The granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor (G-CSF-R) also known as CD114 (Cluster of Differentiation 114) is a
protein that in humans is encoded by the ''CSF3R''
gene.
G-CSF-R is a
cell-surface
receptor for the
granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF).
The G-CSF receptors belongs to a family of
cytokine
Cytokines are a broad and loose category of small proteins (~5–25 kDa) important in cell signaling. Cytokines are peptides and cannot cross the lipid bilayer of cells to enter the cytoplasm. Cytokines have been shown to be involved in a ...
receptors known as the ''
hematopoietin receptor family''. The granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor is present on precursor cells in the
bone marrow
Bone marrow is a semi-solid tissue found within the spongy (also known as cancellous) portions of bones. In birds and mammals, bone marrow is the primary site of new blood cell production (or haematopoiesis). It is composed of hematopoietic ce ...
, and, in response to stimulation by G-CSF, initiates
cell proliferation
Cell proliferation is the process by which ''a cell grows and divides to produce two daughter cells''. Cell proliferation leads to an exponential increase in cell number and is therefore a rapid mechanism of tissue growth. Cell proliferation re ...
and
differentiation into mature neutrophilic
granulocytes and
macrophages.
The G-CSF-R is a
transmembrane receptor that consists of an extracellular ligand-binding portion, a
transmembrane domain, and the cytoplasmic portion that is responsible for
signal transduction
Signal transduction is the process by which a chemical or physical signal is transmitted through a cell as a series of molecular events, most commonly protein phosphorylation catalyzed by protein kinases, which ultimately results in a cellula ...
. GCSF-R ligand-binding is associated with
dimerization
A dimer () (''wikt:di-, di-'', "two" + ''-mer'', "parts") is an oligomer consisting of two monomers joined by bonds that can be either strong or weak, Covalent bond, covalent or Intermolecular force, intermolecular. Dimers also have significant im ...
of the receptor and signal transduction through proteins including
Jak,
Lyn
Ubisoft Montpellier is a French video game developer and a studio of Ubisoft based in Castelnau-le-Lez. Founded in 1994 as Ubi Pictures, it is best known for developing the ''Rayman'' and ''Beyond Good & Evil'' series. At 350 employees as of Se ...
,
STAT, and
Erk1/2.
Isoforms
The class IV isoform defective for both internalization and differentiation signaling.
Clinical significance
Mutations in this gene are a cause of Kostmann syndrome, also known as
severe congenital neutropenia.
s in the intracellular part of this receptor are also associated with certain types of
leukemia.
In clinical medicine, there is a suggestion that use of
GCSF
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF or GCSF), also known as colony-stimulating factor 3 (CSF 3), is a glycoprotein that stimulates the bone marrow to produce granulocytes and stem cells and release them into the bloodstream.
Functiona ...
should be avoided, at least in children and adolescents and perhaps adults, when G-CSFR isoform IV is overexpressed.
Interactions
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor has been shown to
interact with
Grb2,
and
SHC1.
[
]
See also
* Cluster of differentiation
The cluster of differentiation (also known as cluster of designation or classification determinant and often abbreviated as CD) is a protocol used for the identification and investigation of cell surface molecules providing targets for immunophen ...
References
Further reading
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External links
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{{Cytokine receptor modulators
Clusters of differentiation
Type I cytokine receptors