Franc Janke (1790-c. 1860) was a Slovak-born

Habsburg The House of Habsburg (; ), also known as the House of Austria, was one of the most powerful dynasties in the history of Europe and Western civilization. They were best known for their inbreeding and for ruling vast realms throughout Europe d ...

engineer Engineers, as practitioners of engineering, are professionals who Invention, invent, design, build, maintain and test machines, complex systems, structures, gadgets and materials. They aim to fulfill functional objectives and requirements while ...

and

architect An architect is a person who plans, designs, and oversees the construction of buildings. To practice architecture means to provide services in connection with the design of buildings and the space within the site surrounding the buildings that h ...

who was invited to

Serbia , image_flag = Flag of Serbia.svg , national_motto = , image_coat = Coat of arms of Serbia.svg , national_anthem = () , image_map = , map_caption = Location of Serbia (gree ...

by the City of Belgrade's Public Works department to design new, contemporary buildings in the style befitting Serbia in the 1830s. Shortly after a

Hatt-i Humayun Hatt-i humayun ( , plural , ), also known as hatt-i sharif ( , plural , ), was the diplomatics term for a document or handwritten note of an official nature composed and personally signed by an Ottoman sultan. These notes were commonly written b ...

(also known as ''Hatti-sherif'') in 1830 and gaining some independence from the

Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire (), also called the Turkish Empire, was an empire, imperial realm that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Centr ...

, Prince

Miloš Obrenović Miloš Obrenović (; ; 18 March 1780 or 1783 – 26 September 1860) born Miloš Teodorović (; ), also known as Miloš the Great () was the Prince of Serbia twice, from 1815 to 1839, and from 1858 to 1860. He was an eminent figure of the Firs ...

realized that the local staff could not realize his idea of a new city, so he asked for help from a citizen of

Imperial Austria The Austrian Empire, officially known as the Empire of Austria, was a multinational European great power from 1804 to 1867, created by proclamation out of the realms of the Habsburgs. During its existence, it was the third most populous mon ...

. The first "government engineer" was Slovak Franz Janke. Janke came from

Vienna Vienna ( ; ; ) is the capital city, capital, List of largest cities in Austria, most populous city, and one of Federal states of Austria, nine federal states of Austria. It is Austria's primate city, with just over two million inhabitants. ...

on the recommendation of Cvetko Rajović, the then-mayor of Belgrade. Janke stayed in Serbia for nine years in the most difficult times of its renewal. He was fired during the politically charged dynastic changes in 1839. The continued prevalence of Western architectural concepts in Serbia has been credited to him. He is credited with the Cathedral,

Đumrukana Theatre on Đumruk, or Đumrukana ( sr-Cyr, Ђумрукана), was a theatre in Belgrade, the capital of Serbia. Originally a customs house which was built in 1835 near Belgrade docks in the neighborhood of Savamala, it was adapted into the thea ...

(Customs House) in ''Karađorđeva Street'' demolished during World War II, the first building in Belgrade in the spirit of classicism, then the facade of the State Council in ''Ulica Kraljice Natalije 29'', also demolished, the house of Cvetko Rajović, later Realka High School Building (or

Realschule Real school (, ) is a type of secondary school in Germany, Switzerland and Liechtenstein. It has also existed in Croatia (''realna gimnazija''), the Austrian Empire, the German Empire, Denmark and Norway (''realskole''), Sweden (''realskola''), F ...

) on the corner '' Uzun-Mirkova'' and ''Tadeuša Košćuška,'' and the urban plan of the wider area around the corner of ''Kralja Milana'' and ''Kneza Miloša''. Cvetko Rajović's house is the first residential building in Belgrade built under the influence of Western-style, expertly and with a rich facade decoration. Other architects soon followed him such as Czech-born Jan Nevole, German-born Johann Franzel, Italian-born Josif Kasano,

Nikola Živković Nikola () is a given name which, like Nicholas, is a version of the Greek ''Nikolaos'' (Νικόλαος) and it means "the winner of the people". It is common as a masculine given name in the South Slavic countries (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulg ...

Atanasije Nikolić Atanasije Nikolić (Serbian language, Serbian: ; Bački Brestovac, Bačka, 18 January 1803 — Belgrade, 28 July 1882) was a Principality of Serbia, Serbian teacher and writer, the first mathematics professor and Rector (academia), rector at the L ...

, Filip Hristović, Pavle Djakonović, Konstantin Radotić, Janja Mihajlović, Nikola Jovanović,

Jovan Ristić Jovan Ristić ( sr-Cyrl, Јован Ристић; 16 January 1831 – 4 September 1899) was a Serbian politician, diplomat and historian. Biography Ristić was born in Kragujevac in a poor family where he attended elementary school. In 1842 he ...

, Kosta Šreplović, Andrea Andrejević, Andrija Vuković, etc.ПРЕГЛЕД СПОМЕНИКА АРХИТЕКТУРЕ У СРБИЈИ XIX ВЕКА
heritage.gov.rs

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Janke, Franz Architects from the Austrian Empire Engineers from the Austrian Empire 1790 births 1860 deaths