Fructose 6-phosphate (sometimes called the Neuberg ester) is a derivative of

fructose Fructose (), or fruit sugar, is a Ketose, ketonic monosaccharide, simple sugar found in many plants, where it is often bonded to glucose to form the disaccharide sucrose. It is one of the three dietary monosaccharides, along with glucose and gal ...

, which has been

phosphorylated In biochemistry, phosphorylation is described as the "transfer of a phosphate group" from a donor to an acceptor. A common phosphorylating agent (phosphate donor) is ATP and a common family of acceptor are alcohols: : This equation can be writt ...

at the 6-hydroxy group. It is one of several possible fructosephosphates. The β-D-form of this compound is very common in

cells Cell most often refers to: * Cell (biology), the functional basic unit of life * Cellphone, a phone connected to a cellular network * Clandestine cell, a penetration-resistant form of a secret or outlawed organization * Electrochemical cell, a d ...

. The great majority of

glucose Glucose is a sugar with the Chemical formula#Molecular formula, molecular formula , which is often abbreviated as Glc. It is overall the most abundant monosaccharide, a subcategory of carbohydrates. It is mainly made by plants and most algae d ...

is converted to fructose 6-phosphate upon entering a cell.

Fructose Fructose (), or fruit sugar, is a Ketose, ketonic monosaccharide, simple sugar found in many plants, where it is often bonded to glucose to form the disaccharide sucrose. It is one of the three dietary monosaccharides, along with glucose and gal ...

is predominantly converted to

fructose 1-phosphate Fructose-1-phosphate is a derivative of fructose. It is generated mainly by hepatic fructokinase but is also generated in smaller amounts in the small intestinal mucosa and proximal epithelium of the renal tubule. It is an important intermediate o ...

by fructokinase following cellular import.

History

The name ''Neuberg ester'' comes from the German biochemist

Carl Neuberg Carl Alexander Neuberg (29 July 1877 – 30 May 1956) was an early pioneer in biochemistry, and he has sometimes been referred to as the "father of modern biochemistry". His notable contribution to science includes the discovery of the carboxyl ...

. In 1918, he found that the compound (later identified as fructose 6-phosphate) was produced by mild acid hydrolysis of

fructose 2,6-bisphosphate Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate, abbreviated Fru-2,6-''P''2, is a metabolite that allosterically affects the activity of the enzymes phosphofructokinase 1 (PFK-1) and fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase-1) to regulate glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. ...

.Fruton, Joseph S. ''Proteins, Enzymes, Genes: The Interplay of Chemistry and Biology''. Yale University Press: New Haven, 1999. p 292

In glycolysis

Fructose 6-phosphate lies within the

glycolysis Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose () into pyruvic acid, pyruvate and, in most organisms, occurs in the liquid part of cells (the cytosol). The Thermodynamic free energy, free energy released in this process is used to form ...

metabolic pathway In biochemistry, a metabolic pathway is a linked series of chemical reactions occurring within a cell (biology), cell. The reactants, products, and Metabolic intermediate, intermediates of an enzymatic reaction are known as metabolites, which are ...

and is produced by isomerisation of

glucose 6-phosphate Glucose 6-phosphate (G6P, sometimes called the Robison ester) is a glucose sugar phosphorylated at the hydroxy group on carbon 6. This dianion is very common in cells as the majority of glucose entering a cell will become phosphorylated in this w ...

. It is in turn further phosphorylated to

fructose-1,6-bisphosphate Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, known in older publications as Harden-Young ester, is fructose sugar phosphorylated on carbons 1 and 6 (i.e., is a fructosephosphate). The β-D-form of this compound is common in cells. Upon entering the cell, most glu ...

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Fructosephosphate6 Monosaccharide derivatives Organophosphates Pentose phosphate pathway Phosphate esters Glycolysis

History

In glycolysis

See also

References