Galectin-10 is an
enzyme
An enzyme () is a protein that acts as a biological catalyst by accelerating chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrate (chemistry), substrates, and the enzyme converts the substrates into different mol ...
that in humans is encoded by the ''CLC''
gene
In biology, the word gene has two meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity. The molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is transcribed to produce a functional RNA. There are two types of molecular genes: protei ...
.
Lysophospholipase
The enzyme lysophospholipase (EC 3.1.1.5) catalyzes the reaction
:2-lysophosphatidylcholine + H2O \rightleftharpoons glycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate
This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, specifically those acting on carboxylic ...
s are enzymes that act on biological membranes to regulate the multifunctional lysophospholipids. The protein encoded by this gene is a lysophospholipase expressed in
eosinophil
Eosinophils, sometimes called eosinophiles or, less commonly, acidophils, are a variety of white blood cells and one of the immune system components responsible for combating multicellular parasites and certain infections in vertebrates. Along wi ...
s and
basophil
Basophils are a type of white blood cell
White blood cells (scientific name leukocytes), also called immune cells or immunocytes, are cells of the immune system that are involved in protecting the body against both infectious disease and f ...
s. It hydrolyzes
lysophosphatidylcholine
Lysophosphatidylcholines (LPC, lysoPC), also called lysolecithins, are a class of chemical compounds which are derived from phosphatidylcholines.
Overview
Lysophosphatidylcholines are produced within cells mainly by the enzyme phospholipase ...
to
glycerophosphocholine and a free
fatty acid
In chemistry, in particular in biochemistry, a fatty acid is a carboxylic acid with an aliphatic chain, which is either saturated and unsaturated compounds#Organic chemistry, saturated or unsaturated. Most naturally occurring fatty acids have an ...
. This protein may possess carbohydrate or
IgE
Immunoglobulin E (IgE) is a type of antibody (or immunoglobulin (Ig) " isoform") that has been found only in mammals. IgE is synthesised by plasma cells. Monomers of IgE consist of two heavy chains (ε chain) and two light chains, with the ε ...
-binding activities. It is both structurally and functionally related to the
galectin family of
beta-galactoside
A galactoside is a glycoside containing galactose. The H of the OH group on carbon-1 of galactose is replaced by an organic moiety.
Depending on whether the glycosidic bond lies "above" or "below" the plane of the galactose molecule, galactosides ...
binding proteins. It may be associated with inflammation and some
myeloid leukemia
Myeloid leukemia is a type of leukemia affecting myeloid tissue.
Types include:
* Acute myeloid leukemia: A cancer of the myeloid line of blood cells, characterized by the rapid growth of myeloblasts that build up in the bone marrow and blood and ...
s.
See also
*
Charcot–Leyden crystals
References
Further reading
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External links
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