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The Gate of Lima () was a monumental gate in the
historic centre of Lima The Historic Centre of Lima () is the historic city centre of the city of Lima, the capital of Peru. Located in the city's districts of Lima and Rímac, both in the Rímac Valley, it consists of two areas: the first is the Monumental Zone est ...
,
Peru Peru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the east by Brazil, in the southeast by Bolivia, in the south by Chile, and in the south and west by the Pac ...
. Built in 1700, it was located on the southern end of Trujillo Bridge, which connected the neighbourhood of
San Lázaro San Lázaro is a town in the Concepción department of Paraguay. Located 660 km from Asunción and 190 km from departmental capital Concepción, its population was 9060 in 2002. Located at the confluence of rivers Paraguay and Apa. Th ...
with central Lima. It was burned down on April 10, 1879, by the
Chile Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in western South America. It is the southernmost country in the world and the closest to Antarctica, stretching along a narrow strip of land between the Andes, Andes Mountains and the Paci ...
an baker Cornelio Granados, five days after the
War of the Pacific The War of the Pacific (), also known by War of the Pacific#Etymology, multiple other names, was a war between Chile and a Treaty of Defensive Alliance (Bolivia–Peru), Bolivian–Peruvian alliance from 1879 to 1884. Fought over Atacama Desert ...
formally began between Chile and Peru.


History

The arch was a
stone In geology, rock (or stone) is any naturally occurring solid mass or aggregate of minerals or mineraloid matter. It is categorized by the minerals included, its Chemical compound, chemical composition, and the way in which it is formed. Rocks ...
and
brick A brick is a type of construction material used to build walls, pavements and other elements in masonry construction. Properly, the term ''brick'' denotes a unit primarily composed of clay. But is now also used informally to denote building un ...
structure that stood on the south side of the ''
Puente de Piedra The Bridge of Stone () is a 17th-century bridge in Lima, Peru, that connects the districts of Lima and Rímac, both part of the city's historic centre. Built by architect An architect is a person who plans, designs, and oversees the construc ...
'', in front of the Royal Houses (''Casas Reales''). It was built in the '' Plazuela de Los Desamparados'' in 1700 during the government of Viceroy Melchor Portocarrero Lasso de la Vega. In 1738, a bronze statue of King
Philip V Philip V may refer to: * Philip V of Macedon (221–179 BC) * Philip V of France (1293–1322) * Philip II of Spain, also Philip V, Duke of Burgundy (1526–1598) * Philip V of Spain Philip V (; 19 December 1683 – 9 July 1746) was List of Sp ...
, made by the sculptor , was installed at the top. This installation is described by
Ricardo Palma Manuel Ricardo Palma Soriano (February 7, 1833 – October 6, 1919) was a Peruvian author, scholar, librarian and politician. His magnum opus is the '' Tradiciones peruanas''. Biography According to the official account, Manuel Ricardo Pa ...
in his book ''
Peruvian Traditions ''Peruvian Traditions'' () is a compendium of some of the writings of the Peruvian writer Ricardo Palma. Introduction The writings, which are collectively known as the ''Tradiciones'', started appearing in 1863 in newspapers and magazines. They a ...
''. The arch broke down on several occasions due to several earthquakes that devastated the city. In the earthquake of 1746, the statue of the Spanish monarch was destroyed and the arch was left in a ruinous state. In the 1760s, during the government of Viceroy
Manuel de Amat y Junyent Manuel de Amat y Junyent, OSJ, OM () (March 1707 – February 14, 1782) was a Spanish military officer and colonial administrator. He was the Royal Governor of the Captaincy General of Chile from December 28, 1755, to September 9, 1761, and V ...
, the structure was repaired and the clock in one of the towers of the church of San Pedro was installed in the place where a statue of Our Lady of Bethlehem had been. A sandglass was installed where the statue of Philip V had been. In 1852, during the presidency of
José Rufino Echenique José Rufino Pompeyo Echenique Benavente (November 16, 1808 – June 16, 1887) served as the 12th President of Peru from 1851 to 1855. He participated in the Peruvian War of Independence and the Peruvian Civil Wars of 1834 and 1843–44. Eche ...
, a new monumental clock illuminated from the inside and visible from both sides, which was donated by the
Jesuits The Society of Jesus (; abbreviation: S.J. or SJ), also known as the Jesuit Order or the Jesuits ( ; ), is a religious order (Catholic), religious order of clerics regular of pontifical right for men in the Catholic Church headquartered in Rom ...
, was installed. During the Republic, the arch was abandoned and entered into a certain decline. Only until 1868, during the government of
José Balta José Balta y Montero (25 April 1814 – 26 July 1872) was a Peruvian soldier and politician who served as the 19th President of Peru from 1868 to 1872. He was the son of John Balta Bru and Agustina Montero Casafranca. In 1865, he aided Ma ...
, was the arch restored. However, just over a decade later, both the clock and the oak wood from which the arch was made were destroyed when a
fire Fire is the rapid oxidation of a fuel in the exothermic chemical process of combustion, releasing heat, light, and various reaction Product (chemistry), products. Flames, the most visible portion of the fire, are produced in the combustion re ...
started by the Chilean baker Cornelio Granados consumed them in the early hours of April 10, 1879. His wife, Maiz Sara Bossellar, a
Dutch Dutch or Nederlands commonly refers to: * Something of, from, or related to the Netherlands ** Dutch people as an ethnic group () ** Dutch nationality law, history and regulations of Dutch citizenship () ** Dutch language () * In specific terms, i ...
woman who was the daughter of a refiner at an hacienda in Palpa and had married him before the age of 15, left him as a result.


See also

* Walls of Lima


References

{{Lima landmarks History of Lima Buildings and structures completed in the 18th century Buildings and structures completed in 1700 18th century in Peru Demolished buildings and structures in Peru