Friederike Mayröcker
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Friederike Mayröcker (20 December 1924 – 4 June 2021) was an Austrian writer of poetry and prose, radio plays, children's books and dramatic texts. She experimented with language, and was regarded as an
avant-garde In the arts and literature, the term ''avant-garde'' ( meaning or ) identifies an experimental genre or work of art, and the artist who created it, which usually is aesthetically innovative, whilst initially being ideologically unacceptable ...
poet, and as one of the leading authors in German. Her work, inspired by art, music, literature and everyday life, appeared as "novel and also dense text formations, often described as 'magical'." According to ''
The New York Times ''The New York Times'' (''NYT'') is an American daily newspaper based in New York City. ''The New York Times'' covers domestic, national, and international news, and publishes opinion pieces, investigative reports, and reviews. As one of ...
'', her work was "formally inventive, much of it exploiting the imaginative potential of language to capture the minutiae of daily life, the natural world, love and grief."


Life

Mayröcker was born in Vienna, the daughter of a teacher and a milliner. Until age 11, she spent the summers regularly in the village Deinzendorf. In World War II, she was drafted as an air force aide, working as a secretary. From 1946 to 1969 Mayröcker was an English teacher at several public schools in Vienna. She started writing poetry at age 15. In 1946, she met Otto Basil who published some of her first works in his avant-garde journal '. Mayröcker's poems were published a few years later by renowned literary critic Hans Weigel. She was eventually introduced to the Wiener Gruppe, a group of mostly surrealist and expressionist Austrian authors such as
Ingeborg Bachmann Ingeborg Bachmann (; 25 June 1926 – 17 October 1973) was an Austrian poet and author. She is regarded as one of the major voices of German-language literature in the 20th century. In 1963, she was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature b ...
. Her first book, a collection of prose miniatures, ''Larifari – Ein konfuses Buch'' (''Airy-fairy. A confused book''), appeared in 1956. It remained the only book for ten years, but then the poem collection ''Death by Muses'', meant her breakthrough and recognition as "a leading lyrical voice of her generation". Many more collections followed, published from 1979 by Suhrkamp. Mayröcker is recognized as one of the most important contemporary Austrian poets. She also had success with her prose and radio plays. Four of them she wrote together with Ernst Jandl, her partner from 1954 until his death in 2000. While they shared a love of writing, they did not share a house or have any children. She once reflected in a poem that they stood together in the kitchen with poems in their heads, "but not the same one". Even so, after Jandl's death, she was so stricken with grief that she was initially unable to write. She eventually addressed this grief in her work, ''Requiem for Ernst Jandl,'' and resumed writing well into her nineties. Her prose is often described as autofictional, since Mayröcker uses quotes of private conversations and excerpts from letters and diaries in her work. She described her working process: "I live in pictures. I see everything in pictures, my complete past, memories are pictures. I transform pictures into language by climbing into the picture. I walk into it until it becomes language." She sometimes included her drawings in books, and exhibited her art. She was also inspired by music, and literature of
Samuel Beckett Samuel Barclay Beckett (; 13 April 1906 – 22 December 1989) was an Irish writer of novels, plays, short stories, and poems. Writing in both English and French, his literary and theatrical work features bleak, impersonal, and Tragicomedy, tra ...
and
Friedrich Hölderlin Johann Christian Friedrich Hölderlin (, ; ; 20 March 1770 â€“ 7 June 1843) was a Germans, German poet and philosopher. Described by Norbert von Hellingrath as "the most German of Germans", Hölderlin was a key figure of German Romanticis ...
, among many others. Her montages are also fed from everyday life observations, correspondence and newspapers. She produced "novel and also dense text formations, often described as "magical". Mayröcker earned numerous German-language literary prizes and was frequently mentioned as a potential Nobel laureate. A German-produced documentary chronicling Mayröcker's life and work was released in 2008. Her last lyric collection, ''da ich morgens und moosgrün. Ans Fenster trete'' (''as mornings and mossgreen I. Step to the window''), was short-listed for the prize of the
Leipzig Book Fair The Leipzig Book Fair () is the second largest book fair in Germany after the Frankfurt Book Fair. The fair takes place annually over four days at the Leipzig Trade Fairground in the northern part of Leipzig, Saxony. It is the first large trad ...
2021, with the jury saying that she "fuses poetry and prose into 'proems' full of infatuations, futilities, fantasies, daydreams". She saw life, "like a surprise - you never know how it ends, it's an adventure that you create yourself". Mayröcker died on 4 June 2021, in Vienna, aged 96.


Awards

* 1963: Theodor Körner Prize * 1969: Hörspielpreis der Kriegsblinden for ''Fünf Mann Menschen'' (with Ernst Jandl) * 1975: Austrian Prize for Literature * 1976: * 1977: * 1981: Anton Wildgans Prize * 1982: Grand Austrian State Prize for Literature * 1982:
Roswitha Prize The Roswitha Prize () is the oldest German language prize for literature that is given solely to women. The Roswitha-Medal has been given almost yearly since 1973 by the city of Bad Gandersheim. In 1998 it received its modern designation along wi ...
* 1985: Literature Prize of Southwest Radio Baden-Baden * 1985: Gold Medal of Vienna * 1987:
Austrian Decoration for Science and Art The Austrian Decoration for Science and Art () is a state decoration of the Republic of Austria and forms part of the Orders, decorations, and medals of Austria, Austrian national honours system. History The "Austrian Decoration for Science a ...
* 1989: Hans-Erich-Nossack-Preis * 1993: Friedrich-Hölderlin-Preis of
Bad Homburg Bad Homburg vor der Höhe (, ) is the district town of the Hochtaunuskreis, Hesse, Germany, on the southern slope of the Taunus mountains. Bad Homburg is part of the Frankfurt Rhein-Main urban area. The town's official name is ''Bad Homburg ...
* 1994: Manuscripts Award * 1996: Else Lasker-Schüler Poetry Prize * 1996: Grand Literature Prize of the Bavarian Academy of Fine Arts * 1997: America Award * 1997: Droste-Preis ( Meersburg) * 2000: Christian-Wagner-Preis * 2001: Karl Sczuka Prize for the radio play ''The envelope of the birds'' * 2001: Georg Büchner Prize * 2001: Honorary doctorate, University of Bielefeld * 2003: Premio Internazionale * 2004: Honorary Ring of the Vienna * 2009: Hermann-Lenz-Preis for poem ''Scardanelli'' * 2010: Peter Huchel Prize for ''This jacket (namely) the griffin'' * 2010: Horst-Bienek-Preis für Lyrik of the Bavarian Academy of Fine Arts * 2011: Bremen Literature Prize for ''ich bin in der Anstalt. Fusznoten zu einem nichtgeschriebenen Werk'' * 2016: * 2017: * 2017: Hörbuch des Jahres


Works

Source: * ''Gesammelte Prosa 1949–2001'' (''Collected Prose 1949–2001'') ed. by Klaus Reichert, 5 volumes, Frankfurt/Main 2001 * ''Magische Blätter I-V'' (''Magic Pages I–V''), Frankfurt/Main 2001 * ''Requiem für Ernst Jandl'' (''Requiem for Ernst Jandl''), Frankfurt/Main 2001 * ''Mein Arbeitstirol – Gedichte 1996–2001'' (''My Working Tyrol – Poems 1996–2001''), Frankfurt/Main 2003 * ''Die kommunizierenden Gefäße'' (''The Communicating Vessels'') Frankfurt/Main 2003 * ''Sinclair Sofokles der Baby-Saurier'' (''Sinclair Sofokles the Baby Dinosaur'') with coloured illustrations by Angelika Kaufmann, St. Pölten 2004 * ''Gesammelte Gedichte 1939–2003'' (''Collected Poems'') ed. by Marcel Beyer, Frankfurt/Main 2005 * ''Und ich schüttelte einen Liebling'' (''And I Shook a Darling''), Frankfurt/Main 2005 * ''fleurs'', Suhrkamp, Berlin 2016, * ''Pathos und Schwalbe'', Suhrkamp, Berlin 2018,


Audio plays

Audio plays by Mayröcker, some written jointly with Jandl, include: * ''Die Umarmung, nach Picasso'' (''The Embrace, After
Picasso Pablo Diego José Francisco de Paula Juan Nepomuceno María de los Remedios Cipriano de la Santísima Trinidad Ruiz y Picasso (25 October 1881 – 8 April 1973) was a Spanish painter, sculptor, printmaker, Ceramic art, ceramicist, and Scenic ...
'') * ''Repetitionen, nach Max Ernst'' (''Repetitions, After
Max Ernst Max Ernst (; 2 April 1891 – 1 April 1976) was a German-born painter, sculptor, printmaker, graphic artist, and poet. A prolific artist, Ernst was a primary pioneer of the Dada movement and surrealism in Europe. He had no formal artistic trai ...
'') * ''Schubertnotizen oder das unbestechliche Muster der Ekstase'' (''
Schubert Franz Peter Schubert (; ; 31 January 179719 November 1828) was an Austrian composer of the late Classical period (music), Classical and early Romantic music, Romantic eras. Despite his short life, Schubert left behind a List of compositions ...
-Notes or the Incorrupt Model of Ecstasy'') * ''Arie auf tönernen Füßen'' (''Aria on Feet of Clay'') * ''Das zu Sehende, das zu Hörende'' (''The to Be Seen, the to Be Heard'') * ''Die Kantate oder, Gottes Augenstern bist Du'' (''The Cantata or, Gods Eye-star You Are''), music by Wolfgang von Schweinitz (2003) with Ernst Jandl: * ''Der Gigant'' (''The Giant'') * ''Gemeinsame Kindheit'' (''Childhood Together'') * ''Fünf Mann Menschen'', translated as ''Five Man Humanity'' * ''Spaltungen'' (''Partitions'')


Libretto

* ''Stretta'', music by Wolfram Wagner. World premiere at Sirene Opera, Vienna 2004


Translations

Several of Mayröcker’s collections have been translated into English, including ''Night Train'' (1992, trans. Beth Bjorklund); ''Heiligenanstalt'' (1994, trans. Rosmarie Waldrop); ''with each clouded peak'' (1998, trans. Rosmarie Waldrop and Harriett Watts); ''peck me up, my wing'' (2000, trans. Mary Burns); ''Raving Language: Selected Poems 1946–2006'' (2007, trans. Richard Dove); and ''brütt, or The Sighing Gardens'' (2008, trans. Roslyn Theobald).


References


Citations


Bibliography

* Theo Breuer: „Friederike Mayröcker, usw.“, in: T.B., ''Aus dem Hinterland. Lyrik nach 2000'', Edition YE, Sistig/Eifel 2005 * Renate Kühn (Ed.): ''Friederike Mayröcker oder Das innere des Sehens'', studies about poetry, radio play and prose, Bielefeld 2002 * Inge Arteel / Heidy M. Müller (Ed.): ''Rupfen in fremden Gärten – Intertextualität im Schreiben Friederike Mayröckers'', Bielefeld 2002 * Edith A. Kunz: ''Verwandlungen – Zur Poetologie des Übergangs in der späten Prosa Friederike Mayröckers'', Göttingen 2004 * Ralf B. Korte / Elisabeth Hödl: ''FM dj (reading reise durch die nacht). Ein elektronischer Briefroman. '' 2004 * Martin A. Hainz: ''Schwarze Milch zu schreiben. Paul Celan und Friederike Mayröcker.'' In: Weimarer Beiträge, No. 52·1, 2006, pp. 5–19 * Leo Truchlar: ''Wozu lese und schreibe ich? Notizen aus Anlaß meiner Lektüren von Adrienne Rich und Friederike Mayröcker.'' – In: Leo Truchlar, Über Literatur und andere Künste, Wien 2000, p. 17ff. * Inge Arteel: ''„gefaltet, entfaltet“. Strategien der Subjektwerdung in Friederike Mayröckers Prosa 1988–1998''. Bielefeld 2007.


External links


Friederike Mayröcker
at
Poetry Foundation The Poetry Foundation is a United States literary society that seeks to promote poetry and lyricism in the wider culture. It was formed from ''Poetry'' magazine, which it continues to publish, with a 2003 gift of $200 million from philanthrop ...

Collection of links at the Free University of Berlin
*
was brauchst du
(poem and biography, in German) lyrikline.org
Sound recordings with Friederike Mayröcker
in the Online Archive of the Österreichische Mediathek (Literary readings) {{DEFAULTSORT:Mayrocker, Friederike 1924 births 2021 deaths Austrian women poets Writers from Vienna Anton Wildgans Prize winners Georg Büchner Prize winners Recipients of the Austrian Decoration for Science and Art Recipients of the Grand Austrian State Prize Members of the Academy of Arts, Berlin German-language poets