The flip jump (also called the flip, and formerly ''toe salchow'') is a
figure skating jump. The
International Skating Union
The International Skating Union (ISU) is the international sport governing body, governing body for competitive ice skating disciplines, including figure skating, synchronized skating, speed skating, and short track speed skating. It was founded ...
(ISU) defines a flip jump as "a toe jump that takes off from a back inside edge and lands on the back outside edge of the opposite foot".
[Media Guide, p. 16] It is executed with assistance from the toe of the free foot.
History
The origin of the flip jump is unknown, although American professional figure skater
Bruce Mapes might have created it.
claimed that he and his student
Montgomery Wilson invented it. The jump was sometimes called the Wilson in Canada and the Mapes in the United States after Mapes's wife, Evelyn Chandler Mapes, who popularized the jump there.
Writer Ellyn Kestnbaum calls the jump "somewhat trickier than the
loop for most skaters. considerably more so than the
salchow or
toe loop
Toes are the digits of the foot of a tetrapod. Animal species such as cats that walk on their toes are described as being ''digitigrade''. Humans, and other animals that walk on the soles of their feet, are described as being ''plantigrade''; ...
",
[Kestnbaum, p. 289] because of its unstable inside edge and the precision required to align and time the jump's vault from the toepick.
As a consequence, quadruple flip jumps are, as
ESPN
ESPN (an initialism of their original name, which was the Entertainment and Sports Programming Network) is an American international basic cable sports channel owned by the Walt Disney Company (80% and operational control) and Hearst Commu ...
puts it, "rare". Kestnbaum also states that it is crucial that the skater's edge not be too deep, but instead almost forms a straight line.
Variations of the flip jump include the half flip and the split flip. The half flip is often used as a simple transitional movement during a
step sequence
A step sequence is a required element in all four disciplines of figure skating, Single skating, men's single skating, women's single skating, pair skating, and ice dance. Step sequences have been defined as "steps and turns in a pattern on the ic ...
and as a takeoff for other half jumps. A split flip is a single flip jump with a
split
Split(s) or The Split may refer to:
Places
* Split, Croatia, the largest coastal city in Croatia
* Split Island, Canada, an island in the Hudson Bay
* Split Island, Falkland Islands
* Split Island, Fiji, better known as Hạfliua
Arts, enter ...
position at the peak of the skater's position in the air.
There is no record of the first male skater to perform the triple flip.
In competitions, the base value of a single flip is 0.50; the base value of a double flip is 1.80; the base value of a triple flip is 5.30; the base value of a quadruple flip is 11.00; and the base value of a quintuple flip is 14.
Firsts
Gallery
File:2020-01-11 Women's Single Figure Skating Short Program (2020 Winter Youth Olympics) by Sandro Halank–705.jpg, You Young begins the flip jump with her left foot on the inside edge and her right toe pick about to hit the ice
File:2020-01-11 Women's Single Figure Skating Short Program (2020 Winter Youth Olympics) by Sandro Halank–707.jpg, You Young begins to take off the ice
File:Březinová - 2016 Euro - 5.jpg, Eliška Březinová landing
File:Jason Brown 2025 Worlds Short Program 3F.webm, Video of Jason Brown performing a triple flip jump
References
Works cited
*
* Kestnbaum, Ellyn (2003). ''Culture on Ice: Figure Skating and Cultural Meaning''. Middletown, Connecticut: Wesleyan University Press. .
External links
Shoma Uno's first quad flip(YouTube clip)
Comparison of Nathan Chen and Shoma Uno's quad flip(YouTube clip)
{{Figure skating
Figure skating elements
Jumping sports