Franz Theodor Kugler (19 January 1808,

Stettin Szczecin ( , , ; ; ; or ) is the capital and largest city of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship in northwestern Poland. Located near the Baltic Sea and the German border, it is a major seaport, the largest city of northwestern Poland, and se ...

– 18 March 1858,

Berlin Berlin ( ; ) is the Capital of Germany, capital and largest city of Germany, by both area and List of cities in Germany by population, population. With 3.7 million inhabitants, it has the List of cities in the European Union by population withi ...

) was an art historian and cultural administrator for the

Prussian state Prussia (; ; Old Prussian: ''Prūsija'') was a German state centred on the North European Plain that originated from the 1525 secularization of the Prussian part of the State of the Teutonic Order. For centuries, the House of Hohenzoller ...

. He was the father of historian Bernhard von Kugler (1837–1898). He studied literature, music and the

visual arts The visual arts are art forms such as painting, drawing, printmaking, sculpture, ceramics (art), ceramics, photography, video, image, filmmaking, design, crafts, and architecture. Many artistic disciplines such as performing arts, conceptual a ...

at the

University of Berlin The Humboldt University of Berlin (, abbreviated HU Berlin) is a public research university in the central borough of Mitte in Berlin, Germany. The university was established by Frederick William III on the initiative of Wilhelm von Humbol ...

. After attending classes in

Heidelberg Heidelberg (; ; ) is the List of cities in Baden-Württemberg by population, fifth-largest city in the States of Germany, German state of Baden-Württemberg, and with a population of about 163,000, of which roughly a quarter consists of studen ...

, he returned to Berlin in 1827 in order to study

architecture Architecture is the art and technique of designing and building, as distinguished from the skills associated with construction. It is both the process and the product of sketching, conceiving, planning, designing, and construction, constructi ...

. In 1831 he obtained his doctorate under

Ernst Heinrich Toelken Ernst Heinrich Toelken (June 24, 1795, Bremen – January 26, 1878) was a German philosopher, Art historian and archaeologist. Early life Toelken was born in Bremen to businessman Heinrich Toelken. He was taught at home by his parents with a ...

with a dissertation on Werinher of

Tegernsee Tegernsee () is a Town#Germany, town in the Miesbach (district), Miesbach district of Bavaria, Germany. It is located on the banks of Tegernsee (lake), Lake Tegernsee, which is 747 m (2,451 ft) AMSL, above sea level. A spa town, it is su ...

. In 1833 he was appointed professor of

art history Art history is the study of Work of art, artistic works made throughout human history. Among other topics, it studies art’s formal qualities, its impact on societies and cultures, and how artistic styles have changed throughout history. Tradit ...

at the

Prussian Academy of Arts The Prussian Academy of Arts () was a state arts academy first established in 1694 by prince-elector Frederick III of Electorate of Brandenburg, Brandenburg in Berlin, in personal union Duke Frederick I of Prussia, and later king in Kingdom of ...

in Berlin, and ten years later, was named to the Ministry of Culture, from which he served as an overseer of Prussian art. Cultural historian,

Jakob Burckhardt Carl Jacob Christoph Burckhardt (; ; 25 May 1818 – 8 August 1897) was a Swiss historian of art and culture and an influential figure in the historiography of both fields. His best known work is '' The Civilization of the Renaissance in I ...

, was a prominent student of his.Kugler, Franz Theodor
in ''DICTIONARY OF ART HISTORIANS'' In 1837 he released his "''Handbuch der Geschichte der Malerei''" (2 volumes), and a few years later, he published the acclaimed "''Handbuch der Kunstgeschichte''", a comprehensive survey of world art. He was also the author of a biography on

Frederick the Great Frederick II (; 24 January 171217 August 1786) was the monarch of Prussia from 1740 until his death in 1786. He was the last Hohenzollern monarch titled ''King in Prussia'', declaring himself ''King of Prussia'' after annexing Royal Prussia ...

, "''Geschichte Friedrichs des Großen''" (1840) and of a monograph on architect

Karl Friedrich Schinkel Karl Friedrich Schinkel (13 March 1781 – 9 October 1841) was a Prussian architect, urban planning, city planner and painter who also designed furniture and stage sets. Schinkel was one of the most prominent architects of Germany and designed b ...

(1842). From 1833 to 1837, he was editor of the journal "''Museum, Blätter für bildende Kunst''".

Johannes Brahms Johannes Brahms (; ; 7 May 1833 – 3 April 1897) was a German composer, virtuoso pianist, and conductor of the mid-Romantic period (music), Romantic period. His music is noted for its rhythmic vitality and freer treatment of dissonance, oft ...

employed text written by Kugler for his ''Ständchen ("Der Mond steht über dem Berge")'', a song for voice and piano, Op. 106/1.

Literary works

* ''Skizzenbuch'', Berlin 1830 * ''Liederbuch für deutsche Künstler'', 1833 (with Robert Reinick) – Song book for German artists. * ''Die Bilderhandschrift der Eneidt'', 1834 – The

illuminated manuscript An illuminated manuscript is a formally prepared manuscript, document where the text is decorated with flourishes such as marginalia, borders and Miniature (illuminated manuscript), miniature illustrations. Often used in the Roman Catholic Churc ...

of Eneidt. * ''Handbuch der Geschichte der Malerei'', 2 Vols., 1837 – Handbook on the history of painting. * ''Geschichte Friedrichs des Großen'', (with

Adolph Menzel Adolph Friedrich Erdmann von Menzel (8 December 18159 February 1905) was a German Realist artist noted for drawings, etchings, and paintings. Along with Caspar David Friedrich, he is considered one of the two most prominent German painters of t ...

) Leipzig 1840 – History of Frederick the Great. * ''Handbuch der Kunstgeschichte'', 2 Vols.,

Stuttgart Stuttgart (; ; Swabian German, Swabian: ; Alemannic German, Alemannic: ; Italian language, Italian: ; ) is the capital city, capital and List of cities in Baden-Württemberg by population, largest city of the States of Germany, German state of ...

, 1841 & 1842 – Handbook of art history. * ''Kleine Schriften und Studien zur Kunstgeschichte'', 1853 – Smaller works and studies of art history. * ''Geschichte der Baukunst'', 1856 – History of architecture. Works by Franz Kugler that have been published in English * "A hand-book of the history of painting : from the age of Constantine the Great to the present time", London : J. Murray, 1842-1846. (2 volumes). * "History of Frederick the Great", London : G. Virtue, 1844. * "Handbook of painting : the German, Flemish, Dutch, Spanish, and French schools" London : John Murray, 1854. 2 volumes (translated by Margaret Hutton). * "Handbook of painting: the Italian schools. Based on the Handbook of Kugler". London, J. Murray, 1874 (4th edition). * "Life of Frederick the Great, comprehending complete history of the Silesian campaigns and the seven years' war", New York, The Perkins Book Company, 1902 (an introduction by G. Mercer Adam).WorldCat Search
published works

References

External links

*
Artikel in der Allgemeinen Deutschen Biographie
(Leipzig 1875) * https://web.archive.org/web/19990128231247/http://www.lib.byu.edu/~rdh/prmss/h-k/kugler.html

in the
''Dictionary of Art Historians''
Lee Sorensen, ed.

(Universiteitsbibliotheek Utrecht)

(Universiteitsbibliotheek Utrecht)

(Universiteitsbibliotheek Utrecht) {{DEFAULTSORT:Kugler, Franz Theodor 1808 births 1858 deaths Writers from Szczecin German art historians People from the Province of Pomerania German male poets 19th-century German poets 19th-century German male writers German male non-fiction writers Scholars from the Kingdom of Prussia