Friedel or

Friedl Friedl is a Southern German diminutive variation of the name Fried - or alternately, a diminutive of the feminine given names Elfriede and Frederika. Notable people with the name include: Given name *Friedl Behn-Grund (1906–1989), German cinema ...

is a Southern German diminutive variation of the surname Fried - or alternately, a diminutive of

Elfriede Elfriede, also known as Elfreda, Elfrida, Alfrida, Aelfrida, Elfrieda, Elftrude, Elftraut among other variants, is a female given name, derived from ''Ælfþryð'' (Aelfthryth) meaning "elf-strength". The name fell out of fashion in the Middle Age ...

- and may refer to: Four French scientists with the same

Friedel family Five French scientists with the same Friedel family name are in direct lineage, Charles, Georges, Edmond and Jacques: * Charles Friedel (1832–1899), French chemist known for the Friedel-Crafts reaction * Georges Friedel (1865–1933), French c ...

name are in direct lineage,

Charles Charles is a masculine given name predominantly found in English language, English and French language, French speaking countries. It is from the French form ''Charles'' of the Proto-Germanic, Proto-Germanic name (in runic alphabet) or ''* ...

Georges Georges may refer to: Places *Georges River, New South Wales, Australia *Georges Quay (Dublin) *Georges Township, Fayette County, Pennsylvania Other uses *Georges (name) * ''Georges'' (novel), a novel by Alexandre Dumas * "Georges" (song), a 1977 ...

, Edmond and

Jacques Jacques or Jacq are believed to originate from the Middle Ages in the historic northwest Brittany region in France, and have since spread around the world over the centuries. To date, there are over one hundred identified noble families related t ...

: *

Charles Friedel Charles Friedel (; 12 March 1832 – 20 April 1899) was a French chemist and Mineralogy, mineralogist. Life A native of Strasbourg, France, he was a student of Louis Pasteur at the University of Paris, Sorbonne. In 1876, he became a professor of ...

(1832–1899), French chemist known for the

Friedel–Crafts reaction The Friedel–Crafts reactions are a set of organic reaction, reactions developed by Charles Friedel and James Crafts in 1877 to attach substituents to an Aromatic hydrocarbon, aromatic ring. Friedel–Crafts reactions are of two main types: alky ...

Georges Friedel Georges Friedel (19 July 1865 – 11 December 1933) was a French mineralogist and crystallographer. Life Georges was the son of the chemist Charles Friedel. Georges' grandfather was Louis Georges Duvernoy who held the chair in comparative an ...

(1865–1933), French crystallographer and mineralogist; son of Charles *

Edmond Friedel Edmond may refer to: Arts and entertainment * ''Edmond'' (play), a 1982 play by David Mamet ** ''Edmond'' (film), a 2005 film based on the 1982 play * '' E.d.M.O.N.D'', a 2013 EP by Edmond Leung * ''Edmond'', a 2016 play by Alexis Michalik ** ''E ...

(1895–1972), French Polytechnician and mining engineer, founder of BRGM, the French geological survey; son of Georges *

Jacques Friedel Jacques Friedel ForMemRS (; 11 February 1921 – 27 August 2014) was a French physicist and material scientist. Education Friedel attended the Cours Hattemer, a private school. He studied at the École Polytechnique from 1944 to 1946, and the É ...

(1921–2014), French physicist; son of Edmond, see the French site for

Other people: *

Brad Friedel Bradley Howard Friedel (born May 18, 1971) is an American professional soccer coach and former player who played as a goalkeeper. Friedel played 84 games for the United States national team between 1992 and 2005, and represented his country a ...

(born 1971), American international football (soccer) goalkeeper *

Frederic Friedel Frederic Alois Friedel (born 1945) studied Philosophy and Linguistics at the University of Hamburg without graduating. He joined the American sceptical society CSICOP (now the Committee for Skeptical Inquiry). In 1985, he met Garry Kasparov and soo ...

(born 1945), produced documentaries for German TV *

Samuel Friedel Samuel Nathaniel Friedel (April 18, 1898 – March 21, 1979), a Democratic Party (United States), Democrat, was a United States House of Representatives, U.S. Congressman who represented the United States House of Representatives, Maryland Distri ...

(1898–1979), former U.S. Congressman who represented the 7th congressional district of Maryland *

Joshua Friedel Joshua E. Friedel (born December 3, 1986) is an American chess player with the FIDE title of Grandmaster. He was the U.S. Open Champion in 2013. He has had notable wins against GMs Hikaru Nakamura, Boris Gulko, Ben Finegold, Timur Gareyev, a ...

(born 1986), American professional chess player

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Friedel's law Friedel's law, named after Georges Friedel, is a property of Fourier transforms of real functions. Given a real function f(x), its Fourier transform :F(k)=\int^_f(x)e^dx has the following properties. *F(k)=F^*(-k) \, where F^* is the complex co ...

, named after

, the crystallographer, is a property of Fourier transforms of real functions *

Friedel's salt Friedel's salt is an anion exchanger mineral belonging to the family of the layered double hydroxides (LDHs). It has affinity for anions as chloride and iodide and is capable of retaining them to a certain extent in its crystallographical struc ...

, discovered by

, is an anion exchanger mineral belonging to the family of the

layered double hydroxides Layered double hydroxides (LDH) are a class of ionic solids characterized by a layered structure with the generic layer sequence cB Z AcBsub>''n'', where c represents positively charged layers of metal cations, A and B are layers of hydroxide ( ...

(LDHs) *

Friedel oscillations In solid-state physics, Friedel oscillations, named after French physicist Jacques Friedel, arise from localized perturbations in a metallic or semiconductor system caused by a defect in the Fermi gas or Fermi liquid. Friedel oscillations are a ...

, peculiar behavior of electrons near impurities and interfaces in metals

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See also