George Hillocks Jr.
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George Hillocks Jr. (June 15, 1934 - November 12, 2014) was an emeritus professor in the Department of Education, with a joint appointment in the Department of English Language and Literature at the
University of Chicago The University of Chicago (UChicago, Chicago, or UChi) is a Private university, private research university in Chicago, Illinois, United States. Its main campus is in the Hyde Park, Chicago, Hyde Park neighborhood on Chicago's South Side, Chic ...
. He received in 2011 the James R. Squire Award of the
National Council of Teachers of English The National Council of Teachers of English (NCTE) is a United States professional organization dedicated to "improving the teaching and learning of English and the language arts English studies (or simply, English) is an academic discip ...
for having "a transforming influence and akinga lasting intellectual contribution to the profession." He also received many other major awards (see below). His teaching career included the preparation of English teachers in the Master of Arts in Teaching program, and the mentoring of Ph.D. students in the doctoral program, at the University of Chicago. After retiring from the University he continued to present seminars and workshops for writing teachers across the US. His primary research interests centered on the teaching of writing, literature, and language in middle and high school English classes, and on large-scale writing assessment. When not teaching and writing, he was an accomplished
bagpipe Bagpipes are a woodwind instrument using enclosed reeds fed from a constant reservoir of air in the form of a bag. The Great Highland bagpipes are well known, but people have played bagpipes for centuries throughout large parts of Europe, No ...
player, performing frequently for
Chicago Chicago is the List of municipalities in Illinois, most populous city in the U.S. state of Illinois and in the Midwestern United States. With a population of 2,746,388, as of the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, it is the List of Unite ...
audiences and in international competitions.


Education

He received his
B.A. A Bachelor of Arts (abbreviated B.A., BA, A.B. or AB; from the Latin ', ', or ') is the holder of a bachelor's degree awarded for an undergraduate program in the liberal arts, or, in some cases, other disciplines. A Bachelor of Arts degree ...
in
English English usually refers to: * English language * English people English may also refer to: Culture, language and peoples * ''English'', an adjective for something of, from, or related to England * ''English'', an Amish ter ...
,
College of Wooster {{Infobox university , image = College of Wooster seal.png , image_upright = .6 , name = The College of Wooster , former_names = University of Wooster (1866–1915) , motto ...
,
Wooster, Ohio Wooster ( ) is a city in Wayne County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. Located in northeastern Ohio, the city lies approximately south-southwest of Cleveland, southwest of Akron and west of Canton. The population was 27,232 at the ...
, 1956,
M.A. A Master of Arts ( or ''Artium Magister''; abbreviated MA or AM) is the holder of a master's degree awarded by universities in many countries. The degree is usually contrasted with that of Master of Science. Those admitted to the degree have ...
in
English English usually refers to: * English language * English people English may also refer to: Culture, language and peoples * ''English'', an adjective for something of, from, or related to England * ''English'', an Amish ter ...
,
Case Western Reserve University Case Western Reserve University (CWRU) is a Private university, private research university in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. It was established in 1967 by a merger between Western Reserve University and the Case Institute of Technology. Case ...
, 1958,
Diploma A diploma is a document awarded by an educational institution (such as a college or university) testifying the recipient has graduated by successfully completing their courses of studies. Historically, it has also referred to a charter or offi ...
in
English Studies English studies (or simply, English) is an academic discipline taught in primary, secondary, and post-secondary education in English-speaking countries. This is not to be confused with English taught as a foreign language, which is a dis ...
,
University of Edinburgh The University of Edinburgh (, ; abbreviated as ''Edin.'' in Post-nominal letters, post-nominals) is a Public university, public research university based in Edinburgh, Scotland. Founded by the City of Edinburgh Council, town council under th ...
,
Scotland Scotland is a Countries of the United Kingdom, country that is part of the United Kingdom. It contains nearly one-third of the United Kingdom's land area, consisting of the northern part of the island of Great Britain and more than 790 adjac ...
, 1959. He attended
Harvard University Harvard University is a Private university, private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. Founded in 1636 and named for its first benefactor, the History of the Puritans in North America, Puritan clergyma ...
,
Graduate School of Education Graduate may refer to: Education * The subject of a graduation, i.e. someone awarded an academic degree ** Alumni, a former student who has either attended or graduated from an institution * High school graduate, someone who has completed high ...
,
summer Summer or summertime is the hottest and brightest of the four temperate seasons, occurring after spring and before autumn. At or centred on the summer solstice, daylight hours are the longest and darkness hours are the shortest, with day ...
, 1961.
Ph.D. A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD, DPhil; or ) is a terminal degree that usually denotes the highest level of academic achievement in a given discipline and is awarded following a course of graduate study and original research. The name of the deg ...
in
English English usually refers to: * English language * English people English may also refer to: Culture, language and peoples * ''English'', an adjective for something of, from, or related to England * ''English'', an Amish ter ...
,
Case Western Reserve University Case Western Reserve University (CWRU) is a Private university, private research university in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. It was established in 1967 by a merger between Western Reserve University and the Case Institute of Technology. Case ...
,
Cleveland Cleveland is a city in the U.S. state of Ohio and the county seat of Cuyahoga County. Located along the southern shore of Lake Erie, it is situated across the Canada–U.S. maritime border and approximately west of the Ohio-Pennsylvania st ...
,
Ohio Ohio ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders Lake Erie to the north, Pennsylvania to the east, West Virginia to the southeast, Kentucky to the southwest, Indiana to the ...
, 1970-- Dissertation: The Synthesis of
Art Art is a diverse range of cultural activity centered around ''works'' utilizing creative or imaginative talents, which are expected to evoke a worthwhile experience, generally through an expression of emotional power, conceptual ideas, tec ...
and
Ethic Ethics is the philosophy, philosophical study of Morality, moral phenomena. Also called moral philosophy, it investigates Normativity, normative questions about what people ought to do or which behavior is morally right. Its main branches inclu ...
in ''
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''


Teaching career

Hillocks began his teaching career teaching secondary English in the
Euclid, Ohio Euclid is a city in Cuyahoga County, Ohio, United States. Located on the southern shore of Lake Erie, it is an Inner suburb, inner ring suburb of Cleveland. The population was 49,692 at the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, making it the fo ...
public schools from 1956-1965. He then held various positions at
Bowling Green State University Bowling Green State University (BGSU) is a Public university, public research university in Bowling Green, Ohio, United States. The main academic and residential campus is south of Toledo, Ohio. The university has nationally recognized progr ...
from 1967 to 1971. He moved to the
University of Chicago The University of Chicago (UChicago, Chicago, or UChi) is a Private university, private research university in Chicago, Illinois, United States. Its main campus is in the Hyde Park, Chicago, Hyde Park neighborhood on Chicago's South Side, Chic ...
in 1971 as assistant professor and remained there for the remainder of his career, rising through the ranks to Full Professor in 1985 until his retirement in 2003.


Publications

Hillocks's publications mostly focus on what happens in the classroom. His publications include the first NCTE Theory into Practice book, ''Observing and Writing.'' Using this model, his students have written seven additional books in the TIP/TRIP series. His review of research from 1963–1983, ''Research on Written Composition'' remains one of the most frequently referenced publications in composition studies, having been cited over 600 times. His publication ''Teaching Writing as Reflective Practice'' won the Russell Award for Distinguished Research presented by NCTE. ''The Testing Trap'' provides a critique of large-scale writing assessments. More recently, ''Narrative Writing: Learning a New Model for Teaching'' won NCTE's Richard Meade award for excellence in writing in the field of English Education.


Books

* Hillocks, G. (2011). ''Teaching argument writing, grades 6-12: Supporting claims with relevant evidence and clear reasoning.'' Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann

* Hillocks, G. (2007). ''Narrative writing: Learning a new model for teaching''. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann

* Hillocks, G. (2002). ''The testing trap: How state writing assessments control learning''. New York: Teachers College Pres

*Hillocks, G. (1999). ''Ways of thinking, ways of teaching''. New York: Teachers College Pres

*Hillocks, G. (1995). ''Teaching writing as reflective practice''. New York: Teachers College Pres

*Hillocks, G. (1986). ''Research on written composition: New directions for teaching''. Urbana, IL: National Conference on Research in English and Educational Resources Information Cente

*Hillocks, G. (1972). ''Alternatives in English: A critical analysis of elective programs''. Urbana, IN: ERIC Clearinghouse on Reading and Communication Skills and National Council of Teachers of English. *Hillocks, G., McCabe, B., & McCampbell, J. F. (1970). The dynamics of English instruction. New York: Random House, 197


Monographs

*Hillocks, G., Smith, W. L., et al. (1986). Class size and English in the secondary school. Urbana: NCTE and ERIC.
Observing_and_Writing.pdf
Hillocks, G. (1975). Observing and writing. Urbana: ERIC and NCTE. *Hillocks, G. (1971). An evaluation of Project Apex: A nongraded phase-elective English program. Trenton (Michigan) Public Schools, tudy conducted and published under the auspices of USOE *Hillocks, G., Kinnick, B. J., et al. (1966). The school literary magazine. Champaign: National Council of Teachers of English. *Hillocks, G. (1965).Cooperative research project no. D-067: A comprehensive program in English for the 7th, 8th, and 9th grades. United States Office of Education.


Edited collections

* Hillocks, G. (1982). (Ed.). The English curriculum under fire: What are the real basics? Urbana, Il: National Council of Teachers of English. * Hillocks, G. (Ed.) ( 1974.). Cutlass and rapier: A collection of satire. Reprinted as The last laugh. New York: Scholastic Book Services. * Hillocks, G. & Shugrue, M. (Eds.). (1965). Classroom practices in teaching English, Champaign: National Council of Teachers of English. * Hillocks, G. & McCampbell, J.F. (Eds.). (1965). Talks on the teaching of English. Euclid, Ohio: Project English Demonstration Center. Distributed by NCTE. * Hillocks, G. & McCampbell, J. F. (Eds.). (1964). An introduction to a curriculum. Euclid, Ohio: Project English Demonstration Center. * Hillocks, G.& Shugrue, M. (Eds.)(1964). Patterns and models for teaching English. Champaign: National Council of Teachers of English.


Honors and awards


Fellowships

* Fellow, American Educational Research Association 2009 * Elected to National Academy of Education, 2000 * Fellow, Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences, Palo Alto, CA, 2000–2001 * Fellow, National Conference on Research in English (now NCRLL), 1987


Research and service awards

* The Richard Meade Award for distinguished research in English education for the book Narrative Writing: Learning a New Model for Teaching November 2008. * Distinguished Service Award from the National Council of Teachers of English 2004 * Outstanding Academic Work Award from Choice for The Testing Trap, 2003 * Thomas R. Watson Visiting Distinguished Professor of Rhetoric and Composition, Spring Semester, 2000, University of Louisville * David H. Russell Award from NCTE for Distinguished Research in the Teaching of English for the book ''Teaching Writing as Reflective Practice'' 1997 * National Education Association Pacemaker Award for Euclid Central English Curriculum, 1965


Biographical listings

*Listed in Who’s Who in the World, 2001 edition *Listed in Who’s Who in America, 2002- 2009 editions *Listed in Who’s Who in American Education, 2007 edition


Leadership of national organizations

*President, National Conference on Research on Language and Literacy, 2000–2001 *Vice-president of National Conference on Research in Language and Literacy, 1999–2000 *Chair, NCTE Standing Committee on Research


References


External links


Warranting Argument Across the Curriculum: A Conversation with George Hillocks, Jr.George Hillocks, University of Chicago: Procedural Knowledge and Writing InstructionHillocks finds that standardized writing assessments may be harmful to children’s learningResearch-Based Instructional Strategies in Writing Instruction - A summary of the work of George Hillocks, Writing as Reflective PracticePersonal Memorial Site
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hillocks, George 1934 births 2014 deaths American academics of English literature Case Western Reserve University alumni Cleveland State University faculty Harvard Graduate School of Education alumni University of Chicago faculty Bowling Green State University faculty