''Fulgoraria'' is a
genus
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...
of
sea snail
Sea snails are slow-moving marine (ocean), marine gastropod Mollusca, molluscs, usually with visible external shells, such as whelk or abalone. They share the Taxonomic classification, taxonomic class Gastropoda with slugs, which are distinguishe ...
s,
marine gastropod
Gastropods (), commonly known as slugs and snails, belong to a large Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda ().
This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, freshwater, and fro ...
mollusk
Mollusca is a phylum of protostomic invertebrate animals, whose members are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 76,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized, making it the second-largest animal phylum after Arthropoda. The ...
s in the
family
Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...
Volutidae
Volutidae, common name volutes, are a taxonomic family of predatory sea snails that range in size from 9 mm to over 500 mm. They are marine gastropod mollusks. Most of the species have no operculum.
Distribution
This family of sea s ...
.
Description
The shell is oblong and fusiform. The
spire
A spire is a tall, slender, pointed structure on top of a roof of a building or tower, especially at the summit of church steeples. A spire may have a square, circular, or polygonal plan, with a roughly conical or pyramidal shape. Spire ...
is acuminated. The
apex
The apex is the highest point of something. The word may also refer to:
Arts and media Fictional entities
* Apex (comics)
A-Bomb
Abomination
Absorbing Man
Abraxas
Abyss
Abyss is the name of two characters appearing in Ameri ...
is large, smooth and papillary. The
whorl
A whorl ( or ) is an individual circle, oval, volution or equivalent in a whorled pattern, which consists of a spiral or multiple concentric objects (including circles, ovals and arcs).
In nature
File:Photograph and axial plane floral diagra ...
s are longitudinally plicate and transversely striated. The
body whorl
The body whorl is part of the morphology (biology), morphology of the gastropod shell, shell in those gastropod mollusks that possess a coiled shell. The term is also sometimes used in a similar way to describe the shell of a cephalopod mollusk ...
is anteriorly contracted and acuminated. The
aperture
In optics, the aperture of an optical system (including a system consisting of a single lens) is the hole or opening that primarily limits light propagated through the system. More specifically, the entrance pupil as the front side image o ...
is elongated. The
columella
Lucius Junius Moderatus Columella (, Arabic: ) was a prominent Roman writer on agriculture in the Roman Empire.
His in twelve volumes has been completely preserved and forms an important source on Roman agriculture and ancient Roman cuisin ...
is sharp anteriorly, with from six to ten oblique plaits, the middle plaits are the largest. The outer
lip
The lips are a horizontal pair of soft appendages attached to the jaws and are the most visible part of the mouth of many animals, including humans. Mammal lips are soft, movable and serve to facilitate the ingestion of food (e.g. sucklin ...
is thickened, with the margin more or less crenate.
Species
Species within the genus ''Fulgoraria'' include:
; Subgenus ''Fulgoraria'' (''Fulgoraria'')
Schumacher, 1817
* ''
Fulgoraria alforum''
Thach, 2014
* ''
Fulgoraria allanlimpusi''
Thach & Bail, 2018
* ''
Fulgoraria baili''
Thach, 2018
* ''
Fulgoraria bailorum
''Fulgoraria'' is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Volutidae.
Description
The shell is oblong and fusiform. The spire is acuminated. The apex is large, smooth and papillary. The whorls are longitudinally plicate an ...
''
Thach, 2014
* ''
Fulgoraria callomoni''
Thach, 2015
* ''
Fulgoraria ericarum''
Douté, 1997
* ''
Fulgoraria hamillei''
(Crosse, 1869)
* ''
Fulgoraria hitoshiikedai
''Fulgoraria hitoshiikedai'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Volutidae, the volutes.
It was first described by Nguyên Ngoc Thach in 2018 from a specimen collected in the coastal waters off Vietnam
...
''
Thach & Bail, 2018
* ''
Fulgoraria humerosa
''Fulgoraria humerosa'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Volutidae
Volutidae, common name volutes, are a taxonomic family of predatory sea snails that range in size from 9 mm to over 500 mm. They ...
''
Rehder, 1969
* ''
Fulgoraria kaoae
''Fulgoraria kaoae'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Volutidae, the volutes.
Description
The length of the shell attains 72.8 mm.
Distribution
This marine species occurs off Taiwan
Taiwan, official ...
''
Bail, 2008
* ''
Fulgoraria leviuscula
''Fulgoraria leviuscula'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Volutidae
Volutidae, common name volutes, are a taxonomic family of predatory sea snails that range in size from 9 mm to over 500 mm. Th ...
''
Rehder, 1969
* ''
Fulgoraria limpusi
''Fulgoraria'' is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Volutidae.
Description
The shell is oblong and fusiform. The spire is acuminated. The apex is large, smooth and papillary. The whorls are longitudinally plicate an ...
''
Thach, 2020
* ''
Fulgoraria ngai
''Fulgoraria'' is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Volutidae.
Description
The shell is oblong and fusiform. The spire is acuminated. The apex is large, smooth and papillary. The whorls are longitudinally plicate an ...
''
Thach, 2020
* ''
Fulgoraria ngocngai
''Fulgoraria'' is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Volutidae.
Description
The shell is oblong and fusiform. The spire is acuminated. The apex is large, smooth and papillary. The whorls are longitudinally plicate an ...
''
Bail & Thach, 2017
* ''
Fulgoraria patricebaili
''Fulgoraria'' is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Volutidae.
Description
The shell is oblong and fusiform. The spire is acuminated. The apex is large, smooth and papillary. The whorls are longitudinally plicate an ...
''
Thach, 2017
* ''
Fulgoraria phanhayi
''Fulgoraria'' is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Volutidae.
Description
The shell is oblong and fusiform. The spire is acuminated. The apex is large, smooth and papillary. The whorls are longitudinally plicate an ...
''
Thach, 2020
* ''
Fulgoraria philippsi
''Fulgoraria'' is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Volutidae.
Description
The shell is oblong and fusiform. The spire is acuminated. The apex is large, smooth and papillary. The whorls are longitudinally plicate an ...
''
Thach, 2016
* ''
Fulgoraria rupestris''
(Gmelin, 1791)
; Subgenus ''Fulgoraria'' (''Kurodina'')
Rehder, 1969
* ''
Fulgoraria smithi''
(Sowerby III, 1901)
; Subgenus ''Fulgoraria'' (''Musashia'')
Hayashi, 1966
* ''
Fulgoraria allaryi''
Bail, 2005
* ''
Fulgoraria cancellata''
Kuroda & Habe, 1950
* ''
Fulgoraria carnicolor''
Bail & Chino, 2010
* ''
Fulgoraria chinoi''
Bail, 2000
* ''
Fulgoraria clara''
(Sowerby III, 1914)
* ''
Fulgoraria formosana''
Azuma, 1967
* ''
Fulgoraria hirasei''
(Sowerby III, 1912)
* ''
Fulgoraria noguchii''
Hayashi, 1960
; Subgenus ''Fulgoraria'' (''Nipponomelon'')
Shikama, 1967
* ''
Fulgoraria elongata
''Fulgoraria'' is a genus of sea snails, marine (ocean), marine gastropod Mollusc, mollusks in the family (biology), family Volutidae.
Description
The shell is oblong and fusiform. The Spire (mollusc), spire is acuminated. The Apex (mollusc), ap ...
''
Shikama, 1962
* ''
Fulgoraria megaspira''
(Sowerby I, 1844)
; Subgenus ''Fulgoraria'' (''Psephaea'')
Crosse, 1871
* ''
Fulgoraria concinna''
(Broderip, 1836)
* ''
Fulgoraria daviesi''
(Fulton, 1938)
* ''
Fulgoraria kamakurensis''
Okuta, 1949
* ''
Fulgoraria kaneko''
Hirase, 1922
* ''
Fulgoraria mentiens''
(Fulton, 1940)
; Species brought into synonymy :
* ''Fulgoraria delicata'' (Fulton, 1940): synonym of ''
Saotomea (Saotomea) delicata'' (Fulton, 1940)
* ''Fulgoraria minima'' Bondarev, 1994: synonym of ''
Saotomea (Bondarevia) minima'' (Bondarev, 1994)
* ''Fulgoraria pratasensis'' Lan, 1997: synonym of ''
Saotomea (Saotomea) pratasensis'' Lan, 1997
* ''Fulgoraria solida'' Bail & Chino, 2000:
synonym of ''
Saotomea (Saotomea) solida'' (Bail & Chino, 2000)
References
* Bail, P., Chino, M. & Terryn, Y. (2010). ''The Family Volutidae. The endemic Far East Asian subfamily Fulgorariinae Pilsbry & Olsson, 1954. A revision of the recent species''. In: Poppe, G. T. & Groh, K.: ''A Conchological Iconography''. 74 pp., 64 plts. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, .
Gastropod genera
{{Volutidae-stub