Francisco Fernández y Félix, better known as Francisco Victoria, (1796 – 11 September 1830) was an insurgent of the

Mexican War of Independence The Mexican War of Independence (, 16 September 1810 – 27 September 1821) was an armed conflict and political process resulting in Mexico's independence from the Spanish Empire. It was not a single, coherent event, but local and regional ...

. Being a republican and

federalist The term ''federalist'' describes several political beliefs around the world. It may also refer to the concept of parties, whose members or supporters call themselves ''Federalists''. History Europe federation In Europe, proponents of deep ...

ideologue, he fought against the

imperialist Imperialism is the maintaining and extending of power over foreign nations, particularly through expansionism, employing both hard power (military and economic power) and soft power ( diplomatic power and cultural imperialism). Imperialism fo ...

regime of Agustín de Iturbide and the centralist regime of Anastasio Bustamante.

Biography

His parents were Manuel Fernández and Alejandra Félix. Like his brother,

Guadalupe Victoria Guadalupe Victoria (; 29 September 178621 March 1843), born José Miguel Ramón Adaucto Fernández y Félix, was a Mexican general and politician who fought for independence against the Spanish Empire in the Mexican War of Independence and afte ...

, he adopted the surname ''Victoria'' once he joined the struggle for independence on 16 June 1821. He formed a division within the modern state of

Durango Durango, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Durango, is one of the 31 states which make up the Political divisions of Mexico, 32 Federal Entities of Mexico, situated in the northwest portion of the country. With a population of 1,832,650 ...

. Due to his opposition to the ideas of Agustín de Iturbide, he was imprisoned in

Mexico City Mexico City is the capital city, capital and List of cities in Mexico, largest city of Mexico, as well as the List of North American cities by population, most populous city in North America. It is one of the most important cultural and finan ...

. After the

First Mexican Empire The Mexican Empire (, ) was a constitutional monarchy and the first independent government of Mexico. It was also the only former viceroyalty of the Spanish Empire to establish a monarchy after gaining independence. The empire existed from 18 ...

, he participated in various war commissions in Durango,

Guanajuato Guanajuato, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Guanajuato, is one of the 32 states that make up the Political divisions of Mexico, Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided into Municipalities of Guanajuato, 46 municipalities and its cap ...

, and

Veracruz Veracruz, formally Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave, is one of the 31 states which, along with Mexico City, comprise the 32 Political divisions of Mexico, Federal Entit ...

. In 1829, he with

Antonio López de Santa Anna Antonio de Padua María Severino López de Santa Anna y Pérez de Lebrón (21 February 1794 – 21 June 1876),Callcott, Wilfred H., "Santa Anna, Antonio Lopez De,''Handbook of Texas Online'' Retrieved 18 April 2017. often known as Santa Anna, wa ...

fought against the attempted reconquest of Mexico commanded by Isidro Barradas. In 1830, he joined Juan Álvarez's campaign to defend the cause of

Vicente Guerrero Vicente Ramón Guerrero Saldaña (; baptized 10 August 1782 – 14 February 1831) was a Mexican military officer from 1810–1821 and a statesman who became the nation's second president in 1829. He was one of the leading generals who fought ag ...

, who had lost the presidency to the Jalapa Plan. On 21 April 1830, he was taken prisoner by Tomás Moreno, but escaped with help from friends. On 9 September, while trevling with Agapito Casasola, he was again apprehended at mill in

Puebla Puebla, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Puebla, is one of the 31 states that, along with Mexico City, comprise the Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided into 217 municipalities and its capital is Puebla City. Part of east-centr ...

owned by governor Cosme Furlong. He was sentenced to death, and promptly executed on 11 September 1830 under the orders of Albino Pérez, sergeant major of the 5th regiment. His brother's absence of a rescue attempt has been attributed to him being physically unable.

References

Bibliography

* * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Victoria, Francisco People of the Mexican War of Independence 1796 births 1830 deaths 19th-century Mexican military personnel