Schlöndorff. It was entered into the 28th Berlin International Film Festival, where it won a Special Recognition award.

Plot

The following fictional and documentary sequences are loosely intertwined.

Hanns-Martin Schleyer

The state memorial service of Hanns-Martin Schleyer, leading German industrialist and head of the Daimler-Benz corporation,Miriam Hansen et al, ''Alexander Kluge: Raw Materials for the Imagination'', (Amsterdam University Press, 2012), p. 56. kidnapped and killed by members of the RAF. Later we see a Turkish man arrested outside the memorial service for possession of a rifle, factory workers standing in silence to mark Schleyer's death, and hospitality staff at the memorial service preparing to serve snacks. Directed by Alexander Kluge.

Rainer Werner Fassbinder

A series of dialogues between Rainer Werner Fassbinder and his mother, his ex-wife Ingrid Caven, his boyfriend Armin Meier and others reflecting on the news of the alleged suicides of RAF members Andreas Baader, Gudrun Ensslin and Jan-Carl Raspe in the top-security prison of Stuttgart-Stammheim. Directed by Rainer Werner Fassbinder.

Gabi Teichert

A history teacher called Gabi Teichert is questioning some of the curriculum she teaches, causing concern among her superiors. Narrated archive footage explores some of her research into German history, including the

Mayerling incident The Mayerling incident is the series of events surrounding the apparent murder–suicide suicide pact, pact of Rudolf, Crown Prince of Austria, and his mistress, baroness Mary Vetsera. They were found dead on 30 January 1889 in an imperial ...

, the German Military Railway, the

Spartacist uprising The Spartacist uprising (German: ), also known as the January uprising () or, more rarely, Bloody Week, was an armed uprising that took place in Berlin from 5 to 12 January 1919. It occurred in connection with the German Revolution of 1918� ...

, and the poisoning of Erwin Rommel by the Nazi government. Documentary footage appears later on in the film of the 1977 SPD conference in which speakers condemn the actions of left-wing terrorists. Gabi Teichert, from the earlier sequences, is in the audience studiously taking notes during a speech by Max Frisch. Directed by Alexander Kluge.

Franziska Busch

A young woman is punched in an underground car park. Another young woman driving past the incident, Franziska Busch, gets out of her car and thwarts the assailant. She then brings the victim home and takes care of her. The scene is accompanied by a song by Wolf Biermann. The RAF co-founder Horst Mahler is interviewed in prison by a TV company and claims that fascism continues to exist in West Germany after the Nazi era. He also unpicks the moral contradictions of left-wing terrorism. Franziska Busch watches the interview footage in the TV studio auditorium where her boyfriend works. Busch begins to make propaganda films with a revolutionary group she is part of. They film the German singer Wolf Biermann performing 'Girl in Stuttgart' a monologue which questions the official version of events regarding the Stammheim death night. Directed by Bernhard Sinkel and Alf Brustellin.

''Schatten der Angst'' (Shadow of Fear)

In Munich a woman is visited by an injured man who is bleeding from the forehead and welcomes him into her apartment. She sees his face on a newspaper among the headshots of wanted terrorists, but chooses not to inform on him. Directed by Hans Peter Cloos and Katja Rupé.

Grenzstation

Customs officers patrol a crossing between French and Germany. An unmarried couple driving through are stopped and have their identification papers checked. The guard speculates that the woman bears a resemblance to one of the wanted terrorists. They are eventually let through. Directed by Edgar Reitz.

Bundeswehr

Documentary footage of the German army performing various land and air drills across the German countryside. Directed by Peter Schubert.

The Postponed Antigone

A board of mostly male TV producers meet to discuss an upcoming televisation of

Sophocles Sophocles ( 497/496 – winter 406/405 BC)Sommerstein (2002), p. 41. was an ancient Greek tragedian known as one of three from whom at least two plays have survived in full. His first plays were written later than, or contemporary with, those ...

' tragedy '' Antigone''. They discuss preceding the broadcast with a disclaimer, given the febrile political atmosphere and the play's exploration of death, authority and political resistance. After much debate they agree not to broadcast the play at all. Written by Heinrich Böll and directed by Volker Schlöndorff

Funeral

The film concludes with Kluge's footage from the funeral of Andreas Baader, Gudrun Ensslin and Jan-Carl Raspe, which is attended by hundreds of protestors, some of whom are subsequently arrested. Directed by Alexander Kluge. The film begins and ends with the same quote from 'Frau Wilde (mother of five)', April 1945: ‘When cruelty has reached a certain point, it no longer matters who is responsible – it simply has to stop’. Frau Wilde had been buried alive after a bombardment and was speaking to an American army psycho-specialist.

Cast

* Hannelore Hoger as Gabi Teichert, history teacher * Angela Winkler as Antigone * Franziska Walser as Ismene, sister of Antigone * Helmut Griem as Creon, uncle of Antigone * Mario Adorf, Heinz Bennent, Otto Friebel, Michael Gahr, Helmut Griem, Dieter Laser, Enno Patalas as the TV producers * Vadim Glowna as husband * Katja Rupé as Branka, pianist * Hans Peter Cloos as wounded foreigner * Rainer Werner Fassbinder * Wolf Biermann * Horst Mahler * Armin Meier * Max Frisch

Soundtrack

The musical theme of the film is an excerpt from the second movement in G major of the quartet in C major, Op. 76 No. 3 L'Empereur by

Joseph Haydn Franz Joseph Haydn ( ; ; 31 March 173231 May 1809) was an Austrian composer of the Classical period (music), Classical period. He was instrumental in the development of chamber music such as the string quartet and piano trio. His contributions ...

. Mozart's Requiem in D minor is heard at the funeral ceremony of Hanns-Martin Schleyer and when the three-pointed star flags at Daimler-Benz are at half-mast. After the funeral of Andreas Baader, Gudrun Ensslin and Jan-Carl Raspe of the RAF, the film ends with the song " Here's to You" by

Joan Baez Joan Chandos Baez (, ; born January 9, 1941) is an American singer, songwriter, musician, and activist. Her contemporary folk music often includes songs of protest and social justice. Baez has performed publicly for over 60 years, releasing mo ...

and Ennio Morricone in homage to anarchists Nicola Sacco and Bart Vanzetti, while a young mother with her little daughter in the red jacket escapes public disturbances at Dornhalden cemetery.

References

External links

* 1978 films Cultural depictions of the Red Army Faction German anthology films German independent films Films about terrorism in Europe Films directed by Alexander Kluge Films directed by Edgar Reitz Films directed by Rainer Werner Fassbinder Films directed by Volker Schlöndorff Films set in 1977 West German films 1970s German films {{1970s-Germany-film-stub