Franz Suchomel

Franz Suchomel (3 December 1907 – 18 December 1979)Samuel Willenberg: ''Treblinka Lager. Revolte. Flucht. Warschauer Aufstand.'' Anm. 9, p. 217. Unrast-Verlag, Münster 2009, was a Sudeten German Nazi war criminal. He participated in the Action T4 euthanasia program, in Operation Reinhard, and the ''Einsatzgruppen'' actions in the Adriatic operational zone. He was convicted at the Treblinka trials in September 1965 and spent four years in prison.

Career

Franz Suchomel was born in Krumau, Bohemia in 1907, when it was part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. After leaving school he worked as an apprentice in his father's tailor shop and took over the family business in 1936. At the end of the 1920s, and again briefly in the fall of 1938, he served in the Czechoslovak Army. Suchomel joined the Sudeten German Party (SdP) in 1938. After the incorporation of the Sudetenland to the Third Reich as a result of the Munich Agreement, he became a member of the National Socialist Motor Corps (NSKK), a paramilitary organization of the Nazi Party.Henry Friedländer: ''The Origins of Nazi Genocide – From Euthanasia to the Final Solution'', Chapel Hill 1995, p. 240. At the beginning of the Second World War, Suchomel was a tailor in the German Army and served in the Battle of France in 1940. In March 1941 he became a photographer at the Hadamar Euthanasia Centre in the Action T4 headquarters in Berlin, where he took photographs of victims before their killing.Ernst Klee: ''Das Personenlexikon zum Dritten Reich: Wer war was vor und nach 1945.'', Frankfurt am Main 2007, p. 615

Operation Reinhardt

In August 1942, Suchomel was transferred to the Treblinka extermination camp. There he was responsible for handling incoming transports of Jewish victims as well as the confiscation and collection of valuables. He urged Jewish women on their way to the gas chambers disguised as showers:Treblinka Trial
at Shoah.de "Dear ladies, quickly, quickly, quickly, the water is getting cold."

In October 1943 he served at the Sobibor extermination camp for a short time. After Operation Reinhard ended in November 1943, Suchomel was transferred along with the rest of Globocnik's staff to Operational Zone of the Adriatic Littoral in Trieste. Here he was a member of ''Sonderabteilung Einsatz R'' (English: "Special Action Unit R"), involved in extermination of Jews, confiscation of Jewish assets, and fighting partisan activity. As the end of the war approached, the "Special Unit" withdrew from northern Italy at the end of April 1945. Suchomel wound up in American captivity there as a prisoner of war and was released in August 1945.Short Biography of Franz Suchomel
at deathcamps.org, retrieved 07-May-2012 After 1949 Suchomel lived in Altötting, Bavaria. There he was again employed as a tailor, and served in five amateur orchestras as well as in the Catholic church choir.

Trial, conviction, and later life

Twenty years after the end of the war, in the framework of first official investigations into crimes against humanity at the Treblinka extermination camp, German authorities collected evidence of Suchomel's participation in the Holocaust. He was arrested on 11 July 1963. The Treblinka trials took place from 12 October 1964 until 3 September 1965 against ten defendants before the 3rd District Court of Düsseldorf. The charges consisted of the murder of at least 700,000 mainly Jewish people in the gas chambers, as well as deadly assault, shootings, and hangings of individual prisoners. Suchomel was convicted of accessory to murder and sentenced to six years in jail. Suchomel was released from prison on 20 December 1967.

Franz Suchomel was secretly recorded during an interview for the documentary film ''Shoah'', directed by Claude Lanzmann and released in 1985. During the interview at the Hotel Post in Braunau am Inn, he provided details of Treblinka criminal operations. He performed the Treblinka song which prisoners had to learn upon arrival at the camp. The lyrics in English translation were: "We know only the word of our commandant. We know only obedience and duty. We want to serve, to go on serving until a little luck once awaits us. Hurray!"Micha Brumlik:
Der zähe Schaum der Verdrängung
', in Der Spiegel, Edition 8/1986, 17 February 1986, pp. 192–197. He died on 18 December 1979.

References

Literature

* Henry Friedlander
''The Origins of Nazi Genocide – From Euthanasia to the final Solution''
Chapel Hill 1995,
* Ernst Klee: ''Das Personenlexikon zum Dritten Reich: Wer war was vor und nach 1945.'' Fischer-Taschenbuch-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 2007, .
* Informationsmaterial des Bildungswerks Stanislaw Hantz e.V.: ''Schöne Zeiten – Materialsammlung zu den Vernichtungslagern der Aktion Reinhardt Belzec, Sobibor, Treblinka'', Reader
* Samuel Willenberg: ''Treblinka Lager. Revolte. Flucht. Warschauer Aufstand.'' S. 95/96. Unrast-Verlag, Münster 2009,

External links

Kurzbiografie und Foto von Franz Suchomel


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{{DEFAULTSORT:Suchomel, Franz
1907 births
1979 deaths
People from Český Krumlov
Aktion T4 personnel
German Bohemian people
National Socialist Motor Corps members
People convicted in the Treblinka trials
Sobibor extermination camp personnel
SS non-commissioned officers
German tailors
20th-century tailors
Treblinka extermination camp personnel
Sonderabteilung Einsatz R personnel
Holocaust perpetrators in Poland
Holocaust photographers
German Army soldiers of World War II
German prisoners of war in World War II held by the United States