Friedrich Horst Winkler (5 March 1888 – 23 February 1965) was a German art historian specialised in German art, especially the works of

Albrecht Dürer Albrecht Dürer ( , ;; 21 May 1471 – 6 April 1528),Müller, Peter O. (1993) ''Substantiv-Derivation in Den Schriften Albrecht Dürers'', Walter de Gruyter. . sometimes spelled in English as Durer or Duerer, was a German painter, Old master prin ...

, and

Early Netherlandish painting Early Netherlandish painting is the body of work by artists active in the Burgundian Netherlands, Burgundian and Habsburg Netherlands during the 15th- and 16th-century Northern Renaissance period, once known as the Flemish Primitives. It flour ...

from the 15th and 16th century.

Biography

Friedrich Winkler was born at his family's farm in Prehna, a hamlet of

Lumpzig Lumpzig is a village and a former municipality in the district Altenburger Land, in Thuringia, Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It lies between the Baltic Sea and the North Sea to ...

, Germany, in 1888. He studied art history at the

University of Vienna The University of Vienna (, ) is a public university, public research university in Vienna, Austria. Founded by Rudolf IV, Duke of Austria, Duke Rudolph IV in 1365, it is the oldest university in the German-speaking world and among the largest ...

, the

University of Berlin The Humboldt University of Berlin (, abbreviated HU Berlin) is a public research university in the central borough of Mitte in Berlin, Germany. The university was established by Frederick William III on the initiative of Wilhelm von Humbol ...

, and the

University of Freiburg The University of Freiburg (colloquially ), officially the Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg (), is a public university, public research university located in Freiburg im Breisgau, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. The university was founded in 1 ...

, where he studied under

Wilhelm Vöge Wilhelm Vöge (16 February 1868 – 30 December 1952) was a German art historian, the discoverer of the Reichenau School of painting and one of the most important medievalists of the early 20th century. Whitney Stoddard called him the "fat ...

. His

thesis A thesis (: theses), or dissertation (abbreviated diss.), is a document submitted in support of candidature for an academic degree or professional qualification presenting the author's research and findings.International Standard ISO 7144: D ...

''Der Meister von Flemalle und

Rogier van der Weyden Rogier van der Weyden (; 1399 or 140018 June 1464), initially known as Roger de le Pasture (), was an Early Netherlandish painting, early Netherlandish painter whose surviving works consist mainly of religious triptychs, altarpieces, and commis ...

'', written in 1912, was published in 1913. He then started working as the editor of the '' Lexikon der bildenden Künstler'' by

Ulrich Thieme Ulrich Thieme (31 January 1865 in Leipzig – 25 March 1922 in Leipzig) was a German art historian. He was the son of the industrialist and art collector Alfred Thieme (1830–1906), brother of the publisher Georg Thieme (1830–1906) and gr ...

and Felix Becker, for which he wrote 34 entries. He also worked as a volunteer at the

Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister The (, ''Old Masters Gallery'') in Dresden, Germany, displays around 750 paintings from the 15th to the 18th centuries. It includes major Italian Renaissance painting, Italian Renaissance works as well as Dutch Golden Age painting, Dutch and F ...

Dresden Dresden (; ; Upper Saxon German, Upper Saxon: ''Dräsdn''; , ) is the capital city of the States of Germany, German state of Saxony and its second most populous city after Leipzig. It is the List of cities in Germany by population, 12th most p ...

, but then joined the army during

World War I World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to ...

. He left the army in 1915 to become the director of the

Kunstbibliothek Berlin The Berlin Art Library () is an agency of the Berlin State Museums under the auspices of the Prussian Cultural Heritage Foundation. It has approximately 400,000 volumes and ranks among Germany's leading institutions specializing in the literatur ...

. he wrote a work on Early Netherlandish miniatures, and in 1924 reworked ''Die Altniederländisch Malerei von 1400–1600'', originally written by

Max Jacob Friedländer Max or MAX may refer to: Animals * Max (American dog) (1983–2013), at one time purported to be the world's oldest living dog * Max (British dog), the first pet dog to win the PDSA Order of Merit (animal equivalent of the OBE) * Max (gorilla) ...

. In 1925 appeared ''Die Flämische Buchmalerei'', about Flemish miniature painting. In this period he married Hermina Christina Schützinger. Winkler then started working on the ''

catalogue raisonné A (or critical catalogue) is an annotated listing of the works of an artist or group of artists and can contain all works or a selection of works categorised by different parameters such as medium or period. A ''catalogue raisonné'' is normal ...

'' of the drawings by

, which was started by

Friedrich Lippmann Friedrich Lippmann (6 October 1838 in Prague – 2 October 1903 in Berlin) was a German art historian and director of the Kupferstichkabinett Berlin, Kupferstichkabinett, Berlin State Museums, noted for his work on Dürer, Holbein and Italian ...

(1838–1903). Winkler wrote the final two volumes of the catalog and a book about Dürer, which were published in the late 1920s. In 1933 he succeeded the deceased Elfried Bock as head of the

Kupferstichkabinett Berlin The Kupferstichkabinett, or Museum of Prints and Drawings, is a Print room, prints museum in Berlin, Germany. It is part of the Berlin State Museums, and is located in the Kulturforum on Potsdamer Platz. It is the largest museum of graphic art ...

. Between 1936 and 1939 he published a new catalogue of the drawings of Dürer in 4 volumes. In 1942 he published a work on the drawings of

Hans von Kulmbach Hans Suess, known as Hans von Kulmbach (1480 in Kulmbach, Franconia – prior to 3 December 1522 in Nuremberg), was a German artist active in Poland.John Denison Champlin, Charles CallahanCyclopedia of Painters and PaintingsNew York, Publisher: ...

and

Hans Leonhard Schäufelein Hans Leonhard Schäufelein (c. 1480–1540) was a German artist, as a painter and designer of woodcuts. Biography He was born in Nuremberg, probably studied under Wohlgemut, and then became the assistant of Dürer, whom he imitated. In 15 ...

, both pupils of Dürer. In 1947 he became a lecturer at the

Humboldt University of Berlin The Humboldt University of Berlin (, abbreviated HU Berlin) is a public research university in the central borough of Mitte in Berlin, Germany. The university was established by Frederick William III on the initiative of Wilhelm von Humbol ...

and in 1951 he switched to Western Germany and the

Free University of Berlin The Free University of Berlin (, often abbreviated as FU Berlin or simply FU) is a public university, public research university in Berlin, Germany. It was founded in West Berlin in 1948 with American support during the early Cold War period a ...

, until he retired in 1957. That year he wrote ''Leben und Werke'', a biography of Dürer. After another work on Hans von Kulmbach, he published his final major work in 1964, ''Das Werk des

Hugo van der Goes Hugo van der Goes ( – 1482) was a Flemish painter who was one of the most significant and original Early Netherlandish painters of the late 15th century. Van der Goes was an important painter of altarpieces as well as portraits. He introduced i ...

''. In 1950 he was made a corresponding member of the

Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities The Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities () is an independent public institution, located in Munich. It appoints scholars whose research has contributed considerably to the increase of knowledge within their subject. The general goal of th ...

. A heart attack late in 1964 led to his death in February 1965.

Bibliography

*1913: ''Der Meister von Flemalle und Rogier van der Weyden'' *1913-1914: ''Lexikon der bildenden Künstler'' (editor and writer) *1915: a study of Early Netherlandish miniatures *1924: ''Die Altniederländisch Malerei von 1400-1600'' (originally written by

), in the

Propyläen Kunstgeschichte ''Die Propyläen'' was a periodical begun in July 1798 by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and his friend Johann Heinrich Meyer. Impetus During the journal's short, three-year existence its various contributors and editors, for example, shown in essay ...

series *1925: ''Die Flämische Buchmalerei des 15. und 16. Jahrhunderts'' *1927-1929: ''Zeichnungen von Albrecht Dürer in Nachbildungen'', volume 6 and 7 *1928: Monograph about Dürer *1936-1939: Drawings of Dürer, a catalogue in 4 volumes *1939: ''Altdeutschen Meisterzeichnungen aus der Sammlung Ehlers im Berliner Kupferstichkabinett'' *1942: Monograph about the drawings of Hans von Kulmbach and Hans Leonhard Schäufelein *1951: ''Dürer und die Illustrationen zum Narrenschiff'' *1957: ''Leben und Werke'' *1950s-1960s: Monograph on Hans von Kulmbach *1964: ''Das Werk des Hugo van der Goes''

Notes

{{DEFAULTSORT:Winkler, Friedrich 1888 births 1965 deaths German art historians Albrecht Dürer Academic staff of the Humboldt University of Berlin Academic staff of the Free University of Berlin Scholars of Netherlandish art