Félix Gaffiot (; 27 September 1870 – 2 November 1937) was a

French French (french: français(e), link=no) may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to France ** French language, which originated in France, and its various dialects and accents ** French people, a nation and ethnic group identified with Franc ...

philologist Philology () is the study of language in oral and written historical sources; it is the intersection of textual criticism, literary criticism, history, and linguistics (with especially strong ties to etymology). Philology is also defined as ...

and

teacher A teacher, also called a schoolteacher or formally an educator, is a person who helps students to acquire knowledge, competence, or virtue, via the practice of teaching. ''Informally'' the role of teacher may be taken on by anyone (e.g. w ...

. He was the author of the renowned 1934 work ''

Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français The ''Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français'' (; ''Illustrated Latin–French Dictionary'') is a dictionary of Latin, described in French. Compiled by the French philologist Félix Gaffiot (1870–1937), it is commonly eponymized « Le Gaff ...

'' (''Illustrated Latin–French Dictionary''), which is commonly referred to as the ''Gaffiot''.

Life

Félix Gaffiot was born in

Liesle Liesle () is a commune in the Doubs department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in eastern France. Population See also * Communes of the Doubs department The following is a list of the 571 communes of the Doubs department of France. ...

, in the Loue valley. He was the son of a teacher (his father) and a town clerk (his mother). Fatherless by the age of thirteen, he was nevertheless able to attend secondary school in Pontarlier thanks to a municipal scholarship. Having attained a Bachelor of Science and Letters, he was reluctant to prepare for the entrance examination to the '' École Polytechnique'', and eventually undertook an arts degree. He obtained his first teaching position at Pont-à-Mousson, all the while preparing for the '' agrégation''. He then taught for twelve years in the Massif Central at Le Puy-en-Velay and Clermont-Ferrand. He studied the rules of Latin grammar, which he considered "absolute and conventional". These led in 1906 to his doctoral thesis on Latin-language acquisition; upon obtaining the ''agrégation'', he became a professor at the Sorbonne. Gaffiot developed his pedagogical theories in his 1910 work ''Méthode de langue latine'' (''Method of the Latin language''); in it, he advocated following the development of the French language from its Latin roots. His work was interrupted by the outbreak of

World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was List of wars and anthropogenic disasters by death toll, one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, ...

in 1914 and his subsequent mobilisation as an auxiliary medical officerRémy Démoly,
Félix Gaffiot, docteur ès Lettres, professeur, latiniste, auteur d’un dictionnaire de référence.
'' in the Forest of Argonne. Thereafter, Gaffiot focused on

painting Painting is the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a solid surface (called the "matrix" or "support"). The medium is commonly applied to the base with a brush, but other implements, such as knives, sponges, and ai ...

and his studies at a school of the fine arts. Following disputes with his colleagues, Gaffiot left the Sorbonne in 1927, even though he was about to be granted tenure; he found a new position for himself at the University of Besançon. He was subsequently appointed Dean of the Faculty of Letters on 19 July 1933; he was reappointed to that role in 1936. He retired from the University in October 1937. Gaffiot died in November 1937 — less than a month after the official date of his retirement — following a car crash on 31 Octoberarticle in the ''Pontissalien'', dated Saturday 13 November 1937 near

Mouchard Mouchard () is a commune A commune is an alternative term for an intentional community. Commune or comună or comune or other derivations may also refer to: Administrative-territorial entities * Commune (administrative division), a municipality ...

. He left a legacy as a challenging and exacting humanistic teacher. There is a college in Quingey that is named for him.

''Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français'' — "The Gaffiot"

In 1923, the publisher

Hachette Hachette may refer to: * Hachette (surname) * Hachette (publisher), a French publisher, the imprint of Lagardère Publishing ** Hachette Book Group, the American subsidiary ** Hachette Distribution Services, the distribution arm See also * Hachett ...

entrusted Félix Gaffiot with the task of compiling a Latin–French dictionary, which was soon eponymised ''Le Gaffiot''. After writing thousands of index cards, Gaffiot at last saw his work appear in 1934. The dictionary stands out on account of its illustrations and the clearness of its typography and, since it first appeared, has been regularly reprinted, in both complete and abridged editions. A new, modernised edition of the complete dictionary was published in November 2000.

Notes and references

External links

*
Félix Gaffiot, latiniste et épicurien
' at Vousnousils.fr (3 March 2006) {{DEFAULTSORT:Gaffiot, Felix 1870 births 1937 deaths French Latinists French lexicographers French educational theorists Road incident deaths in France