Fyodor Alexandrovich Golovin (; February 20, 1867 – June 3, 1937) was a Russian politician. He was among the founders of the

Constitutional Democratic Party The Constitutional Democratic Party (, K-D), also called Constitutional Democrats and formally the Party of People's Freedom (), was a political party in the Russian Empire that promoted Western constitutional monarchy—among other policies� ...

(the "Kadets") and was chairman of the short-lived second convocation of the Imperial Russian Duma, which was in session from February 1907 to June 1907. Golovin was born in

Moscow Moscow is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city of Russia, standing on the Moskva (river), Moskva River in Central Russia. It has a population estimated at over 13 million residents with ...

into a noble family on December 21, 1867. In 1891 he began studying law at

Moscow University Moscow State University (MSU), officially M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University,. is a public research university in Moscow, Russia. The university includes 15 research institutes, 43 faculties, more than 300 departments, and six branches. Al ...

. Following his law studies, he began political activities. In 1899 he became a member of the group "Conversation"; in 1903 of the

Union of Liberation Union commonly refers to: * Trade union, an organization of workers * Union (set theory), in mathematics, a fundamental operation on sets Union may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Music * Union (band), an American rock group ** ''Uni ...

; in 1904 of the Union of

Zemstvo A zemstvo (, , , ''zemstva'') was an institution of local government set up in consequence of the emancipation reform of 1861 of Imperial Russia by Emperor Alexander II of Russia. Nikolay Milyutin elaborated the idea of the zemstvo, and the fi ...

-Constitutionalists; and in the autumn of 1905 he was one of the organizers of the Constitutional Democratic Party. He was an active

freemason Freemasonry (sometimes spelled Free-Masonry) consists of fraternal groups that trace their origins to the medieval guilds of stonemasons. Freemasonry is the oldest secular fraternity in the world and among the oldest still-existing organizati ...

. Golovin was an energetic participant in party activities, a district leader, and member of the party's central committee. On February 20, 1907, at the first meeting of the Second Duma, he was elected chairman of the Duma by a vote of 356 of 518 members. In the course of its short existence, this Duma tried unsuccessfully to reach agreement of among its various political factions, and in the following

Third Duma Legislative elections were held in the Russian Empire in October 1907 to elect the 442 seats of the Third State Duma. It was the second election to the Duma that year after the January 1907 Russian election. In June 1907, the Duma was forci ...

Golovin was an ordinary member, serving on the Agricultural Committee. After the

February Revolution of 1917 The February Revolution (), known in Soviet historiography as the February Bourgeois Democratic Revolution and sometimes as the March Revolution or February Coup was the first of two revolutions which took place in Russia in 1917. The main ...

, Golovin became Commissioner of all the institutions of the former Ministry of the Imperial Court. After the

October Revolution The October Revolution, also known as the Great October Socialist Revolution (in Historiography in the Soviet Union, Soviet historiography), October coup, Bolshevik coup, or Bolshevik revolution, was the second of Russian Revolution, two r ...

, he served in positions of the new Soviet government. On the decision of the

NKVD troika NKVD troika or Special troika (), in Soviet history, were the People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs (NKVD which would later be the beginning of the KGB) made up of three officials who issued sentences to people after simplified, speedy inve ...

of the Moscow region, Golovin was convicted of the charge of belonging to an anti-Soviet organization, and was shot in Butovo on November 21, 1937, at the age of seventy. He was posthumously rehabilitated in 1989.

References

External links

Biography of Golovin at Chronos

{{DEFAULTSORT:Golovin, Fyodor 1867 births 1937 deaths People from Moscow Governorate Nobility from the Russian Empire Russian Constitutional Democratic Party members Chairmen of the State Duma (Russian Empire) Members of the 2nd State Duma of the Russian Empire Members of the 3rd State Duma of the Russian Empire Russian Freemasons Imperial Moscow University alumni People executed for treason against the Soviet Union Great Purge victims from Russia Soviet rehabilitations