GMAC ResCap, Inc., earlier Residential Funding Company LLC and Residential Capital Corporation, was a residential

mortgage loan A mortgage loan or simply mortgage (), in civil law (legal system), civil law jurisdictions known also as a hypothec loan, is a loan used either by purchasers of real property to raise funds to buy real estate, or by existing property owners t ...

originator and servicer based in

Minneapolis Minneapolis is a city in Hennepin County, Minnesota, United States, and its county seat. With a population of 429,954 as of the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, it is the state's List of cities in Minnesota, most populous city. Locat ...

Minnesota Minnesota ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Upper Midwestern region of the United States. It is bordered by the Canadian provinces of Manitoba and Ontario to the north and east and by the U.S. states of Wisconsin to the east, Iowa to the so ...

. It was a subsidiary of GMAC (now

Ally Financial Ally Financial Inc. (known as GMAC until 2010) is an American bank holding company incorporated in Delaware and headquartered at Ally Detroit Center in Detroit, Michigan. The company provides financial services including car finance, online bank ...

). As a result of its exposure to

subprime lending In finance, subprime lending (also referred to as near-prime, subpar, non-prime, and second-chance lending) is the provision of loans to people in the United States who may have difficulty maintaining the repayment schedule. Historically, subpr ...

during the

subprime mortgage crisis The American subprime mortgage crisis was a multinational financial crisis that occurred between 2007 and 2010, contributing to the 2008 financial crisis. It led to a severe economic recession, with millions becoming unemployed and many busines ...

, the company filed for

bankruptcy Bankruptcy is a legal process through which people or other entities who cannot repay debts to creditors may seek relief from some or all of their debts. In most jurisdictions, bankruptcy is imposed by a court order, often initiated by the deb ...

protection in 2012 and underwent

liquidation Liquidation is the process in accounting by which a Company (law), company is brought to an end. The assets and property of the business are redistributed. When a firm has been liquidated, it is sometimes referred to as :wikt:wind up#Noun, w ...

in December 2013.

History

In 1982, Residential Funding Company LLC was formed as a subsidiary of

Northwest Bank Northwest Bank is a bank headquartered in Warren, Pennsylvania. It is the leading subsidiary of Northwest Bancshares, Inc., a bank holding company, and operates 170 branch (banking), branches in central and Western Pennsylvania, Western Pennsylva ...

. It began operations in 1986. In 1990, the company was acquired by GMAC Mortgage Corporation. In 2005, GMAC (now

), a subsidiary of

General Motors General Motors Company (GM) is an American Multinational corporation, multinational Automotive industry, automotive manufacturing company headquartered in Detroit, Michigan, United States. The company is most known for owning and manufacturing f ...

, transferred ownership of GMAC Mortgage Corporation and Residential Funding Corporation (GMAC-RFC) to Residential Capital Corporation (ResCap) and contributed $2 billion of equity. As of the end of 2006, the company had $48 billion, or 76% of its mortgage portfolio invested in subprime loans. In January 2007, the company eliminated 1,000 jobs. In October 2007, the company eliminated 3,000 jobs. At the beginning of 2007, the company had 14,000 employees. In May 2008, the company reported that it may run out of money. In June 2008, the company completed a $60 billion refinancing. On April 17, 2012, the company missed an interest payment. On May 14, 2012, the company filed for a pre-packaged bankruptcy that included the separation of the company from its parent, Ally Financial. On December 11, 2013, the company's Plan of Reorganization was approved by the bankruptcy court.

Litigation

In September 2008, after suffering heavy losses during the subprime crisis, New Jersey Carpenters Health Fund sued the company and the underwriters of residential mortgage-backed securities issued by affiliates of the company, claiming that the prospectuses and registration statements of the RMBS did not adequately disclose the risks, were misleading to investors, and violated securities law. The company settled for $100 million and the 3 underwriters,

Citigroup Citigroup Inc. or Citi (Style (visual arts), stylized as citi) is an American multinational investment banking, investment bank and financial services company based in New York City. The company was formed in 1998 by the merger of Citicorp, t ...

Goldman Sachs Group The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. ( ) is an American multinational investment bank and financial services company. Founded in 1869, Goldman Sachs is headquartered in Lower Manhattan in New York City, with regional headquarters in many international ...

and

UBS AG UBS Group AG (stylized simply as UBS) is a multinational Investment banking, investment bank and financial services firm founded and based in Switzerland, with headquarters in both Zurich and Basel. It holds a strong foothold in all major fina ...

, settled for $235 million, which was approved by the court in 2015.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Gmac-Rfc RFC Companies that filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in 2012 Defunct companies based in Minneapolis Defunct financial services companies of the United States Financial services companies disestablished in 2013 Financial services companies established in 1982 Mortgage lenders of the United States Subprime mortgage crisis Subprime mortgage lenders