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Frede Castberg (4 July 1893 – 4 November 1977) was a
Norwegian Norwegian, Norwayan, or Norsk may refer to: *Something of, from, or related to Norway, a country in northwestern Europe * Norwegians, both a nation and an ethnic group native to Norway * Demographics of Norway *The Norwegian language, including ...
jurist. The son of Johan Castberg, he served as professor and rector at the
University of Oslo The University of Oslo ( no, Universitetet i Oslo; la, Universitas Osloensis) is a public research university located in Oslo, Norway. It is the highest ranked and oldest university in Norway. It is consistently ranked among the top univers ...
as well as president of
The Hague Academy of International Law The Hague Academy of International Law (french: Académie de droit international de La Haye) is a center for high-level education in both public and private international law housed in the Peace Palace in The Hague, Netherlands. Courses are taug ...
.


Personal life

Frede Castberg was born in
Vardal Vardal is a former municipality in the old Oppland county, Norway. The municipality existed from 1838 until its dissolution in 1964. The area is now divided between Gjøvik Municipality and Vestre Toten Municipality in the traditional district ...
as the son of jurist and politician Johan Castberg (1862–1926) and his wife Karen Cathrine Anker (1867–1932).Genealogy
(vestraat.net)
He was the paternal great-grandson of priest and politician Peter Hersleb Harboe Castberg, grandson of customs surveyor and politician Johan Christian Tandberg Castberg, nephew of violinist Torgrim Castberg and first cousin of illustrator
Johan Christian Castberg Johan Christian Castberg (1 February 1911 – 1988) was a Norwegian illustrator and painter. He was born in Bergen to Ida Anker and Torgrim Castberg, and was married twice, to Fredrikke Mustad, and to the pianist Ingrid Kjellstrøm. In the 1 ...
. On the maternal side Frede Castberg was the nephew of Katti Anker Møller. Castberg was married twice. The first marriage, to Synnøve Reimers (died 1990), lasted between 1921 and 1925, and produced one daughter. In February 1927, Castberg married his cousin Ella Anker (died 1974). They had two daughters, born in late 1927 and in 1933.


Career

Like his father, Frede Castberg had an academic career. He enrolled as a student of law in 1911 and graduated as
cand.jur. Candidate of Law (Latin: ''candidatus/candidata juris/iuris'') is both a graduate law degree awarded to law students in the Nordic region as well as an academic status designation for advanced Law School students in German-speaking countries. No ...
in 1914. He held various jobs as a jurist in 1915 and 1916, before being issued grants to undertake further studies abroad. He studied
public law Public law is the part of law that governs relations between legal persons and a government, between different institutions within a State (polity), state, between Separation of powers, different branches of governments, as well as relationship ...
in France and England from 1916 to 1917, in Germany in 1919 and in Austria in 1921. From 1919 he was employed at the
University of Oslo The University of Oslo ( no, Universitetet i Oslo; la, Universitas Osloensis) is a public research university located in Oslo, Norway. It is the highest ranked and oldest university in Norway. It is consistently ranked among the top univers ...
as a
research fellow A research fellow is an academic research position at a university or a similar research institution, usually for academic staff or faculty members. A research fellow may act either as an independent investigator or under the supervision of a p ...
. He took the dr. juris degree in 1921, and was hired as a consultant at the
Norwegian Nobel Institute The Norwegian Nobel Institute ( no, Det Norske Nobelinstitutt) is located in Oslo, Norway. The institute is located at Henrik Ibsen Street 51 in the center of the city. It is situated just by the side of the Royal Palace. History The institute ...
in the same year. He left his post as research fellow in 1924, having been engaged as a secretary and advisor in the dispute between Norway and Denmark over
Greenland Greenland ( kl, Kalaallit Nunaat, ; da, Grønland, ) is an island country in North America that is part of the Kingdom of Denmark. It is located between the Arctic and Atlantic oceans, east of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Greenland is ...
. In 1925 he was hired permanently as a consultant in the
Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs The Royal Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs ( Norwegian (Bokmål): ''Det kongelige utenriksdepartement''; Norwegian (Nynorsk): ''Det kongelege utanriksdepartement'') is the foreign ministry of the Kingdom of Norway. It was established on Ju ...
. In 1928 Castberg was appointed professor of jurisprudence at the
University of Oslo The University of Oslo ( no, Universitetet i Oslo; la, Universitas Osloensis) is a public research university located in Oslo, Norway. It is the highest ranked and oldest university in Norway. It is consistently ranked among the top univers ...
. He specialized in
constitutional law Constitutional law is a body of law which defines the role, powers, and structure of different entities within a state, namely, the executive, the parliament or legislature, and the judiciary; as well as the basic rights of citizens and, in fed ...
,
administrative law Administrative law is the division of law that governs the activities of executive branch agencies of government. Administrative law concerns executive branch rule making (executive branch rules are generally referred to as " regulations"), ...
, philosophy of law and
public international law International law (also known as public international law and the law of nations) is the set of rules, norms, and standards generally recognized as binding between states. It establishes normative guidelines and a common conceptual framework for ...
. Among his most important publications were ''Norges statsforfatning'' (two volumes, 1933), ''Folkerett'' (1937), ''Rettsfilosofiske grunnspørsmål'' (1939), ''Norge under okkupasjonen; rettslige utredninger 1940–1943'' (1945) and ''Freedom of Speech in the West'' (1960). Castberg also became known to the general public, through lectures in
radio and television Radio is the technology of signaling and communicating using radio waves. Radio waves are electromagnetic waves of frequency between 30 hertz (Hz) and 300 gigahertz (GHz). They are generated by an electronic device called a transmit ...
. In addition, Castberg served as
rector Rector (Latin for the member of a vessel's crew who steers) may refer to: Style or title *Rector (ecclesiastical), a cleric who functions as an administrative leader in some Christian denominations *Rector (academia), a senior official in an edu ...
of the university from 1952 to 1958. During his time as rector,
political science Political science is the scientific study of politics. It is a social science dealing with systems of governance and power, and the analysis of political activities, political thought, political behavior, and associated constitutions and ...
was introduced as a separate discipline, being given its own department. Castberg retired as a professor in 1963. From 1962 to 1976 he presided over the curatorium of
The Hague Academy of International Law The Hague Academy of International Law (french: Académie de droit international de La Haye) is a center for high-level education in both public and private international law housed in the Peace Palace in The Hague, Netherlands. Courses are taug ...
, an institution seated in the
Peace Palace , native_name_lang = , logo = , logo_size = , logo_alt = , logo_caption = , image = La haye palais paix jardin face.JPG , image_size = , image_alt = , image_caption = The Peace Palace, The Hague , map_type = , map_alt = , m ...
together with the
International Court of Justice The International Court of Justice (ICJ; french: Cour internationale de justice, links=no; ), sometimes known as the World Court, is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations (UN). It settles disputes between states in accordanc ...
and the
Permanent Court of Arbitration The Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) is a non-UN intergovernmental organization located in The Hague, Netherlands. Unlike a judicial court in the traditional sense, the PCA provides services of arbitral tribunal to resolve disputes that aris ...
, and currently presided by
Boutros Boutros-Ghali Boutros Boutros-Ghali (; , ar, بطرس بطرس غالي ', ; 14 November 1922 – 16 February 2016) was an Egyptian politician and diplomat who served as the sixth Secretary-General of the United Nations (UN) from 1992 to 1996. An academic ...
. Among Castberg's most important publications in this period are ''La philosophie de droit'' (1970), ''Den europeiske konvensjon om menneskerettighetene'' (1971), ''Minner om politikk og vitenskap fra årene 1900–1970'' (1971) and ''Rett og revolusjon i Norge'' (1973). Frede Castberg died in 1977 in
Oslo Oslo ( , , or ; sma, Oslove) is the capital and most populous city of Norway. It constitutes both a county and a municipality. The municipality of Oslo had a population of in 2022, while the city's greater urban area had a population of ...
.


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Castberg, Frede 1893 births 1977 deaths Norwegian jurists Norwegian legal scholars Academic staff of the Faculty of Law, University of Oslo Rectors of the University of Oslo Norwegian legal writers The Hague Academy of International Law people