Genital reconstructive surgery may refer to: *

Clitoridectomy Clitoridectomy or clitorectomy is the surgical removal, reduction, or partial removal of the clitoris. It is rarely used as a therapeutic medical procedure, such as when cancer has developed in or spread to the clitoris. Commonly, non-medical rem ...

, any surgery to reduce or remove tissue from the clitoris *

Foreskin restoration Foreskin restoration or foreskin reconstruction refers to the process of recreating the foreskin of the penis, which has been removed by circumcision or injury. Foreskin restoration is primarily accomplished by stretching the residual skin of th ...

, a process of expanding penile skin to mimic the foreskin *

Hypospadias Hypospadias is a common malformation in fetal development of the penis in which the urethra does not open from its usual location on the head of the penis. It is the second-most common birth defect of the male reproductive system, affecting about ...

, surgery to modify the location of the urinary outlet on a phallus *

Intersex medical interventions Intersex medical interventions (IMI), sometimes known as intersex genital mutilations (IGM), are surgery, surgical, hormonal and other medical interventions performed to modify atypical or ambiguous genitalia and other sex characteristics, primar ...

, performed to modify atypical or ambiguous genitalia ** For a historical perspective, see

History of intersex surgery The history of intersex surgery is intertwined with the development of the specialities of pediatric surgery, pediatric urology, and pediatric endocrinology, with our increasingly refined understanding of sexual differentiation, with the develo ...

Labiaplasty Labiaplasty (also known as labioplasty, labia minora reduction, and labial reduction) is a plastic surgery procedure for creating or altering the labia minora (inner labia) and the labia majora (outer labia), the folds of skin of the human vu ...

, plastic surgery to alter the vulva's folds of skin *

Phalloplasty Phalloplasty (also called penoplasty) is the construction or reconstruction of a penis or the artificial modification of the penis by surgery. The term is also occasionally used to refer to penis enlargement. History Russian surgeon Nikolaj B ...

, the construction or reconstruction of a penis *

Metoidioplasty Metoidioplasty, metaoidioplasty, or metaidoioplasty (informally called a meto or meta) is a female-to-male gender-affirming surgery. Testosterone replacement therapy gradually enlarges the clitoris to a mean maximum size of (as the clitoris ...

, the construction of a penis from a hormonally-enlarged clitoris in female-to-male

sex reassignment surgery Gender-affirming surgery (GAS) is a surgical procedure, or series of procedures, that alters a person's physical appearance and sexual characteristics to resemble those associated with their gender identity. The phrase is most often associat ...

Sex reassignment surgery Gender-affirming surgery (GAS) is a surgical procedure, or series of procedures, that alters a person's physical appearance and sexual characteristics to resemble those associated with their gender identity. The phrase is most often associat ...

, to alter a person's existing sexual characteristics to resemble those of their identified gender **

Sex reassignment surgery (female-to-male) Masculinizing gender-affirming surgery for transgender men and transmasculine non-binary people includes a variety of surgical procedures that alter anatomical traits to provide physical traits more comfortable to the trans man's male identity a ...

, a variety of procedures for transgender men **

Sex reassignment surgery (male-to-female) Feminizing gender-affirming surgery for transgender women and transfeminine non-binary people describes a variety of surgical procedures that alter the body to provide physical traits more comfortable and affirming to an individual's gender iden ...

, a variety of procedures for transgender women *

Scrotoplasty Scrotoplasty, also known as oscheoplasty, is a type of surgery to create or repair the scrotum. Scientific research for male genital plastic surgery such as scrotoplasty began to develop in the early 1900s. The development of testicular implants ...

, the construction or reconstruction of a scrotum *

Vaginoplasty Vaginoplasty is any surgical procedure that results in the construction or reconstruction of the vagina. It is a type of genitoplasty. Pelvic organ prolapse is often treated with one or more surgeries to repair the vagina. Sometimes a vaginoplas ...

, any type of surgical procedure to the vagina or related structures *

Vulvoplasty Vulvoplasty, also known as zero-depth vaginoplasty, is a plastic surgery procedure for altering the appearance of one's vulva or constructing a vulva from Human penis, penile and Scrotum, scrotal tissue (a neovulva). Surgery Reasons for vulvop ...

, the construction or reconstruction of a vulva

See also