The General Motors H platform (or H-body) is an
automobile platform used by
subcompact car
Subcompact car is a North American Car classification, classification for cars smaller than a compact car. It is broadly equivalent to the B-segment (Europe), supermini (Great Britain) or A0-class (China) classifications.
According to the Unite ...
s from the 1971 to 1980 model years. The first subcompact car design developed by GM, the rear-wheel drive H platform initially underpinned the
Chevrolet Vega
The Chevrolet Vega is a Subcompact car, subcompact automobile manufactured and marketed by General Motors, GM's Chevrolet division from 1970 until 1977. Available in two-door hatchback, notchback, station wagon, wagon, and sedan delivery body st ...
and its
Pontiac Astre
The Pontiac Astre is a Subcompact car, subcompact automobile that was marketed by Pontiac (automobile), Pontiac as a badge engineering, rebadged variant of the Chevrolet Vega. Initially marketed in Canada for model years 1973–1974, the Astre deb ...
counterpart. For 1975, the H platform was expanded from entry-level vehicles to
sport compacts, adding the
Chevrolet Monza,
Buick Skyhawk
The Buick Skyhawk is an automobile produced by Buick in two generations for the 1975 through 1989 model years.
The first generation (1975–1980) were two-door hatchbacks using the subcompact, rear-wheel drive GM H platform (RWD), H-body platfo ...
,
Oldsmobile Starfire, and
Pontiac Sunbird.
In contrast to the globally-developed
T platform (later sold alongside it), the H-platform was sold nearly exclusively in North America.
Following the
downsizing of its larger car lines (the
B-body full-size,
A-body intermediate,
E-body personal luxury), GM moved to redesign the rest of its major model lines. Following the 1980 shift of the
X-body compacts to front-wheel drive, the H platform ended production for the 1980 model year. For 1982, the H-body vehicles were replaced by the front-wheel drive
J-body; while again shrinking in length, the interiors of the J-body vehicles grew in size, becoming compact-segment vehicles.
From 1986 to 1999, the H platform designation was revived for front-wheel drive full-size sedans of the Buick, Oldsmobile, and Pontiac divisions.
Development
While primarily intended for the Chevrolet Vega, the H platform was not developed by the Chevrolet Division itself, but became the first vehicle architecture developed by a centralized GM design and engineering team.
Replacing two subcompact cars separately in development by Chevrolet and Pontiac, development of the H-body began in 1968. In slightly over two years, GM sought to develop its first subcompact with a sub-2000 pound curb weight, an all-aluminum engine, and priced at or less than the Volkswagen Beetle; assembly of the vehicle was to be primarily automated.
Design overview

The unibody H-platform is rear-wheel drive, using a 97-inch wheelbase.
Scaling down the design of larger GM platforms, the H platform uses unequal-length A-arm front suspension; the rear suspension is a coil-spring solid rear axle.
The fourth character in the Vehicle Identification Number
(VIN) for an H-body car is "H".
Body design
For 1971, the Chevrolet Vega was introduced in four body styles, including a two-door sedan, a three-door hatchback and a three-door station wagon and panel delivery. For 1973, the front bumper was relocated forward; for 1974, both front bumpers were redesigned.
The Pontiac Astre was introduced for 1973, styled with a different front grille from the Vega. Initially exclusive to Canada, Pontiac released the Astre in the United States for 1975.
For 1975, the Chevrolet Monza was introduced as a three-door hatchback, alongside the Buick Skyhawk, and Oldsmobile Starfire; a two-door notchback coupe was introduced during the model year. For 1976, the Pontiac Sunbird was introduced, sharing the body of the Monza notchback coupe; a Sunbird hatchback was introduced during 1976 (the Skyhawk and Starfire were only offered as hatchbacks).
For 1978, the Vega and Astre were discontinued, with the station wagon body style rebadged as a Monza and Sunbird wagon; the station wagon was dropped for 1980.
Powertrain details
The Chevrolet Vega was introduced with a Chevrolet-designed 140 cubic-inch inline-4 engine; while using an aluminum engine block, the cylinder head was of cast-iron construction. The later
Chevrolet Cosworth Vega
The Chevrolet Cosworth Vega is a subcompact car, subcompact four-passenger automobile produced by Chevrolet for the 1975 and 1976 model years. It is a limited-production, high-performance version of the Chevrolet Vega.
Chevrolet developed the c ...
was fitted with a 122 cubic-inch all-aluminum inline-4. An advanced design for the time, the
Cosworth Vega engine used dual overhead camshafts, 4 valves per cylinder, and electronic fuel injection; in total, 5000 engines were assembled for 1975.
For 1975, the introduction of the Chevrolet Monza saw the introduction of V8 engines to H platform (not offered in the Vega and Astre). In 1975, the H-platform also adopted a Buick-designed 231 cubic-inch V6. For 1978, the 140 cubic-inch inline-4 was replaced by a Pontiac-designed 151 cubic-inch inline-4 (later known as the
"Iron Duke" engine).
In addition to the Cosworth Vega engine, the H platform served in the development of several advanced GM engine designs. In 1972, a prototype Vega powered by a 302 cubic-inch aluminum-block V8 (derived from
CERV I) was tested, but did not progress to production.
[Hot Rod magazine-July 1972] While the Vega served in its development, the GM-rotary Wankel engine
(GMRCA) was intended to be a key feature of the Chevrolet Monza hatchback and its counterparts; following its 1974 cancellation, the GMRCA was replaced by 262 and 305 cubic-inch Chevrolet V8s.
Models
See also
*
Chevrolet Vega
The Chevrolet Vega is a Subcompact car, subcompact automobile manufactured and marketed by General Motors, GM's Chevrolet division from 1970 until 1977. Available in two-door hatchback, notchback, station wagon, wagon, and sedan delivery body st ...
*
Chevrolet Cosworth Vega
The Chevrolet Cosworth Vega is a subcompact car, subcompact four-passenger automobile produced by Chevrolet for the 1975 and 1976 model years. It is a limited-production, high-performance version of the Chevrolet Vega.
Chevrolet developed the c ...
*
Pontiac Astre
The Pontiac Astre is a Subcompact car, subcompact automobile that was marketed by Pontiac (automobile), Pontiac as a badge engineering, rebadged variant of the Chevrolet Vega. Initially marketed in Canada for model years 1973–1974, the Astre deb ...
*
Chevrolet Monza
*
Pontiac Sunbird
*
Buick Skyhawk
The Buick Skyhawk is an automobile produced by Buick in two generations for the 1975 through 1989 model years.
The first generation (1975–1980) were two-door hatchbacks using the subcompact, rear-wheel drive GM H platform (RWD), H-body platfo ...
*
Oldsmobile Starfire
References
External links
H-Body.OrgH-body.se - Swedish H-Body registry{{General Motors platforms
H 1