''Gastrolobium'' is a
genus
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...
of
flowering plant
Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (). The term angiosperm is derived from the Ancient Greek, Greek words (; 'container, vessel') and (; 'seed'), meaning that the seeds are enclosed with ...
s in the family
Fabaceae
Fabaceae () or Leguminosae,[International Code of Nomen ...](_blank)
. There are over 100 species in this genus, and all but two are native to the
south west region of
Western Australia
Western Australia (WA) is the westernmost state of Australia. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean to the north and west, the Southern Ocean to the south, the Northern Territory to the north-east, and South Australia to the south-east. Western Aust ...
.
A significant number of the species accumulate
monofluoroacetate (the key ingredient of the
poison
A poison is any chemical substance that is harmful or lethal to living organisms. The term is used in a wide range of scientific fields and industries, where it is often specifically defined. It may also be applied colloquially or figurati ...
known commonly as 1080), which caused introduced/non native animal deaths from the 1840s in Western Australia. The controversy over the cause of the stock poisoning in that time involved the botanist
James Drummond in a series of tests to ascertain the cause of the poisoning, which was determined to be caused primarily by the plants York Road poison (''G. calycinum'') and Champion Bay poison (''G. oxylobioides'').
In the 1930s and 1940s
C.A. Gardner and
H.W. Bennetts identified other species in Western Australia, leading to the publication of ''The Toxic Plants of Western Australia'' in 1956.
The base
chromosome number
Ploidy () is the number of complete sets of chromosomes in a cell, and hence the number of possible alleles for autosomal and pseudoautosomal genes. Here ''sets of chromosomes'' refers to the number of maternal and paternal chromosome copies, ...
of ''Gastrolobium'' is 2''n'' = 16.
Species
''Gastrolobium'' comprises the following species:
''Gastrolobium bilobum'' Group
* ''
Gastrolobium acrocaroli
''Gastrolobium acrocaroli'' is an erect open shrub that is endemic to an isolated location in the south-west of Western Australia. It is a member of the family Fabaceae, grows to 2.7 metres high and produces orange yellow pea-flowers in either A ...
''
G. Chandler & Crisp
* ''
Gastrolobium bilobum''
R.Br.—Heart-leaved poison
* ''
Gastrolobium brevipes
''Gastrolobium brevipes'', also known as ''Hill Wallflower Poison'', is a shrub that is endemic to the Central Ranges region of Western Australia, Northern Territory and South Australia. It is a member of the family Fabaceae, grows to 2.5 metr ...
''
Crisp-Hill Wallflower Poison
* ''
Gastrolobium callistachys
''Gastrolobium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. There are over 100 species in this genus, and all but two are native to the south west region of Western Australia.
A significant number of the species accumulate monofluo ...
''
Meisn.—Rock poison
* ''
Gastrolobium congestum
''Gastrolobium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. There are over 100 species in this genus, and all but two are native to the south west region of Western Australia.
A significant number of the species accumulate monofluo ...
''
G. Chandler & Crisp
* ''
Gastrolobium cuneatum
''Gastrolobium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. There are over 100 species in this genus, and all but two are native to the south west region of Western Australia.
A significant number of the species accumulate monofluo ...
''
Henfry—River poison
* ''
Gastrolobium grandiflorum
''Gastrolobium grandiflorum'', commonly known as wallflower poison, wallflower poison bush or heart-leaf poison bush, is a bushy shrub which is endemic to Australia.
It grows to 2 or 3 metres in height and between late summer and early winter ...
''
F.Muell.—Wallflower poison
* ''
Gastrolobium graniticum
''Gastrolobium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. There are over 100 species in this genus, and all but two are native to the south west region of Western Australia.
A significant number of the species accumulate monofluo ...
''
(S.Moore) Crisp—Granite poison
* ''
Gastrolobium involutum''
G. Chandler & Crisp
* ''
Gastrolobium semiteres''
G. Chandler & Crisp
* ''
Gastrolobium stenophyllum''
Turcz.—Phillips River poison, Narrow-leaved poison
* ''
Gastrolobium tergiversum''
G. Chandler & Crisp
''Gastrolobium parviflorum'' Subgroup
* ''
Gastrolobium discolor''
G. Chandler, Crisp & R.J. Bayer
* ''
Gastrolobium melanocarpum''
G. Chandler & Crisp
* ''
Gastrolobium musaceum''
G. Chandler & Crisp
* ''
Gastrolobium parviflorum''
(Benth.) Crisp—Box poison
* ''
Gastrolobium tetragonophyllum''
(E.Pritz.) Crisp—Brother-brother
''Gastrolobium calycinum'' Group
* ''
Gastrolobium appressum
''Gastrolobium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. There are over 100 species in this genus, and all but two are native to the south west region of Western Australia.
A significant number of the species accumulate monofluo ...
''
C.A.Gardner—Scaleleaf poison
* ''
Gastrolobium calycinum''
Benth.—York Road poison
* ''
Gastrolobium hamulosum''
Meisn.—Hook Point poison
* ''
Gastrolobium oxylobioides
''Gastrolobium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. There are over 100 species in this genus, and all but two are native to the south west region of Western Australia.
A significant number of the species accumulate monofluo ...
''
Benth.—Champion Bay poison
* ''
Gastrolobium racemosum
''Gastrolobium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. There are over 100 species in this genus, and all but two are native to the south west region of Western Australia.
A significant number of the species accumulate monofluo ...
''
(Turcz.) Crisp—Net-leaved poison
* ''
Gastrolobium reflexum''
G. Chandler & Crisp
* ''
Gastrolobium rigidum
''Gastrolobium rigidum'' (common name rigid-leaf poison) is a small bushy shrub in the pea family (Fabaceae), native to Western Australia.
It was first described as ''Oxylobium rigidum'' by Charles Gardner in 1964. It was transferred to the ge ...
''
(C.A.Gardner) Crisp—Rigid leaf poison
* ''
Gastrolobium spectabile''
(Endl.) Crisp—Roe's poison
* ''
Gastrolobium tenue''
G. Chandler & Crisp
''Gastrolobium celsianum'' Group
* ''
Gastrolobium bracteolosum
''Gastrolobium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. There are over 100 species in this genus, and all but two are native to the south west region of Western Australia.
A significant number of the species accumulate monofluo ...
''
(F. Muell.) G. Chandler & Crisp
* ''
Gastrolobium celsianum
''Gastrolobium celsianum'', the Swan River pea, is a low-growing shrub which is endemic (ecology), endemic to Western Australia.
It is a member of the pea family Fabaceae and of the genus ''Gastrolobium'', which contains many toxic species; how ...
''
(Lem.) G. Chandler & Crisp—Swan River pea
* ''
Gastrolobium formosum''
(Kippist ex Lindl.) G. Chandler & Crisp
* ''
Gastrolobium leakeanum
''Gastrolobium leakeanum'', commonly known as the mountain pea, is a plant in the pea family Fabaceae that is endemic to a small area in the south-west of Western Australia. It is an erect or sprawling shrub to about high, with red to orange ...
''
Drumm.—Mountain pea
* ''
Gastrolobium luteifolium''
(Domin) G. Chandler & Crisp
* ''
Gastrolobium melanopetalum''
(F. Muell.) G. Chandler & Crisp
* ''
Gastrolobium minus
''Gastrolobium minus'', also known as broad-leaved brachysema, is a prostrate shrub which is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a member of the family Fabaceae and of the genus ''Gastrolobium'', which contains many toxic spe ...
''
(Crisp) G. Chandler & Crisp
* ''
Gastrolobium modestum''
(Crisp) G. Chandler & Crisp
* ''
Gastrolobium mondurup''
G. Chandler & Crisp
* ''
Gastrolobium papilio''
(Crisp) G. Chandler & Crisp
* ''
Gastrolobium praemorsum''
(Meisn.) G. Chandler & Crisp
* ''
Gastrolobium rubrum
''Gastrolobium rubrum'' is a shrub in the family Fabaceae. It is endemic to the south west of Western Australia
Western Australia (WA) is the westernmost state of Australia. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean to the north and west, the South ...
''
(Crisp) G. Chandler & Crisp
* ''
Gastrolobium sericeum''
(Sm.) G. Chandler & Crisp
* ''
Gastrolobium subcordatum''
(Benth.) G. Chandler & Crisp
* ''
Gastrolobium vestitum''
(Domin) G. Chandler & Crisp
''Gastrolobium cruciatum'' Group
* ''
Gastrolobium cruciatum''
G. Chandler & Crisp
* ''
Gastrolobium epacridoides''
Meisn.
* ''
Gastrolobium punctatum''
(Turcz.) G. Chandler & Crisp
* ''
Gastrolobium reticulatum
''Gastrolobium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. There are over 100 species in this genus, and all but two are native to the south west region of Western Australia.
A significant number of the species accumulate monofluo ...
''
(Meisn.) Benth.
''Gastrolobium floribundum'' Group
* ''
Gastrolobium crassifolium''
Benth.—Thick-leaved poison
* ''
Gastrolobium diabolophyllum''
G. Chandler, Crisp & R.J. Bayer
* ''
Gastrolobium floribundum''
S.Moore—Wodjil poison
* ''
Gastrolobium glaucum
''Gastrolobium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. There are over 100 species in this genus, and all but two are native to the south west region of Western Australia.
A significant number of the species accumulate monofluo ...
''
C.A.Gardner—Spike poison
* ''
Gastrolobium hians''
G.Chandler & Crisp
* ''
Gastrolobium laytonii''
Jean White—Breelya, Kite-leaved poison
* ''
Gastrolobium microcarpum''
(Meisn.) Benth.—Sandplain poison
* ''
Gastrolobium parvifolium''
Benth.—Berry poison
* ''
Gastrolobium polystachyum''
Meisn.—Horned poison, Hill River poison
* ''
Gastrolobium propinquum
''Gastrolobium propinquum'' is a shrub in the family Fabaceae, endemic to the Southwest Australia savanna region, which is toxic to many animals. It has been given the common name Hutt River poison.
Description
A low growing and bushy shrub, r ...
''
C.A.Gardner—Hutt River poison
* ''
Gastrolobium pycnostachyum''
Benth.—Mount Ragged poison, Round-leaved poison
* ''
Gastrolobium velutinum''
Lindl. & Paxton—White gum poison, Stirling Range poison
''Gastrolobium heterophyllum'' Group
* ''
Gastrolobium heterophyllum''
(Turcz.) Crisp—Slender poison
* ''
Gastrolobium nutans
''Gastrolobium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. There are over 100 species in this genus, and all but two are native to the south west region of Western Australia.
A significant number of the species accumulate monofluo ...
''
G. Chandler & Crisp
* ''
Gastrolobium pusillum''
Crisp & P.H. Weston
''Gastrolobium ilicifolium'' Group
* ''
Gastrolobium ilicifolium''
Meisn.
* ''
Gastrolobium rhombifolium''
G. Chandler & Crisp
* ''
Gastrolobium tricuspidatum''
Meisn.
''Gastrolobium obovatum'' Group
* ''
Gastrolobium bennettsianum''
C.A.Gardner—Cluster poison
* ''
Gastrolobium brownii''
Meisn.
* ''
Gastrolobium hookeri''
Meisn.
* ''
Gastrolobium latifolium''
(R. Br.) G. Chandler & Crisp
* ''
Gastrolobium obovatum
''Gastrolobium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. There are over 100 species in this genus, and all but two are native to the south west region of Western Australia.
A significant number of the species accumulate monofluo ...
''
Benth.
* ''
Gastrolobium plicatum
''Gastrolobium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. There are over 100 species in this genus, and all but two are native to the south west region of Western Australia.
A significant number of the species accumulate monofluo ...
''
Turcz.
* ''
Gastrolobium pulchellum''
Turcz.
* ''
Gastrolobium spathulatum''
Benth.
* ''
Gastrolobium stowardii
''Gastrolobium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. There are over 100 species in this genus, and all but two are native to the south west region of Western Australia.
A significant number of the species accumulate monofluo ...
''
S. Moore
* ''
Gastrolobium truncatum
''Gastrolobium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. There are over 100 species in this genus, and all but two are native to the Southwest Australia, south west region of Western Australia.
A significant number of the species ...
''
Benth.
''Gastrolobium pyramidale'' Group
* ''
Gastrolobium coriaceum''
(Sm.) G. Chandler & Crisp
* ''
Gastrolobium crenulatum
''Gastrolobium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. There are over 100 species in this genus, and all but two are native to the south west region of Western Australia.
A significant number of the species accumulate monofluo ...
''
Turcz.
* ''
Gastrolobium pyramidale
''Gastrolobium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. There are over 100 species in this genus, and all but two are native to the south west region of Western Australia.
A significant number of the species accumulate monofluo ...
''
T.Moore
''Gastrolobium retusum'' Group
* ''
Gastrolobium acutum
''Gastrolobium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. There are over 100 species in this genus, and all but two are native to the south west region of Western Australia.
A significant number of the species accumulate monofluo ...
''
Benth.
* ''
Gastrolobium alternifolium''
G. Chandler & Crisp
* ''
Gastrolobium capitatum
''Gastrolobium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. There are over 100 species in this genus, and all but two are native to the Southwest Australia, south west region of Western Australia.
A significant number of the species ...
''
(Benth.) G. Chandler & Crisp
* ''
Gastrolobium crispatum
''Gastrolobium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. There are over 100 species in this genus, and all but two are native to the south west region of Western Australia.
A significant number of the species accumulate monofluo ...
''
G. Chandler & Crisp
* ''
Gastrolobium dorrienii''
(Domin) G. Chandler & Crisp
* ''
Gastrolobium ebracteolatum''
G. Chandler & Crisp
* ''
Gastrolobium effusum
''Gastrolobium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. There are over 100 species in this genus, and all but two are native to the south west region of Western Australia.
A significant number of the species accumulate monofluo ...
''
(M.D. Crisp & F.H. Mollemans) G. Chandler & Crisp
* ''
Gastrolobium linearifolium
''Gastrolobium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. There are over 100 species in this genus, and all but two are native to the south west region of Western Australia.
A significant number of the species accumulate monofluo ...
''
G. Chandler & Crisp
* ''
Gastrolobium nervosum
''Gastrolobium nervosum'' is a small shrub in the pea family (Fabaceae), native to Western Australia.
It was first described as ''Oxylobium nervosum'' by Carl Meissner in 1855. It was transferred to the genus, ''Gastrolobium'' in 2002 by Chand ...
''
(Meisn.) G. Chandler & Crisp
* ''
Gastrolobium retusum''
Lindl.
* ''
Gastrolobium stipulare''
Meisn.
* ''
Gastrolobium whicherensis''
G. Chandler & Crisp
''Gastrolobium spinosum'' Group
* ''
Gastrolobium aculeatum''
G. Chandler, Crisp & R.J. Bayer
* ''
Gastrolobium euryphyllum
''Gastrolobium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. There are over 100 species in this genus, and all but two are native to the south west region of Western Australia.
A significant number of the species accumulate monofluo ...
''
G. Chandler & Crisp
* ''
Gastrolobium spinosum''
Benth.—Prickly poison
** var. ''grandiflorum''
C.Gardner
** var. ''spinosum''
Benth.
** var. ''triangulare''
Benth.
** var. ''trilobum''
S. Moore
* ''
Gastrolobium triangulare''
(Benth.) Domin
* ''
Gastrolobium trilobum''
Benth.—Bullock poison
* ''
Gastrolobium wonganensis''
G. Chandler & Crisp
''Gastrolobium villosum'' Group
* ''
Gastrolobium densifolium''
C.A.Gardner—Mallet poison
* ''
Gastrolobium glabratum
''Gastrolobium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. There are over 100 species in this genus, and all but two are native to the south west region of Western Australia.
A significant number of the species accumulate monofluo ...
''
G. Chandler & Crisp
* ''
Gastrolobium ovalifolium''
Henfr.—Runner poison
* ''
Gastrolobium rotundifolium''
Meisn.—Gilbernine poison
* ''
Gastrolobium tomentosum
''Gastrolobium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. There are over 100 species in this genus, and all but two are native to the south west region of Western Australia.
A significant number of the species accumulate monofluo ...
''
C.A.Gardner—Woolly poison
* ''
Gastrolobium villosum
''Gastrolobium villosum'' (common name crinkle-leaf poison or crinkle-leaved poison) is a low spreading shrub in the pea family (Fabaceae), endemic to Western Australia. Like most Gastrolobiums it is poisonous to stock.
It was first described ...
''
Benth.—Crinkle-leaved poison
''Incertae Sedis''
* ''
Gastrolobium axillare
''Gastrolobium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. There are over 100 species in this genus, and all but two are native to the south west region of Western Australia.
A significant number of the species accumulate monofluo ...
''
Meisn.
* ''
Gastrolobium cyanophyllum''
G. Chandler & Crisp
* ''
Gastrolobium dilatatum
''Gastrolobium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. There are over 100 species in this genus, and all but two are native to the Southwest Australia, south west region of Western Australia.
A significant number of the species ...
''
(Benth.) G. Chandler & Crisp
* ''
Gastrolobium elegans''
G. Chandler & Crisp
* ''
Gastrolobium ferrugineum''
G. Chandler, Crisp & R.J. Bayer
* ''
Gastrolobium humile''
G. Chandler & Crisp
* ''
Gastrolobium lehmannii
''Gastrolobium lehmannii'', the Cranbrook pea, is a vulnerable shrub in the family Fabaceae which is endemic to an area of Western Australia.
Description
It is an erect domed shrub, growing to high with soft hairy branches and oblong leaves. T ...
''
Meisn.—Cranbrook pea
* ''
Gastrolobium nudum''
G. Chandler & Crisp
* ''
Gastrolobium venulosum
''Gastrolobium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. There are over 100 species in this genus, and all but two are native to the Southwest Australia, south west region of Western Australia.
A significant number of the species ...
''
G. Chandler & Crisp
Species names with uncertain taxonomic status
The status of the following species is unresolved:
* ''Gastrolobium boormani''
Maiden & Betche
* ''Gastrolobium compactum''
C.A. Gardner
* ''Gastrolobium elachistum''
F.Muell.
* ''Gastrolobium henfreyi''
Lem.
* ''Gastrolobium huegelii''
Henfr.
* ''Gastrolobium makoyanum''
Heynh.
* ''Gastrolobium revolutum''
Crisp
* ''Gastrolobium scorsifolium''
F.Muell.
* ''Gastrolobium splendens''
Heynh.
* ''Gastrolobium velutinum''
Lindl. ex J. Paxton
* ''Gastrolobium verticillatum''
Heynh.
* ''Gastrolobium whicherense''
G.Chandler & Crisp
* ''Gastrolobium wonganense''
G.Chandler & Crisp
See also
*
Western Shield Conservation Practices
Notes
References
Further reading
*
*
*
External links
*
FloraBase the Western Australia Flora: ''Gastrolobium''
{{Authority control
Fabaceae genera
Taxa named by Robert Brown (botanist, born 1773)
Endemic flora of Australia
Fabales of Australia