Generator Sound Art was an experimental arts and culture organization based in

New York City New York, often called New York City (NYC), is the most populous city in the United States, located at the southern tip of New York State on one of the world's largest natural harbors. The city comprises five boroughs, each coextensive w ...

, co-owned by the sound artists Gen Ken Montgomery and Scott Konzelmann.Goldsmith, Kenneth. "Stairway To Eight Track Heaven". ''New York Press''. December 20–26, 2000. It focused upon the work of dedicated

Sound Art Sound art is an artistic activity in which sound is utilized as a primary Time-based media, time-based Artistic medium, medium or material. Like many genres of contemporary art, sound art may be interdisciplinary in nature, or be used in Cross-genr ...

ists, and was an

umbrella organization An umbrella organization is an association of (often related, industry-specific) institutions who work together formally to coordinate activities and/or pool resources. In business, political, and other environments, it provides resources and iden ...

that facilitated the activities of the Generator Gallery / exhibition space, the Generations Unlimited audio recording label, and a second,

eponym An eponym is a noun after which or for which someone or something is, or is believed to be, named. Adjectives derived from the word ''eponym'' include ''eponymous'' and ''eponymic''. Eponyms are commonly used for time periods, places, innovati ...

ous audio recording label. Generator as a physical gallery / exhibition space existed in the East Village and then in Chelsea from 1989 to 1992. The organization was non-

commercial Commercial may refer to: * (adjective for) commerce, a system of voluntary exchange of products and services ** (adjective for) trade, the trading of something of economic value such as goods, services, information or money * a dose of advertising ...

.Generator Sound Arts index.
Retrieved March 3, 2013. Profits earned from Generator-related activities are split between the artists and a fund to support future sound art projects. Generator's emphasis on handmade, self-released audio works derives from the "

cassette Cassette may refer to: Technology * Cassette (format) (or ''cassette tape''), a format that contains magnetic tape for audio, video, and data storage and playback * Compact Cassette, a worldwide standard for analog audio recording and playback ...

networking" or " Cassette culture" milieu of the 1980s–1990s,. The embrace of spontaneity and

unintended consequences In the social sciences, unintended consequences (sometimes unanticipated consequences or unforeseen consequences, more colloquially called knock-on effects) are outcomes of a purposeful action that are not intended or foreseen. The term was po ...

is another recurrent theme within Generator-affiliated work.

History

Gen Ken Montgomery

Generator's founder and proprietor Ken Montgomery (aka Gen Ken Montgomery) (born 1957) is a New York-based sound artist raised in

Churchville, Pennsylvania Churchville is a census-designated place (CDP) in Northampton Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 5,348 at the 2020 census. Geography According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Churchville has a total area of , of ...

,Dery, Mark, "Notes From The Underground." ''Keyboard.'' February 1990. where he studied

violin The violin, sometimes referred to as a fiddle, is a wooden chordophone, and is the smallest, and thus highest-pitched instrument (soprano) in regular use in the violin family. Smaller violin-type instruments exist, including the violino picc ...

in his late childhood and early teens. Since 1994, he has used the "Gen Ken" moniker for sound art / noise music (he also uses the

anagram An anagram is a word or phrase formed by rearranging the letters of a different word or phrase, typically using all the original letters exactly once. For example, the word ''anagram'' itself can be rearranged into the phrase "nag a ram"; which ...

matic moniker "Egnekn" for "more whimsical and especially

lamination Simulated flight (using image stack created by μCT scanning) through the length of a knitting needle that consists of laminated wooden layers: the layers can be differentiated by the change of direction of the wood's vessels Shattered windshi ...

-based projects.")Pinsent, Ed. "Lamination Rituals: An Encounter with Ken Montgomery." ''The Sound Projector'' #17 (2008–2009). As to the latter, Montgomery's "lamination ritual" is a staple of his performance oeuvre, described by the artist as "a people-participatory activity and sonic listening experience which stimulates the mind and body in-the-moment, while producing an original, tangible, transformed personal object that will last…almost forever." Among Montgomery's formative influences are the theories of composer

John Cage John Milton Cage Jr. (September 5, 1912 – August 12, 1992) was an American composer and music theorist. A pioneer of indeterminacy in music, electroacoustic music, and Extended technique, non-standard use of musical instruments, Cage was one ...

– particularly those outlined in Cage's 1961 collection of writings, ''

Silence Silence is the absence of ambient hearing, audible sound, the emission of sounds of such low sound intensity, intensity that they do not draw attention to themselves, or the state of having ceased to produce sounds; this latter sense can be exten ...

''Pinsent, Ed. "Gen Ken Montgomery: Music That Others Would Call Noise." ''The Sound Projector'' #10 (2002.) – and the participatory work ethic of the German

electronic music Electronic music broadly is a group of music genres that employ electronic musical instruments, circuitry-based music technology and software, or general-purpose electronics (such as personal computers) in its creation. It includes both music ...

ian (and

Joseph Beuys Joseph Heinrich Beuys ( ; ; 12 May 1921 – 23 January 1986) was a German artist, teacher, performance artist, and Aesthetics, art theorist whose work reflected concepts of humanism and sociology. With Heinrich Böll, , Caroline Tisdall, Rober ...

protégé Mentorship is the patronage, influence, guidance, or direction given by a mentor. A mentor is someone who teaches or gives help and advice to a less experienced and often younger person. In an organizational setting, a mentor influences the perso ...

)

Conrad Schnitzler Conrad "Conny" Schnitzler (17 March 1937 – 4 August 2011) was a prolific German experimental musician associated with West Germany's 1970s krautrock movement. A co-founder of West Berlin's Zodiak Free Arts Lab, he was an early member of Tang ...

(for whom Montgomery gave the first U.S. concerts, and first met during the sole

German German(s) may refer to: * Germany, the country of the Germans and German things **Germania (Roman era) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizenship in Germany, see also Ge ...

performance of 'KMZ' in 1982.) Having originally planned to work as a

filmmaker Filmmaking or film production is the process by which a Film, motion picture is produced. Filmmaking involves a number of complex and discrete stages, beginning with an initial story, idea, or commission. Production then continues through screen ...

– briefly studying at

NYU New York University (NYU) is a private research university in New York City, New York, United States. Chartered in 1831 by the New York State Legislature, NYU was founded in 1832 by Albert Gallatin as a non-denominational all-male institutio ...

for this purpose – Montgomery claims "I quickly discovered I was approaching ilmmakingwith the

soundtrack A soundtrack is a recorded audio signal accompanying and synchronised to the images of a book, drama, motion picture, radio program, television show, television program, or video game; colloquially, a commercially released soundtrack album of m ...

already in my mind." Montgomery worked, from the early 1980s until 1991, with traditional electronic music instruments such as

analog synthesizer An analog synthesizer () is a synthesizer that uses Analogue electronics, analog circuits and analog signals to generate sound electronically. The earliest analog synthesizers in the 1920s and 1930s, such as the Trautonium, were built with a var ...

s and cheap toys, originally recording this material under the project name "Gen Ken & The Equipment." The artist also enjoyed a period of access to a professional

recording studio A recording studio is a specialized facility for Sound recording and reproduction, recording and Audio mixing, mixing of instrumental or vocal musical performances, spoken words, and other sounds. They range in size from a small in-home proje ...

with synthesizers,

samplers Sampler may refer to: * Sampler (signal), a digital signal processing device that converts a continuous signal to a discrete signal * Sampler (needlework), a handstitched piece of embroidery used to demonstrate skill in needlework * Sampler (surna ...

and

signal processing Signal processing is an electrical engineering subfield that focuses on analyzing, modifying and synthesizing ''signals'', such as audio signal processing, sound, image processing, images, Scalar potential, potential fields, Seismic tomograph ...

equipment. At the end of this period of creativity, an interval of flagging inspiration led Montgomery to experiment with the use of quotidian household devices as instruments: these included an 'Ice-o-Matic' commercial

icemaker An icemaker, ice generator, or ice machine may refer to either a consumer device for making ice, found inside a home freezer; a stand-alone appliance for making ice, or an industrial machine for making ice on a large scale. The term "ice machin ...

which was used both in concert and in the CD recording ''Icebreaker''. This was not an abrupt shift in methodology, but rather a return to an expressive style previously experimented with. As he explains:

"In my East Village apartment in the late '70s, I remember throwing parties and instead of playing music I turned on kitchen appliances, tape players, fans, radios and a TV tuned between stations…I made my first installations before I knew that audio installations and sound art existed."''Pondfloorsample'' (booklet). Ken Montgomery. New York, New York. XI Records, 2002. XI 126

Other forays into appliance-based sound works included recordings and performances made with a Keystone Model 16CC

film projector A movie projector (or film projector) is an opto-mechanical device for displaying motion picture film by projecting it onto a screen. Most of the optical and mechanical elements, except for the illumination and sound devices, are present in ...

, a

radiator A radiator is a heat exchanger used to transfer thermal energy from one medium to another for the purpose of cooling and heating. The majority of radiators are constructed to function in cars, buildings, and electronics. A radiator is always a ...

, a

coffee maker A coffeemaker, coffee maker or coffee machine is a cooking appliance used to brew coffee. While there are many different types of coffeemakers, the two most common brewing principles use gravity or pressure to move hot water through coffee ...

, and a refrigerator (Montgomery claims that refrigerator recordings were originally made as a protest to his landlord about the excessive noise of the unit he then owned.) The 2002 double CD compilation ''Pondfloorsample'' collects much of the audio material created from re-appropriated devices and appliances. By 1994, citing another period of creative burnout, Montgomery took a sabbatical in

Europe Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and Asia to the east ...

and then set up residence in rural

Pennsylvania Pennsylvania, officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a U.S. state, state spanning the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern United States, Northeastern, Appalachian, and Great Lakes region, Great Lakes regions o ...

. This period saw the initiation of another project using found objects – the Eight Track Magic series of recordings – which were made of audio re-recorded from severely damaged eight track cassettes. Montgomery is also allied with the Kingdoms of

Elgaland-Vargaland Elgaland-Vargaland is a conceptual art project and micronation conceived and developed by Swedish artists Carl Michael von Hausswolff and Leif Elggren in 1992. It is also known by its acronym "KREV" (KonungaRikena Elgaland-Vargaland). Origin ...

micronation A micronation is a polity, political entity whose representatives claim that they belong to an independent nation or sovereign state, but which lacks legal recognition by any sovereign state. Micronations are classified separately from list o ...

established by artists

Leif Elggren Leif Elggren (born 1950, Linköping, Sweden), is a Swedish artist who lives and works in Stockholm. Active since the late 1970s, Leif Elggren has become one of the most constantly surprising conceptual artists to work in the combined worlds of a ...

and

Carl Michael von Hausswolff Carl Michael von Hausswolff (born 1956) is a composer, visual artist, and curator based in Stockholm, Sweden. His main tools are recording devices (camera, tape deck, radar, sonar) used in an ongoing investigation of electricity, frequency, ar ...

, for whom he oversees the Ministry of Lamination.

Generations Unlimited

The Generations Unlimited record and cassette

label A label (as distinct from signage) is a piece of paper, plastic film, cloth, metal, or other material affixed to a container or product. Labels are most often affixed to packaging and containers using an adhesive, or sewing when affix ...

was co-founded in 1987Trina, Daniel. "Generator: A New Sound Wave." '' Rutgers Review''. November 20, 1990. along with

Boston Boston is the capital and most populous city in the Commonwealth (U.S. state), Commonwealth of Massachusetts in the United States. The city serves as the cultural and Financial centre, financial center of New England, a region of the Northeas ...

sound artist David Prescott (who was also a partner in the Pogus Productions record label)Margolis, Al. “The Dave Prescott Interview.” ''Electronic Cottage.'' March 1990. and featured releases from an artist roster including

, Arcane Device,

Iancu Dumitrescu Iancu Dumitrescu (born 15 July 1944) is a Romanian Avant-garde music, avant-garde composer. Life and works Dumitrescu was born in Sibiu, Kingdom of Romania, Romania. He received a master's degree in composition in Bucharest, where his teache ...

and

Morphogenesis Morphogenesis (from the Greek ''morphê'' shape and ''genesis'' creation, literally "the generation of form") is the biological process that causes a cell, tissue or organism to develop its shape. It is one of three fundamental aspects of deve ...

. According to Prescott, the label formed in the wake of ongoing discussions between Schnitzler, Montgomery and himself, in which they "found that we had not only a lot in common, but particularly interesting differences which led to our each strengthening and developing out notions of music, art and life."David Prescott quoted in Margolis, 1990. As with other collaborative products involving Montgomery, the label was conceived as an alternative to both

New Age New Age is a range of Spirituality, spiritual or Religion, religious practices and beliefs that rapidly grew in Western world, Western society during the early 1970s. Its highly eclecticism, eclectic and unsystematic structure makes a precise d ...

currents of electronic music and also the more exclusively academic variations thereof (in a contemporaneous interview, Prescott stated that " urmusic exists between what is typically thought to be 'academic' and 'pop' oriented…the farther these labels have gone, the more it becomes apparent that this delineation doesn't exist." In lieu of an already existing musical categorization, Generations Unlimited products were marketed as "dramatic electronic music."

Generator Experimental Music Gallery

The Generator Experimental Music Gallery was founded on June 1, 1989, on 3rd & Avenue B in New York City's East Village.Generator Sound Art history.
Retrieved March 4, 2013.Krause, Adam. "Tapes From The Underground." ''Signal To Noise.'' Fall 2012. This was a multi-purpose arts space that hosted exhibitions, installations and performances of sound art, while also functioning as a

boutique A () is a retail shop that deals in high end fashionable clothing or accessories. The word is French for "shop", which derives ultimately from the Ancient Greek Ancient Greek (, ; ) includes the forms of the Greek language used in anc ...

shop and meeting place / information exchange. On this last count, the space was noted in particular for its connection to the 'Cassette Culture' networks of the 1980s and the 1990s, and for its status as a "centralized location where at least one segment of the cassette

underground Underground most commonly refers to: * Subterranea (geography), the regions beneath the surface of the Earth Underground may also refer to: Places * Buenos Aires Underground, a rapid transit system * London Underground, a rapid transit system * ...

could congregate": a rarity in an artistic milieu that otherwise relied upon postal communication and mini-media such as

fanzine A fanzine (blend word, blend of ''fan (person), fan'' and ''magazine'' or ''zine'') is a non-professional and non-official publication produced by enthusiasts of a particular cultural phenomenon (such as a literary or musical genre) for the pleas ...

s to initiate and maintain contacts. Montgomery stressed, in addition, that the Generator space not be "reduced to any one of these things," and encouraged a concept for the space that involved "'turning is

apartment An apartment (American English, Canadian English), flat (British English, Indian English, South African English), tenement (Scots English), or unit (Australian English) is a self-contained housing unit (a type of residential real estate) that ...

inside out'," or a blurring of

personal boundaries Personal boundaries or the act of setting boundaries is a Life skills, life skill that has been popularized by self help authors and support groups since the mid-1980s. Personal boundaries are established by changing one's own response to interp ...

in which "all the things he had previously done at home would be moved to a

storefront A storefront or shopfront is the facade or entryway of a retail store located on the ground floor or street level of a commercial building, typically including one or more display windows. A storefront functions to attract visual attention to a b ...

where anyone could walk in off the street and see what was happening." The foundation of the Generator space was partially inspired by Montgomery's trips to Europe, in which he encountered likeminded multi-purpose venues (citing the Staaltape cassette shop in

Amsterdam Amsterdam ( , ; ; ) is the capital of the Netherlands, capital and Municipalities of the Netherlands, largest city of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It has a population of 933,680 in June 2024 within the city proper, 1,457,018 in the City Re ...

and the Gelbe Musik in Berlin as significant influences in this regard):Ken Montgomery quoted in James, Robin (ed.)(1992). ''Cassette Mythos''. Autonomedia. p. 92. . "I saw all these kinds of places and every time I came back to New York I got very frustrated, because it seemed like there was nothing like that here."Faulkner, Tony. "Folk Music for the Nineties." ''Barnard Bulletin.'' April 6, 1992. Some of the distinguishing visual and interactive features of the Generator space were cassette players attached to the walls for visitors to record on, while aural experiments (e.g. Montgomery's claim of "several sound systems running simultaneously") occasionally took the place of simple playback of recordings. The basement of the space was set aside for performances once local curiosity about the space was piqued, and performances here regularly took place in complete or near-complete darkness. This space would eventually close in 1990 (its 1-year anniversary) owing to a number of converging factors, including the economic situation of the neighborhood's residents (i.e. their operating on little more than a subsistence income), and the propensity of the potential customers or visitors to already be sound producers themselves, and thus presumably less interested in buying new sound recordings. A second iteration of Generator, existing from June 1991 until June 1992 on 547 West 20th Street in the Chelsea district, differed from the original space in many salient respects. As opposed to being a ground floor / streetside space in a commercial district – making it suitable for "walk-ins" – the newer space was in a heavily

industrialized Industrialisation ( UK) or industrialization ( US) is the period of social and economic change that transforms a human group from an agrarian society into an industrial society. This involves an extensive reorganisation of an economy for the ...

zone with scant pedestrian traffic. Exhibiting hours were from 12-6pm on Saturdays and 2-6pm on Sundays, while personal visits could also be arranged via appointment. Given this decreased likelihood of visits from strangers, the 'shop' aspect of Generator was de-emphasized in favor of its role as a performance and exhibition space. Like the original Generator, though, the inspiration for its establishment lay partially in Montgomery's trans-Atlantic communications and collaborations, and the perceived disparity in available performance and installation spaces in Europe. As he recalls,

"When I started thinking about the artists that I knew working with sound, and some of them had given shows in Europe and other places, and there was no real place for them in New York, I thought it would be exciting to invite these people to come and do it here."

Performances / live events

The following is an abridged chronology of public events to have taken place in the different Generator spaces from 1991 to 1992. Exhibitions *June 1 – July 31, 1991: The Reincarnation of Generator – Arcane Device,

Alvin Lucier Alvin Augustus Lucier Jr. (May 14, 1931 – December 1, 2021) was an American experimental composer and sound artist. A long-time music professor at Wesleyan University in Middletown, Connecticut, Lucier was a member of the influential Sonic Ar ...

, CHOP SHOP, Gordon Monahan,

Laura Kikauka Laura Kikauka (born 1963, Hamilton, Ontario) is a Canadian installation and performance artist. Kikauka is known for her sculptural installations and performances incorporating found objects and electronics. Career and work Kikauka is known for ...

, Mary & Bill Buchen &

Ron Kuivila Ron Kuivila (born December 19, 1955) is an American sound artist from Boston, MA. He is primarily known for his sound installations, performances, and recorded materials that make use of computers, and for his contributions to the SuperCollider ...

*August 23 – September 8, 1991: Entropy – Tim Sweet, GX Jupitter-Larsen, Luigi-Bob Drake, Mariano Airaldi, Roxy Middquendorf & Scott Konzelmann *September 14 – October 6, 1991:

Nicolas Collins Nicolas Collins (born March 26, 1954, in New York City) is a composer of mostly electronic music, a sound artist and writer. He received his BA and MA from Wesleyan University, and his PhD from the University of East Anglia. Upon graduating from ...

, "Sputniks" *October 11 – November 16, 1991 Gordon Monahan ("Music From Nowhere"), Laura Kikauka ("Headspace") *November 24 – January 5, 1991:

, "Dolci Mura" *January 25 – March 1, 1992: Ken Butler, "Man's Angles" *March 20 – April 5, 1992: Gen Ken Montgomery, "Icebreaker" *April 10 – May 23, 1992:

Chop Shop A chop shop is a business, often mimicking a body shop, that illicitly disassembles stolen motor vehicles and sells their parts. Chop shops are often linked to car-theft rings as part of a broader organized crime enterprise. In the United Stat ...

, "Velocity & Vibration" Concerts *June 26, 1991: "Live Sound Manifestation" – Gordon Monahan, Laura Kikauka,

, Arcane Device, Charles Cohen, Bradley Eros, Jeanne Liotta, Leah Singer, Eric Schefter, Matty Jankowski, Gen Ken & Mariano Airaldi *August 23, 1991:

If, Bwana If, Bwana is the pseudonym of noise music artist Alan M. Margolis. History Al Margolis has been working under the musical pseudonym If, Bwana since New Year's Day 1984. The moniker is an acronym for "It's Funny, But We Are Not Amused." He has sin ...

(Al Margolis), Dan & Detta Andriano & Matty Jankowski, Trigger (

Fred Lonberg-Holm Fred Lonberg-Holm (born 1 October 1962) is an American cellist based in Chicago. He moved from New York City to Chicago in 1995. He refers to himself as the anti-cellist. Lonberg-Holm is most identified with playing free improvisation and free j ...

, Leslie Ross & Paul Hoskin) *August 24, 1991:

The Haters The Haters are a noise music and conceptual art troupe from the United States. Founded in 1979, they are one of the earliest acts in the modern noise scene. The group is primarily the work of the Hollywood, California-based musician, artist, ...

, Gen Ken *August 25, 1991: Charles Cohen,

*October 11, 1991:

Ben Neill Ben Neill (born November 14, 1957) is an American composer, trumpeter, producer, author, and educator. He is the inventor of the "Mutantrumpet", a hybrid electro-acoustic instrument. Early life, family and education Neill was born in Winston-Sa ...

, Ben Manley *October 12, 1991:

, Arcane Device *October 13, 1991: Mariano Airaldi & Gen Ken *December 29, 1991: GX Jupitter-Larsen, Busyditch,

Monty Cantsin Monty Cantsin is a multiple-use name that anyone can adopt, but has close ties to Neoism. Monty Cantsin was originally conceived as an "open pop star." In a philosophy anticipating that of free software and open source, anyone could perform in his ...

*February 28, 1992:

Ken Butler Kenneth Lee Butler (born August 3, 1948) is an American artist and musician, as well as an experimental musical instrument builder. His Hybrid musical instruments and other artworks explore the interaction and transformation of common and uncommo ...

& Dina Emerson *March 24, 1992: John Duncan *March 28, 1992: Michael Schell, Fast Forward &

Ikue Mori (born 17 December 1953), also known as Ikue Ile, is a drummer, electronic musician, composer, and graphic designer. Mori was awarded a "Genius grant" from the MacArthur Foundation in 2022. Biography Ikue Mori was born and raised in Japan. She sa ...

*April 24, 1992:

Paul Panhuysen Paul Panhuysen (21 August 1934 – 29 January 2015) was a Dutch composer, visual and sound artist. He founded and directed Het Apollohuis, an art space that functioned during the 80's and 90's having artists doing sound installations, sound sculp ...

*June 7, 1992 : Small Cruel Party / Wolfgang und Die Stuermer Generator crowd 1990

Upon the folding of the original Generator location, a Sunday evening performance series – "Generator at Webo" – was initiated at the Webo performance space as a means of offering further events in the spirit of the original Generator series. A

CD-R CD-R (Compact disc-recordable) is a digital media, digital optical disc data storage device, storage format. A CD-R disc is a compact disc that can only be Write once read many, written once and read arbitrarily many times. CD-R discs (CD-Rs) ...

archive of past Generator performances is also maintained by Montgomery, who makes these archival materials available for sale via the official Generator Sound Arts web presence. These discs are taken from the same source material as the original 'Live at Generator' cassette series, in which each release included a chrome cassette, a photograph, and a story relating to the performance from which the recording was taken. In 2015, Montgomery released a special limited edition cassette that he curated called ''Master Cactus''.

Artists Throwing Money Out The Window

"Artists Throwing Money Out The Window" is a Generator Sound Arts sub-label focusing more exclusively on conceptual recordings, non-music and "irritainment." Items in the catalog include a CD recording of

WFMU WFMU (91.1 MHz) is a non-commercial educational station, non-commercial, listener-supported, independent radio, independent community radio station city of license, licensed to East Orange, New Jersey, with studios in Jersey City. It is owned by ...

disc jockey A disc jockey, more commonly abbreviated as DJ, is a person who plays recorded music for an audience. Types of DJs include Radio personality, radio DJs (who host programs on music radio stations), club DJs (who work at nightclubs or music fes ...

Fabio Roberti's car muffler, a CD of

16mm 16 mm film is a historically popular and economical gauge of film. 16 mm refers to the width of the film (about inch); other common film gauges include 8 mm and 35 mm. It is generally used for non-theatrical (e.g., industrial, ...

educational film An educational film is a film or movie whose primary purpose is to educate. Educational films have been used in classrooms as an alternative to other teaching methods. History Determining which films should count as the first educational fil ...

soundtracks curated by AV Geeks, and a CD jewel case containing no playable media inside. Not all A.T.M.O.T.W. releases are done in this mold, however: the compilation release ''Links Outta Here'' is a selection of material recorded in tribute to the late Abigail Lavine.Various Artists: Links Outta Here CD compilation.
Retrieved March 4, 2013.

References

External links

* * (episode 3 on this list)
The Ministry of Lamination
*

Kenneth Goldsmith Kenneth Goldsmith (born 1961) is an American poetry, poet and critic. He is the founding editor of UbuWeb and an artist-in-residence at the Center for Programs in Contemporary Writing (CPCW) at the University of Pennsylvania, where he teaches. He ...

br>review
of Ken Montgomery's "8 Track Magic" audio project
Ken Montgomery interviewed about Conrad Schnitzler, ARTonAIR.org
{{Coord, 40.74536, -73.99887, type:landmark_globe:earth_region:US-NY, display=title Defunct art museums and galleries in Manhattan Cassette culture 1970s–1990s Sound art