Fort De Caluire
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Fort de Caluire () was an old fortification situated in
Caluire-et-Cuire Caluire-et-Cuire (; ) is a commune in the Metropolis of Lyon in the department of Rhône, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, eastern France. It is the fifth-largest suburb of the city of Lyon Lyon (Franco-Provençal: ''Liyon'') is a city in France. ...
. Now demolished, it was part of the first belt of forts protecting
Lyon Lyon (Franco-Provençal: ''Liyon'') is a city in France. It is located at the confluence of the rivers Rhône and Saône, to the northwest of the French Alps, southeast of Paris, north of Marseille, southwest of Geneva, Switzerland, north ...
.


History

Built in 1831, it was connected to the
Fort de Montessuy The Fort de Montessuy is a fort in the first belt of fortifications in Lyon, located in the neighborhood of Montessuy in Caluire-et-Cuire, Caluire-et-Cuire, Rhône, France. History Built in 1831, it was linked to Fort de Caluire, its less imposi ...
by a long chamber, from which it defended the approaches to the
Croix-Rousse La Croix-Rousse () is a hill high in the city of Lyon, France, as well as the name of a neighborhood located on this hill. The neighborhood is divided into ''les pentes'' (slopes, belonging to the city's 1st arrondissement) and ''le plateau'' ( ...
along the road from the
Dombes The Dombes (; ) is an area in eastern France, once an independent municipality, formerly part of the provinces of France, province of Burgundy (region), Burgundy, and now a district comprised in the department of France, department of Ain, and b ...
. Placed on the slope of the
Saône The Saône ( , ; ; ) is a river in eastern France (modern Regions of France, region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté). It is a right tributary of the Rhône, rising at Vioménil in the Vosges (department), Vosges Departments of France, department an ...
it defended the river, along with Fort de Loyasse,
Fort Duchère The Fort Duchère (, ) or Fort Balmont (, ) is located in the 9th arrondissement of Lyon. Composed of five bastions built between 1844 and 1851, it is part of the first belt of fortifications in Lyon, which include: * Fort de Caluire (now demoli ...
and Fort Saint-Jean. It was square, with a
bastion A bastion is a structure projecting outward from the curtain wall of a fortification, most commonly angular in shape and positioned at the corners of the fort. The fully developed bastion consists of two faces and two flanks, with fire from the ...
at each corner. In the 1860s a mushroom farm operated in the underground enclosure connecting the two forts, with the old bastions repurposed into underground grow-rooms.. T


Today

The fort was demolished in 1933 to make way for the construction of the current Henri Cochet stadium. A few clues remain as to its location such as the present street known as the montée (rise or climb) des Forts; the entrance to fort de Caluire was at the current intersection of montée des Forts and avenue Paul Doumer. File:Wagonnet_des_Champignonnières_du_fort_de_Montessuy_Caluire.JPG, Wagon from the mushroom farm File:Caluire Montée des Forts-Panneau.JPG, Street sign File:Fragment_du_vestige_de_Fort_de_Caluire,_Lyon,_France_-_25_April_2011.jpg , Traces of the fort File:Vestige_fort_de_Caluire.JPG , Fort ruins


See also

*
Ceintures de Lyon The ceintures de Lyon (; "Belts of Lyon") were a series of fortifications built between 1830 and 1890 around the city of Lyon, France, to protect the city from foreign invasion. The belts comprised two defensive barriers that included forts, Lu ...
* Fort Saint-Jean (Lyon)


References


Bibliography

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Caluire, Fort de Fortifications of Lyon Fortification lines Fortifications in France 19th-century fortifications World War II articles needing attention to supporting materials 19th-century architecture in France