chess Chess is a board game for two players. It is an abstract strategy game that involves Perfect information, no hidden information and no elements of game of chance, chance. It is played on a square chessboard, board consisting of 64 squares arran ...

, a fork is a tactic in which a piece multiple enemy pieces simultaneously. The attacker usually aims to capture one of the forked pieces. The defender often cannot counter every threat. A fork is most effective when it is , such as when the king is put in check. A fork is a type of .

Terminology

A fork is an example of a . The type of fork is named after the type of forking piece. For example, a fork by a

knight A knight is a person granted an honorary title of a knighthood by a head of state (including the pope) or representative for service to the monarch, the church, or the country, especially in a military capacity. The concept of a knighthood ...

is a ''knight fork''. The attacked pieces are ''forked''. If the

king King is a royal title given to a male monarch. A king is an Absolute monarchy, absolute monarch if he holds unrestricted Government, governmental power or exercises full sovereignty over a nation. Conversely, he is a Constitutional monarchy, ...

is one of the attacked pieces, the term ''absolute fork'' is sometimes used, while a fork not involving the enemy king is a ''relative fork''. A fork of the king and queen, the highest -gaining fork possible, is sometimes called a ''royal fork''. A fork of the enemy king, queen, and one (or both) rooks is sometimes called a ''grand fork''. A knight fork of the enemy king, queen, and possibly other pieces is sometimes called a ''family fork'' or ''family check''.

Strategy

While any piece can deliver a fork, knights are particularly effective as the forking piece because they cannot be captured by the non-knight pieces they attack, and as a they are less valuable than rooks and queens. Compared to forks by other pieces, a queen fork requires more specific conditions to be helpful due to the queen's higher value. A queen fork can often lead to material or positional gain, however, when the forked pieces are undefended, poorly coordinated, or when one piece is the king.

Game examples

This example is from the first round of the FIDE World Chess Championship 2004 between Mohamed Tissir and Alexey Dreev. After :33... Nf2+ 34. Kg1 Nd3 White resigned. In the final position the black knight forks White's queen and rook; after the queen moves away, Black will win the exchange.
This example is from the ninth round of the Clarin GP Final between Guillermo Soppe and Fernando Braga. After :40... Qh1+ White resigned. The only move is 41.Ke2 which enables a royal fork with 41...Nc3+, winning the queen. In the Two Knights Defense (1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Nf6) after 4.Nc3, Black can eliminate White's e4-pawn immediately with :4... Nxe4 due to the ''fork trick'' :5. Nxe4 d5 regaining either the bishop or the knight.

References

{{chess, sp=us Chess tactics Chess terminology