''Gallicolumba'' is a mid-sized

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial n ...

of ground-dwelling

dove Columbidae () is a bird family consisting of doves and pigeons. It is the only family in the order Columbiformes. These are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills that in some species feature fleshy ceres. They primaril ...

s (

family Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea ...

Columbidae) which occur in rainforests on the

Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...

. Local name 'punay' which is a general term for pigeons and doves. They are not closely related to the American ground doves ( genus ''Columbina'' and related genera). Rather, the present genus is closest to the thick-billed ground pigeon. This genus includes the bleeding-hearts known from the Philippines. Most are named for their vivid-red patch on the breast, which looks startlingly like a bleeding wound in some species and has reminded naturalists of a

dagger A dagger is a fighting knife with a very sharp point and usually two sharp edges, typically designed or capable of being used as a thrusting or stabbing weapon.State v. Martin, 633 S.W.2d 80 (Mo. 1982): This is the dictionary or popular-use de ...

stab. The diet of doves of this genus consists of fruits and seed.

Systematics and extinctions

''Gallicolumba'' might be ranked as a (very small) subfamily, but the available data suggests that they are better considered part of a quite

basal Basal or basilar is a term meaning ''base'', ''bottom'', or ''minimum''. Science * Basal (anatomy), an anatomical term of location for features associated with the base of an organism or structure * Basal (medicine), a minimal level that is nec ...

radiation In physics, radiation is the emission or transmission of energy in the form of waves or particles through space or through a material medium. This includes: * ''electromagnetic radiation'', such as radio waves, microwaves, infrared, vi ...

Columbidae Columbidae () is a bird family consisting of doves and pigeons. It is the only family in the order Columbiformes. These are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills that in some species feature fleshy ceres. They primarily ...

which consists of many small and often bizarre lineages (e.g. '' Goura'' and ''

Otidiphaps The pheasant pigeon (''Otidiphaps nobilis'') is a species of large terrestrial pigeon. It is the only species of the monotypic genus ''Otidiphaps''. The pheasant pigeon is found in the primary rainforests of New Guinea and nearby islands. It rang ...

'' which are

ecological Ecology () is the study of the relationships between living organisms, including humans, and their biophysical environment, physical environment. Ecology considers organisms at the individual, population, community (ecology), community, ecosy ...

ly convergent to

Galliformes Galliformes is an order of heavy-bodied ground-feeding birds that includes turkeys, chickens, quail, and other landfowl. Gallinaceous birds, as they are called, are important in their ecosystems as seed dispersers and predators, and are ofte ...

, and maybe even the famous

didine The Raphinae are a clade of extinct flightless birds formerly called didines or didine birds. They inhabited the Mascarene Islands of Mauritius and Rodrigues, but became extinct through hunting by humans and predation by introduced non-native ...

s (Raphinae). The genus contains seven species: * Sulawesi ground dove, ''Gallicolumba tristigmata'' * Cinnamon ground dove, ''Gallicolumba rufigula'' * Luzon bleeding-heart, ''Gallicolumba luzonica'' *

Mindanao bleeding-heart The Mindanao bleeding-heart (''Gallicolumba crinigera''), also known as Bartlett's bleeding heart dove, Barlett's bleeding heart pigeon and the hair-breasted bleeding heart, is a species of bird in the pigeon family. It is endemic to the Philippi ...

, ''Gallicolumba crinigera'' *

Mindoro bleeding-heart The Mindoro bleeding-heart (''Gallicolumba platenae''), also referred to as ''kulo-kulo,'' ''la-do'', ''manatad'', ''manuk-manuk'', ''punay'', and ''puñalada'' by the Mangyan, is a species of ground dove native solely to the island of Mindoro in ...

, ''Gallicolumba platenae'' * Negros bleeding-heart, ''Gallicolumba keayi'' * Sulu bleeding-heart, ''Gallicolumba menagei'' - possibly extinct (late 1990s?) Many of the Pacific ground doves were removed from ''Gallicolumba'' (which was non-

monophyletic In cladistics for a group of organisms, monophyly is the condition of being a clade—that is, a group of taxa composed only of a common ancestor (or more precisely an ancestral population) and all of its lineal descendants. Monophyletic ...

) and reassigned to the genus ''Alopecoenas'', which was later renamed ''

Pampusana ''Pampusana'' is a mid-sized genus of ground-dwelling doves (family Columbidae) which occur in rainforests in the Pacific region. They are not closely related to the American ground doves ( genus ''Columbina'' and related genera). Systematics an ...

''.

References

External links

{{Taxonbar, from=Q920895 Bird genera Taxa named by Johann Georg Heck Taxa described in 1849