GeoGebra (a

portmanteau In linguistics, a blend—also known as a blend word, lexical blend, or portmanteau—is a word formed by combining the meanings, and parts of the sounds, of two or more words together.

of ''geometry'' and ''algebra'') is an interactive geometry,

algebra Algebra is a branch of mathematics that deals with abstract systems, known as algebraic structures, and the manipulation of expressions within those systems. It is a generalization of arithmetic that introduces variables and algebraic ope ...

statistics Statistics (from German language, German: ', "description of a State (polity), state, a country") is the discipline that concerns the collection, organization, analysis, interpretation, and presentation of data. In applying statistics to a s ...

and

calculus Calculus is the mathematics, mathematical study of continuous change, in the same way that geometry is the study of shape, and algebra is the study of generalizations of arithmetic operations. Originally called infinitesimal calculus or "the ...

application, intended for learning and teaching mathematics and science from primary school to university level. GeoGebra is available on multiple platforms, with apps for desktops (

Windows Windows is a Product lining, product line of Proprietary software, proprietary graphical user interface, graphical operating systems developed and marketed by Microsoft. It is grouped into families and subfamilies that cater to particular sec ...

macOS macOS, previously OS X and originally Mac OS X, is a Unix, Unix-based operating system developed and marketed by Apple Inc., Apple since 2001. It is the current operating system for Apple's Mac (computer), Mac computers. With ...

and

Linux Linux ( ) is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an kernel (operating system), operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991, by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically package manager, pac ...

), tablets ( Android,

iPad The iPad is a brand of tablet computers developed and marketed by Apple Inc., Apple that run the company's mobile operating systems iOS and later iPadOS. The IPad (1st generation), first-generation iPad was introduced on January 27, 2010. ...

and

) and

web Web most often refers to: * Spider web, a silken structure created by the animal * World Wide Web or the Web, an Internet-based hypertext system Web, WEB, or the Web may also refer to: Computing * WEB, a literate programming system created by ...

. It is presently owned by Indian edutech firm

Byju's Byju's (stylised as BYJU'S) is an Indian multinational educational technology company, headquartered in Bengaluru. It was founded in 2011 by Byju Raveendran and Divya Gokulnath. As of October 2024, various media outlets reported that Byju's v ...

History

GeoGebra's creator, Markus Hohenwarter, started the project in 2001 as part of his master's thesis at the

University of Salzburg The University of Salzburg (, ), also known as the Paris Lodron University of Salzburg (''Paris-Lodron-Universität Salzburg'', PLUS), is an Austrian public university in Salzburg, Salzburg municipality, Salzburg (federal state), Salzburg State, ...

. After a successful

Kickstarter Kickstarter, PBC is an American Benefit corporation, public benefit corporation based in Brooklyn, New York City, that maintains a global crowdfunding platform focused on creativity. The company's stated mission is to "help bring creative project ...

campaign, GeoGebra expanded its offering to include an

, an Android and a

Windows Store app Universal Windows Platform (UWP) apps (formerly named Windows Store apps, Metro-style apps and Modern apps) are applications that can be used across all compatible Microsoft Windows devices. They are primarily purchased and downloaded via the ...

version. In 2013, GeoGebra incorporated Bernard Parisse's Xcas into its CAS view. The project is now

freeware Freeware is software, often proprietary, that is distributed at no monetary cost to the end user. There is no agreed-upon set of rights, license, or EULA that defines ''freeware'' unambiguously; every publisher defines its own rules for the free ...

(with

open-source Open source is source code that is made freely available for possible modification and redistribution. Products include permission to use and view the source code, design documents, or content of the product. The open source model is a decentrali ...

portions) and multi-lingual, and Hohenwarter continues to lead its development at the University of Linz. GeoGebra includes both commercial and not-for-profit entities that work together from the head office in Linz, Austria, to expand the software and cloud services available to users. In December 2021, GeoGebra was acquired by edtech conglomerate

for approximately $100 million USD. On January 25, 2024, lenders began bankruptcy proceedings against GeoGebra's parent company Byju's in an effort to repay its loans. On February 1, 2024, Byju's U.S. division filed for

Chapter 11 bankruptcy Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code ( Title 11 of the United States Code) permits reorganization under the bankruptcy laws of the United States. Such reorganization, known as Chapter 11 bankruptcy, is available to every business, w ...

in Delaware. Byju's would raise around $200 million in an effort to clear "immediate liabilities" and for other operational costs.

Features

GeoGebra is an interactive mathematics software suite for learning and teaching

science, technology, engineering, and mathematics Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) is an umbrella term used to group together the distinct but related technical disciplines of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. The term is typically used in the context of ...

from primary school up to the university level. Constructions can be made with points, vectors, segments, lines, polygons, conic sections, inequalities, implicit polynomials and functions, all of which can be edited dynamically later. Elements can be entered and modified using mouse and touch controls, or through an input bar. GeoGebra can store variables for numbers, vectors and points, calculate derivatives and integrals of functions, and has a full complement of commands like Root or Extremum. Teachers and students can use GeoGebra as an aid in formulating and proving geometric conjectures. GeoGebra's main features are: * Interactive geometry environment (2D and 3D) * Built-in

spreadsheet A spreadsheet is a computer application for computation, organization, analysis and storage of data in tabular form. Spreadsheets were developed as computerized analogs of paper accounting worksheets. The program operates on data entered in c ...

* Built-in

computer algebra system A computer algebra system (CAS) or symbolic algebra system (SAS) is any mathematical software with the ability to manipulate mathematical expressions in a way similar to the traditional manual computations of mathematicians and scientists. The de ...

(CAS) * Built-in statistics and calculus tools * Scripting

hook A hook is a tool consisting of a length of material, typically metal, that contains a portion that is curved/bent back or has a deeply grooved indentation, which serves to grab, latch or in any way attach itself onto another object. The hook's d ...

s * Large number of interactive learning and teaching resources at GeoGebra Materials.

GeoGebra Materials platform

The GeoGebra Materials platformGeoGebra Materials: http://www.geogebra.org/materials is a cloud service that allows users to upload and share GeoGebra applets with others. GeoGebra Materials was originally launched as ''GeoGebraTube'' in June 2011, and was renamed in 2016. As of April 2016 the service hosts more than 1 million resources, 400,000+ of which are public. "Materials" include interactive worksheets, simulations, games and e-books created using GeoGebraBook. GeoGebra Materials can be also exported in several formats, including SVG,

Animated GIF The Graphics Interchange Format (GIF; or , ) is a Raster graphics, bitmap Image file formats, image format that was developed by a team at the online services provider CompuServe led by American computer scientist Steve Wilhite and released ...

Windows Metafile Windows Metafile (WMF) is an image file format originally designed for Microsoft Windows in the 1990s. The original Windows Metafile format was not device-independent (though could be made more so with placement headers) and may contain both vector ...

, PNG,

PDF Portable document format (PDF), standardized as ISO 32000, is a file format developed by Adobe Inc., Adobe in 1992 to present documents, including text formatting and images, in a manner independent of application software, computer hardware, ...

and

EPS An extended play (EP) is a Sound recording and reproduction, musical recording that contains more tracks than a Single (music), single but fewer than an album. Contemporary EPs generally contain up to eight tracks and have a playing time of 1 ...

, as well as copied directly to the clipboard. GeoGebra can also generate code for use in

LaTeX Latex is an emulsion (stable dispersion) of polymer microparticles in water. Latices are found in nature, but synthetic latices are common as well. In nature, latex is found as a wikt:milky, milky fluid, which is present in 10% of all floweri ...

files.

Licensing

Before version 4.2, GeoGebra was published under the

GNU General Public License The GNU General Public Licenses (GNU GPL or simply GPL) are a series of widely used free software licenses, or ''copyleft'' licenses, that guarantee end users the freedom to run, study, share, or modify the software. The GPL was the first ...

(GPL-3.0-or-later). After version 4.2 the licensing was changed. GeoGebra's source code, except the installers, web services, user interface image and style files, and documentation and language files, is licensed under the

(GPL-3.0-or-later). The installers and web services are released under GeoGebra's own

proprietary license Proprietary software is software that grants its creator, publisher, or other rightsholder or rightsholder partner a legal monopoly by modern copyright and intellectual property law to exclude the recipient from freely sharing the software or modi ...

. User interface image and style files, and documentation and language files are published under the Creative Commons NonCommercial license (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0). Commercial use is subject to a special license and collaboration agreement. Since parts of GeoGebra not licensed under a GPL compatible license are required to build the program, and since GeoGebra includes GPL licensed

libraries A library is a collection of Book, books, and possibly other Document, materials and Media (communication), media, that is accessible for use by its members and members of allied institutions. Libraries provide physical (hard copies) or electron ...

, some users, including a maintainer of one of the libraries used by GeoGebra, consider the license invalid. In response, the International GeoGebra Institute, and GeoGebra's creator, Markus Hohenwarter, have provided a license

FAQ A frequently asked questions (FAQ) list is often used in articles, websites, email lists, and online forums where common questions tend to recur, for example through posts or queries by new users related to common knowledge gaps. The purpose of a ...

Community

The International GeoGebra Institute (IGI) is the

nonprofit A nonprofit organization (NPO), also known as a nonbusiness entity, nonprofit institution, not-for-profit organization, or simply a nonprofit, is a non-governmental (private) legal entity organized and operated for a collective, public, or so ...

arm of the GeoGebra Group. The institute coordinates research, development, translation and deployment efforts of the GeoGebra system across a global network of user groups at universities and non-profit organizations, as well as provide certification to GeoGebra experts and trainers.

Awards

* Archimedes 2016: MNU Award in category Mathematics (

Hamburg, Germany Hamburg (, ; ), officially the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg,. is the List of cities in Germany by population, second-largest city in Germany after Berlin and List of cities in the European Union by population within city limits, 7th-lar ...

) * Microsoft Partner of the Year Award 2015: Finalist, Public Sector: Education ( Redmond, WA, USA) * MERLOT Award for Exemplary Online Learning Resources – MERLOT Classics 2013 (

Las Vegas Las Vegas, colloquially referred to as Vegas, is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Nevada and the county seat of Clark County. The Las Vegas Valley metropolitan area is the largest within the greater Mojave Desert, and second-l ...

, Nevada, USA) * NTLC Award 2010: National Technology Leadership Award 2010 (

Washington D.C. Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly known as Washington or D.C., is the capital city and federal district of the United States. The city is on the Potomac River, across from Virginia, and shares land borders with ...

, USA) * Tech Award 2009: Laureate in the Education Category ( San Jose, California, USA) * BETT Award 2009: Finalist in London for British Educational Technology Award * SourceForge.net Community Choice Awards 2008: Finalist, Best Project for Educators * AECT Distinguished Development Award 2008: Association for Educational Communications and Technology (

Orlando Orlando commonly refers to: * Orlando, Florida, a city in the United States Orlando may also refer to: People * Orlando (given name), a masculine name, includes a list of people with the name * Orlando (surname), includes a list of people wit ...

, USA) * Learnie Award 2006: Austrian Educational Software Award for "Wurfbewegungen mit GeoGebra" (

Vienna, Austria Vienna ( ; ; ) is the capital city, capital, List of largest cities in Austria, most populous city, and one of Federal states of Austria, nine federal states of Austria. It is Austria's primate city, with just over two million inhabitants. ...

) * eTwinning Award 2006: 1st prize for "Crop Circles Challenge" with GeoGebra ( Linz, Austria) * Les Trophées du Libre 2005: International Free Software Award, category Education (Soisson, France) * Comenius 2004: German Educational Media Award (Berlin, Germany) * Learnie Award 2005: Austrian Educational Software Award for "Spezielle Relativitätstheorie mit GeoGebra" (Vienna, Austria) * digita 2004: German Educational Software Award (Cologne, Germany) * Learnie Award 2003: Austrian Educational Software Award (Vienna, Austria) * EASA 2002: European Academic Software Award (Ronneby, Sweden)

References

External links

* * *
Development coordination site
{{Authority control Creative Commons-licensed works Educational math software Interactive geometry software Java platform software Companies that filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in 2024 Byju's