Gender modality is the relationship between one's gender and the sex that they were assigned at birth. For example, someone who is assigned female at birth (AFAB) and identifies as a woman has a

cisgender The word ''cisgender'' (often shortened to ''cis''; sometimes ''cissexual'') describes a person whose gender identity corresponds to their sex assigned at birth, i.e., someone who is not ''transgender''. The prefix '' cis-'' is Latin and ...

gender modality. The term was first coined by Florence Ashley in 2022 to describe the "broad category which includes being trans enderand being cis

ender Ender is a masculine Turkish given name, derived from the Arabic word Andar (اندر) meaning extremely rare. It is also a family name, prevalent in families of German or Austrian origin and, as a surname, it is derived from the Middle High Germ ...

" The term was intended to be analogous to

sexual orientation Sexual orientation is an enduring personal pattern of romantic attraction or sexual attraction (or a combination of these) to persons of the opposite sex or gender, the same sex or gender, or to both sexes or more than one gender. Patterns ar ...

and to allow "space to reflect on" the relationship between gender identity and gender assigned at birth for non-binary people, people of diverse cultural backgrounds, and people with disassociative identity disorder. The term has been applied in trans health and education literature, and by governments and courts.

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