GA-binding protein alpha chain is a
protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residue (biochemistry), residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including Enzyme catalysis, catalysing metab ...
that in humans is encoded by the ''GABPA''
gene
In biology, the word gene has two meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity. The molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is transcribed to produce a functional RNA. There are two types of molecular genes: protei ...
.
Function
This gene encodes one of three GA-binding protein
transcription factor
In molecular biology, a transcription factor (TF) (or sequence-specific DNA-binding factor) is a protein that controls the rate of transcription (genetics), transcription of genetics, genetic information from DNA to messenger RNA, by binding t ...
subunits which functions as a
DNA-binding subunit. Since this subunit shares identity with a subunit encoding the
nuclear respiratory factor 2 gene, it is likely involved in activation of
cytochrome c oxidase
The enzyme cytochrome c oxidase or Complex IV (was , now reclassified as a translocasEC 7.1.1.9 is a large transmembrane protein complex found in bacteria, archaea, and the mitochondria of eukaryotes.
It is the last enzyme in the Cellular respir ...
expression and nuclear control of
mitochondrial
A mitochondrion () is an organelle found in the cells of most eukaryotes, such as animals, plants and fungi. Mitochondria have a double membrane structure and use aerobic respiration to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is used ...
function. This subunit also shares identity with a subunit constituting the transcription factor E4TF1, responsible for expression of the
adenovirus E4 gene. Because of its chromosomal localization and ability to form
heterodimer
In biochemistry, a protein dimer is a macromolecular complex or multimer formed by two protein monomers, or single proteins, which are usually non-covalently bound. Many macromolecules, such as proteins or nucleic acids, form dimers. The word ...
s with other
polypeptide
Peptides are short chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. A polypeptide is a longer, continuous, unbranched peptide chain. Polypeptides that have a molecular mass of 10,000 Da or more are called proteins. Chains of fewer than twenty ...
s, this gene may play a role in the
Down syndrome phenotype
In genetics, the phenotype () is the set of observable characteristics or traits of an organism. The term covers the organism's morphology (physical form and structure), its developmental processes, its biochemical and physiological propert ...
.
Interactions
GABPA has been shown to
interact with
Host cell factor C1
Host cell factor 1 (HCFC1, HCF1, or HCF-1), also known as VP16-accessory protein, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''HCFC1'' gene.
Structure
HCF1 is a member of the highly conserved host cell factor family and encodes a protein wi ...
,
Sp1 transcription factor
Transcription factor Sp1, also known as specificity protein 1* is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''SP1'' gene.
Function
The protein encoded by this gene is a zinc finger transcription factor that binds to GC-rich motifs of many p ...
and
Sp3 transcription factor.
[
]
See also
* ETS transcription factor family
In the field of molecular biology, the ETS (E26 transformation-specific or Erythroblast Transformation Specific) family is one of the largest families of transcription factors and is unique to animals. There are 28 genes in humans, 27 in the mous ...
* GABPB2
References
Further reading
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
External links
*
Transcription factors
{{gene-21-stub