Gerald Horne
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Gerald Horne (born January 3, 1949) is an American
historian A historian is a person who studies and writes about the past and is regarded as an authority on it. Historians are concerned with the continuous, methodical narrative and research of past events as relating to the human species; as well as the ...
who holds the John J. and Rebecca Moores Chair of History and
African American Studies Black studies or Africana studies (with nationally specific terms, such as African American studies and Black Canadian studies), is an interdisciplinary academic field that primarily focuses on the study of the history, culture, and politics of ...
at the
University of Houston The University of Houston (; ) is a Public university, public research university in Houston, Texas, United States. It was established in 1927 as Houston Junior College, a coeducational institution and one of multiple junior colleges formed in ...
.


Background

Gerald Horne was raised in
St. Louis St. Louis ( , sometimes referred to as St. Louis City, Saint Louis or STL) is an independent city in the U.S. state of Missouri. It lies near the confluence of the Mississippi and the Missouri rivers. In 2020, the city proper had a populatio ...
, Missouri. After his undergraduate education at
Princeton University Princeton University is a private university, private Ivy League research university in Princeton, New Jersey, United States. Founded in 1746 in Elizabeth, New Jersey, Elizabeth as the College of New Jersey, Princeton is the List of Colonial ...
, he received his Ph.D. from
Columbia University Columbia University in the City of New York, commonly referred to as Columbia University, is a Private university, private Ivy League research university in New York City. Established in 1754 as King's College on the grounds of Trinity Churc ...
and a J.D. from the
University of California, Berkeley The University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley, Berkeley, Cal, or California), is a Public university, public Land-grant university, land-grant research university in Berkeley, California, United States. Founded in 1868 and named after t ...
.


Career

Horne holds the John J. and Rebecca Moores Chair of
History History is the systematic study of the past, focusing primarily on the Human history, human past. As an academic discipline, it analyses and interprets evidence to construct narratives about what happened and explain why it happened. Some t ...
and
African American Studies Black studies or Africana studies (with nationally specific terms, such as African American studies and Black Canadian studies), is an interdisciplinary academic field that primarily focuses on the study of the history, culture, and politics of ...
at the University of Houston. He was a contributing editor of '' Political Affairs'' magazine.


Politics

In 1992, Horne was a candidate for
United States Senate The United States Senate is a chamber of the Bicameralism, bicameral United States Congress; it is the upper house, with the United States House of Representatives, U.S. House of Representatives being the lower house. Together, the Senate and ...
on the
Peace and Freedom Party The Peace and Freedom Party (PFP) is a socialist political party in the United States which operates mostly in California. It was formed in 1966 from anti–Vietnam War and pro–civil rights movements. PFP operates both as an organization unt ...
ticket.


Writing

Horne has published extensively on
W. E. B. Du Bois William Edward Burghardt Du Bois ( ; February 23, 1868 – August 27, 1963) was an American sociologist, socialist, historian, and Pan-Africanist civil rights activist. Born in Great Barrington, Massachusetts, Du Bois grew up in a relativel ...
and has written books on neglected episodes of world history including Hawaii and the Pacific. He writes about topics he perceives as misrepresented struggles for justice; in particular
communist Communism () is a sociopolitical, philosophical, and economic ideology within the socialist movement, whose goal is the creation of a communist society, a socioeconomic order centered on common ownership of the means of production, di ...
struggles and struggles against
imperialism Imperialism is the maintaining and extending of Power (international relations), power over foreign nations, particularly through expansionism, employing both hard power (military and economic power) and soft power (diplomatic power and cultura ...
,
colonialism Colonialism is the control of another territory, natural resources and people by a foreign group. Colonizers control the political and tribal power of the colonised territory. While frequently an Imperialism, imperialist project, colonialism c ...
,
fascism Fascism ( ) is a far-right, authoritarian, and ultranationalist political ideology and movement. It is characterized by a dictatorial leader, centralized autocracy, militarism, forcible suppression of opposition, belief in a natural social hie ...
,
racism Racism is the belief that groups of humans possess different behavioral traits corresponding to inherited attributes and can be divided based on the superiority of one Race (human categorization), race or ethnicity over another. It may also me ...
, and
white supremacy White supremacy is the belief that white people are superior to those of other races. The belief favors the maintenance and defense of any power and privilege held by white people. White supremacy has roots in the now-discredited doctrine ...
. Horne is a Marxist. Much of his work highlights and analyzes specific individuals in their historical contexts, including figures such as the
blacklisted Blacklisting is the action of a group or authority compiling a blacklist of people, countries or other entities to be avoided or distrusted as being deemed unacceptable to those making the list; if people are on a blacklist, then they are considere ...
Hollywood screenwriter
John Howard Lawson John Howard Lawson (September 25, 1894 – August 11, 1977) was an American playwright, screenwriter, arts critic, and cultural historian. After enjoying a relatively successful career writing plays that were staged on and off Broadway in the 192 ...
, Ferdinand Smith (a
Jamaica Jamaica is an island country in the Caribbean Sea and the West Indies. At , it is the third-largest island—after Cuba and Hispaniola—of the Greater Antilles and the Caribbean. Jamaica lies about south of Cuba, west of Hispaniola (the is ...
n-born communist, sailor, labor leader, and co-founder of the National Maritime Union), and Lawrence Dennis, a man described as "the brains behind American fascism". While many of Horne's books use an individual as a prism to inspect the historical forces of their times, Horne has also produced broad canvas chronicles of infrequently examined periods and aspects of the history of white supremacy and imperialism. For example, he has written on the post-civil war involvement of the US ruling class—newly dispossessed of human chattels—in relation to
slavery in Brazil Slavery in Brazil began long before the Colonial Brazil, first Portuguese settlement. Later, colonists were heavily dependent on indigenous labor during the initial phases of settlement to maintain the subsistence economy, and natives were of ...
, which was not legally abolished until 1888. He has also written on the historic relationships between African Americans and the Japanese in the mid-20th century, specifically examining the ways in which the Japanese state gained sympathy and solidarity from people of colour by positioning themselves as the leaders of a global war against white supremacy. Manning Marable has said: "Gerald Horne is one of the most gifted and insightful historians on racial matters of his generation." Following the
Russian invasion of Ukraine On 24 February 2022, , starting the largest and deadliest war in Europe since World War II, in a major escalation of the Russo-Ukrainian War, conflict between the two countries which began in 2014. The fighting has caused hundreds of thou ...
in February 2022, Horne published an article, placing the blame for the conflict on the
United States The United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It is a federal republic of 50 U.S. state, states and a federal capital district, Washington, D.C. The 48 ...
and
NATO The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO ; , OTAN), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental organization, intergovernmental Transnationalism, transnational military alliance of 32 Member states of NATO, member s ...
:


Historiography in and for the radical tradition

At the ''Black Women and the Radical Tradition'' conference held at the
Brooklyn College Brooklyn College is a public university in Brooklyn in New York City, United States. It is part of the City University of New York system and enrolls nearly 14,000 students on a campus in the Midwood and Flatbush sections of Brooklyn as of fall ...
Graduate Center for Worker Education, in a session devoted to
Shirley Graham Du Bois Shirley Graham Du Bois (born Lola Shirley Graham Jr.; November 11, 1896 – March 27, 1977) was an American-Ghanaian writer, playwright, composer, and activist for African-American causes, among others. She won the Messner and the Anisfield-Wolf ...
, he said: In a speech given at an event marking the depositing of the Communist Party USA archives at the Tamiment Library at New York University, Horne remarked at length on the writing of history, its importance, and what he perceives as the grievous proliferation of propagandistic historiography in the US: From 2013 to date, Horne has discussed his historical, socio-economic and political research findings in a series of conversations with Paul Jay.


Works

* ''Black and Red: W.E.B. Du Bois and the Afro-American Response to the Cold War''.
SUNY Press The State University of New York Press (more commonly referred to as the SUNY Press) is a university press affiliated with the State University of New York system. The press, which was founded in 1966, is located in Albany, New York and publishe ...
(1986) * ''Communist Front? The Civil Rights Congress, 1946–1956''.
Fairleigh Dickinson University Press Fairleigh Dickinson University Press (FDU Press) is a publishing house under the operation and oversight of Fairleigh Dickinson University, the largest private university in New Jersey. History FDU Press was established in 1967 by the university ...
(1987) * ''Black Liberation/Red Scare: Ben Davis and the Communist Party''. University of Delaware Press (1994) * ''Fire This Time: The Watts Uprising And The 1960s''.
Da Capo Press Da Capo Press is an American publishing company with headquarters in Boston, Massachusetts. It is now an imprint of Hachette Books. History Founded in 1964 as a publisher of music books, as a division of Plenum Publishers, it had additional offi ...
(1997) * ''From the Barrel of a Gun: The United States and the War against Zimbabwe, 1965–1980''.
University of North Carolina Press The University of North Carolina Press (or UNC Press), founded in 1922, is a not-for-profit university press associated with the University of North Carolina. It was the first university press founded in the southern United States. It is a mem ...
(2000) * ''Class Struggle in Hollywood, 1930–1950 : Moguls, Mobsters, Stars, Reds and Trade Unionists''.
University of Texas Press The University of Texas Press (or UT Press) is the university press of the University of Texas at Austin. Established in 1950, the Press publishes scholarly and trade books in several areas, including Latin American studies, Caribbean, Caribbea ...
(2001) * ''Race Woman: The Lives of Shirley Graham Du Bois''.
New York University Press New York University Press (or NYU Press) is a university press that is part of New York University New York University (NYU) is a private university, private research university in New York City, New York, United States. Chartered in 1831 ...
(2002) * (2004) * ''Black and Brown: African Americans and the Mexican Revolution, 1910–1920''. New York University Press (2005) * ''The Final Victim of the Blacklist:
John Howard Lawson John Howard Lawson (September 25, 1894 – August 11, 1977) was an American playwright, screenwriter, arts critic, and cultural historian. After enjoying a relatively successful career writing plays that were staged on and off Broadway in the 192 ...
, Dean of the Hollywood Ten''.
University of California Press The University of California Press, otherwise known as UC Press, is a publishing house associated with the University of California that engages in academic publishing. It was founded in 1893 to publish scholarly and scientific works by faculty ...
(2006)
''Cold War in a Hot Zone: The United States Confronts Labor and Independence Struggles in the British West Indies''
Temple University Press Temple University Press is a university press founded in 1969 that is part of Temple University (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania). It is one of thirteen publishers to participate in the Knowledge Unlatched pilot, a global library consortium approach ...
(2007) * ''The White Pacific: U.S. Imperialism and Black Slavery in the South Seas After the Civil War''.
University of Hawaii Press A university () is an institution of tertiary education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. ''University'' is derived from the Latin phrase , which roughly means "community of teachers and scholars". Uni ...
(2007) * ''The Deepest South: The United States, Brazil, and the African Slave Trade''. New York University Press (2007) * ''Blows Against the Empire: U.S. Imperialism in Crisis''.
International Publishers International Publishers is a book publishing company based in New York City, specializing in Marxism, Marxist works of economics, political science, and history. Company history Establishment International Publishers Company, Inc., was founde ...
(2008) * ''Red Seas: Ferdinand Smith and Radical Black Sailors in the United States and Jamaica.'' New York University Press (2009) * ''Mau Mau in Harlem?: The U.S. and the Liberation of Kenya''.
Palgrave MacMillan Palgrave Macmillan is a British academic and trade publishing company headquartered in the London Borough of Camden. Its programme includes textbooks, journals, monographs, professional and reference works in print and online. It maintains offi ...
(2009) * ''The Color of Fascism: Lawrence Dennis, Racial Passing, and the Rise of Right-Wing Extremism in the United States.'' New York University Press (2009) * ''W.E.B. Du Bois: A Biography.''
Greenwood Press Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc. (GPG) was an educational and academic publisher (middle school through university level) which was part of ABC-Clio. Since 2021, ABC-Clio and its suite of imprints, including GPG, are collectively imprints of B ...
(2009) *
The End of Empires: African Americans and India.
' Temple University Press (2009) * ''Fighting in Paradise: Labor Unions, Racism, and Communists in the Making of Modern Hawaii''. University of Hawaii Press (2011) * ''Negro Comrades of the Crown: African Americans and the British Empire Fight the U.S. Before Emancipation.'' New York University Press (2013) * ''Black Revolutionary: William Patterson & the Globalization of the African American Freedom Struggle.''
University of Illinois Press The University of Illinois Press (UIP) is an American university press and is part of the University of Illinois System. Founded in 1918, the press publishes some 120 new books each year, thirty-three scholarly journals, and several electroni ...
(2013) * ''The Counter-Revolution of 1776: Slave Resistance and the Origins of the United States of America''. New York University Press (2014) * ''Race to Revolution: The U.S. and Cuba during Slavery and
Jim Crow The Jim Crow laws were state and local laws introduced in the Southern United States in the late 19th and early 20th centuries that enforced racial segregation, " Jim Crow" being a pejorative term for an African American. The last of the ...
''.
Monthly Review Press The ''Monthly Review'' is an independent Socialism, socialist magazine published monthly in New York City. Established in 1949, the publication is the longest continuously published socialist magazine in the United States. History Establishment ...
(2014) * ''Confronting Black Jacobins: The U.S., the Haitian Revolution and the Origins of the Dominican Republic''. Monthly Review Press (2015) *
Paul Robeson: The Artist as Revolutionary.
'
Pluto Press Pluto Press is a British independent book publisher based in London, founded in 1969. Pluto Press states that it publishes "radical, left‐wing non­‐fiction books", and is anti-capitalist and internationalist. It belongs to The Internat ...
(2016) * ''The Rise and Fall of the Associated Negro Press: Claude Albert Barnett's Pan-African News and the Jim Crow Paradox''. University of Illinois Press (2017) * ''Storming the Heavens: African Americans and the Early Struggle for the Right to Fly''. Black Classic Press (2017) * ''Facing the Rising Sun: African Americans, Japan, and the Rise of Afro-Asian Solidarity''. New York University Press (2018) * '' The Apocalypse of Settler Colonialism: The Roots of Slavery, White Supremacy, and Capitalism in Seventeenth-Century North America and the Caribbean''. Monthly Review Press (2018) * ''Jazz and Justice: Racism and the Political Economy of the Music''. Monthly Review Press (2019) * ''White Supremacy Confronted: U.S. Imperialism and Anti-Communism vs. the Liberation of Southern Africa from Rhodes to Mandela''. International Publishers (2019) * '' The Dawning of the Apocalypse: The Roots of Slavery, White Supremacy, Settler Colonialism, and Capitalism in the Long Sixteenth Century''. Monthly Review Press (2020) * ''The Bittersweet Science: Racism, Racketeering, and the Political Economy of Boxing''. International Publishers (2020) * ''The Counter-Revolution of 1836:  Texas Slavery & Jim Crow and the Roots of U.S. Fascism''. International Publishers (2022) * ''Armed Struggle? Panthers and Communists; Black Nationalists and Liberals in Southern California through the Sixties and Seventies'' International Publishers (2024)


See also

* Black and Brown: African Americans and the Mexican Revolution, 1910-1920 * List of African-American United States Senate candidates


References


External links


University of Houston faculty page
* ; Recorded speeches and interviews *
On The Global Civil Rights Struggle
at the conference, ''The Long Civil Rights Movement: Histories, Politics, Memories,'' given by the Southern Oral History Program, April 2–4, 2009 (Video)
On Shirley Graham Du Bois
at the Graduate Center for Worker Education at Brooklyn College (Video)
On the Red Scare and the Hollywood Blacklist
on NPR
Horne challenges the mainstream narrative of US history
(August 2014). Six-part discussion, '' The Real News''
all TRNN segments

"Counter-Revolution of 1776": Was U.S. Independence War a Conservative Revolt in Favor of Slavery?
on ''
Democracy Now! ''Democracy Now!'' is an hour-long TV, radio, and Internet news program based in Manhattan and hosted by journalists Amy Goodman (who also acts as the show's executive producer), Juan González, and Nermeen Shaikh. The show, which airs live ...
'', June 27, 2014
The Summit of the Americas in the Context of US Imperialism
(April 2015). "Scholar and activist Gerald Horne traces modern-day US foreign policy in Latin America to its colonial roots." '' The Real News''
Police Killings Won't Stop Until U.S. Comes to Grips with its Racist Foundations
''The Real News.'' July 8, 2016.
Historian: "You Can't Disconnect History of the 2nd Amendment From the History of White Supremacy"
on ''
Democracy Now! ''Democracy Now!'' is an hour-long TV, radio, and Internet news program based in Manhattan and hosted by journalists Amy Goodman (who also acts as the show's executive producer), Juan González, and Nermeen Shaikh. The show, which airs live ...
'', July 12, 2016
all DN! segments

Appearances
on ''On the Ground'' radio show
One Historian's Journey
2011 essay in The Journal of African American History {{DEFAULTSORT:Horne, Gerald 20th-century African-American academics 21st-century African-American academics 20th-century American academics 21st-century American academics 20th-century American historians 21st-century American historians African-American historians Historians of African Americans Historians of the United States Historians of colonialism Historians of communism Labor historians American Marxist historians American political writers Black studies scholars University of Houston faculty Anti-imperialists African-American candidates for the United States Senate American Book Award winners Columbia University alumni Princeton University alumni UC Berkeley School of Law alumni American male non-fiction writers 21st-century American male writers 1949 births Living people