The GHKL domain ( Gyrase, Hsp90, Histidine Kinase, MutL) is an evolutionary conserved

protein domain In molecular biology, a protein domain is a region of a protein's Peptide, polypeptide chain that is self-stabilizing and that Protein folding, folds independently from the rest. Each domain forms a compact folded Protein tertiary structure, thre ...

. It is an

ATPase ATPases (, Adenosine 5'-TriPhosphatase, adenylpyrophosphatase, ATP monophosphatase, triphosphatase, ATP hydrolase, adenosine triphosphatase) are a class of enzymes that catalyze the decomposition of ATP into ADP and a free phosphate ion or ...

domain found in several ATP-binding proteins such as histidine kinase, DNA gyrase B, topoisomerases, heat shock protein HSP90, phytochrome-like ATPases and DNA mismatch repair proteins. More information about this protein can be found at Protein of the Month: DNA Topoisomerase.

Structure

The fold of this domain consists of two layers, alpha/beta, which contain an 8-stranded mixed beta-sheet.

Subfamilies

* Heat shock protein Hsp90, N-terminal * Sensor histidine kinase NatK, C-terminal domain

Members

BCKDK Branched chain ketoacid dehydrogenase kinase (BCKDK) is an enzyme encoded by the BCKDK gene on chromosome 16. This enzyme is part of the mitochondrial protein kinases family and it is a regulator of the valine, leucine, and isoleucine catabolic ...

HSP90AA1 Heat shock protein HSP 90-alpha is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''HSP90AA1'' gene In biology, the word gene has two meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity. The molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides in ...

HSP90AB1 Heat shock protein HSP 90-beta also called HSP90beta is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''HSP90AB1'' gene. Function HSP90AB1 is a molecular chaperone. Chaperones are proteins that bind to other proteins, thereby stabilizing them in ...

HSP90B1 Heat shock protein 90kDa beta member 1 (HSP90B1), known also as endoplasmin, gp96, grp94, or ERp99, is a chaperone protein that in humans is encoded by the ''HSP90B1'' gene. HSP90B1 is an hsp90, HSP90 Homology (biology)#Paralogy, paralogue that i ...

MLH1 DNA mismatch repair protein Mlh1 or MutL protein homolog 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''MLH1'' gene located on chromosome 3. The gene is commonly associated with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer. Orthologs of human ...

MLH3 DNA mismatch repair protein Mlh3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''MLH3'' gene. Function This gene is a member of the MutL-homolog (MLH) family of DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes. MLH genes are implicated in maintaining genomic i ...

, MORC1,

MORC2 MORC family CW-type zinc finger protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''MORC2'' gene In biology, the word gene has two meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity. The molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotid ...

, MORC3, MORC4 *

PDK1 Pyruvate dehydrogenase lipoamide kinase isozyme 1, mitochondrial is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''PDK1'' gene. It codes for an isozyme of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK). Pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) is a part of a mitochondri ...

PDK2 Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase isoform 2 (PDK2) also known as pyruvate dehydrogenase lipoamide kinase isozyme 2, mitochondrial is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''PDK2'' gene. PDK2 is an isozyme of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase. Struc ...

PDK3 Pyruvate dehydrogenase lipoamide kinase isozyme 3, mitochondrial is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''PDK3'' gene. It codes for an isozyme of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase.The pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex is a nuclear-encoded m ...

PDK4 Pyruvate dehydrogenase lipoamide kinase isozyme 4, mitochondrial (PDK4) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''PDK4'' gene. It codes for an isozyme of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase. This gene is a member of the PDK/BCKDK protein kinase ...

PMS1 PMS1 protein homolog 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''PMS1'' gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene was identified by its homology to a yeast protein involved in DNA mismatch repair. A role for this protein in mismat ...

PMS2 Mismatch repair endonuclease PMS2 (postmeiotic segregation increased 2) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''PMS2'' gene. Function This gene is one of the PMS2 gene family members which are found in clusters on chromosome 7. Human ...

, PMS2L1, PMS2L11, PMS2L3, PMS4L *

TOP2A DNA topoisomerase IIα is a human enzyme encoded by the ''TOP2A'' gene. Topoisomerase IIα relieves topological DNA stress during transcription, condenses chromosomes, and separates chromatids. It catalyzes the transient breaking and rejoining o ...

TOP2B DNA topoisomerase 2-beta is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''TOP2B'' gene. Function This gene encodes a DNA topoisomerase, an enzyme that controls and alters the topologic states of DNA during transcription. This nuclear enzyme is ...

TRAP1 Heat shock protein 75 kDa, mitochondrial is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''TRAP1'' gene. Interactions TRAP1 has been shown to interact with EXT2, EXT1 and Retinoblastoma protein Retinoblastoma (Rb) is a rare form of cancer th ...

TRRAP Transformation/transcription domain-associated protein, also known as TRRAP, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''TRRAP'' gene. TRRAP belongs to the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related kinase protein family. Function TRRAP is an a ...

References

Protein domains {{protein-stub