''Flavobacterium'' is a genus of

Gram-negative Gram-negative bacteria are bacteria that, unlike gram-positive bacteria, do not retain the crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining method of bacterial differentiation. Their defining characteristic is that their cell envelope consists ...

, nonmotile and motile,

rod-shaped Bacterial cellular morphologies are the shapes that are characteristic of various types of bacteria and often key to their identification. Their direct examination under a light microscope enables the classification of these bacteria (and archae ...

bacteria Bacteria (; : bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one Cell (biology), biological cell. They constitute a large domain (biology), domain of Prokaryote, prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micr ...

that consists of 130 recognized species. Flavobacteria are found in soil and fresh water in a variety of environments. Several species are known to cause disease in freshwater fish. ''

Flavobacterium psychrophilum ''Flavobacterium psychrophilum'' is a psychrophilic, gram-negative bacterial rod (3-5 μm in length), belonging to the Bacteroidota. It is the causative agent of bacterial coldwater disease (BCWD) and was first isolated in 1948 during a die- ...

'' causes the

bacterial cold water disease Bacterial cold water disease (BCWD) is a bacterial disease of freshwater fish, specifically salmonid fish. It is caused by the bacterium '' Flavobacterium psychrophilum'' (previously classified in the genus '' Cytophaga''), a psychrophilic, gram ...

on salmonids and the rainbow trout fry disease on

rainbow trout The rainbow trout (''Oncorhynchus mykiss'') is a species of trout native to cold-water tributary, tributaries of the Pacific Ocean in North America and Asia. The steelhead (sometimes called steelhead trout) is an Fish migration#Classification, ...

. '' F. columnare'' causes the cotton-wool disease on freshwater fishes. '' F. branchiophilum'' causes the bacterial gill disease on

trout Trout (: trout) is a generic common name for numerous species of carnivorous freshwater ray-finned fishes belonging to the genera '' Oncorhynchus'', ''Salmo'' and ''Salvelinus'', all of which are members of the subfamily Salmoninae in the ...

. Another member of this genus, '' F. okeanokoites'' is the original source for the type IIs

restriction endonuclease A restriction enzyme, restriction endonuclease, REase, ENase or'' restrictase '' is an enzyme that cleaves DNA into fragments at or near specific recognition sites within molecules known as restriction sites. Restriction enzymes are one class o ...

''Fok''I, used in

Zinc finger nuclease Zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs) are artificial restriction enzymes generated by fusing a zinc finger DNA-binding domain to a nuclease, DNA-cleavage domain. Zinc finger domains can be engineered to target specific desired DNA sequences and this enab ...

s and

TALENs Transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALEN) are restriction enzymes that can be engineered to cut specific sequences of DNA. They are made by fusing a TAL effector DNA-binding domain to a DNA cleavage domain (a nuclease which cuts DN ...

. Species who are a part of the genus ''Flavobacterium'' are most likely found scattered along in nature. These microbes are mostly found in aquatic ecosystems and wet areas with freshwater or seawater.

Species

The genus ''Flavobacterium'' comprises the following species: '' F. acidificum''
'' F. aciduliphilum''
'' F. acidurans''
'' F. agri''
'' F. agrisoli''
'' F. ahnfeltiae''
'' F. ajazii''
'' F. album''
'' F. algicola''
'' F. alkalisoli''
'' F. ammonificans''
'' F. ammoniigenes''
'' F. amnicola''
'' F. amnigenum''
'' F. anatoliense''
'' F. anhuiense''
'' F. antarcticum''
'' F. aquaticum''
'' F. akiainvivens''
'' F. aquariorum''
'' F. aquatile''
'' F. aquicola''
'' F. aquidurense''
'' F. aquimarinum''
'' F. araucananum''
'' F. arcticum''
'' F. arsenatis''
'' F. arsenitoxidans''
'' F. aurantiibacter''
'' F. aureus''
'' F. banpakuense''
'' F. baculatum''
'' F. beibuense''
'' F. bernardetii''
'' F. bizetiae''
'' F. bomense''
'' F. bomensis''
'' F. branchiarum''
'' F. branchiicola''
'' F. branchiophilum''
'' F. breve''
'' F. brevivitae''
'' F. buctense''
'' F. caeni''
'' F. caseinilyticum''
'' F. cauense''
'' F. cellulosilyticum''
'' F. ceti''
'' F. cerinum''
'' F. cheniae''
'' F. cheongpyeongense''
'' F. cheonanense''
'' F. cheonhonense''
'' F. chilense''
'' F. chryseum''
'' F. chungangense''
'' F. chungbukense''
'' F. chungnamense''
'' F. circumlabens''
'' F. collinsense''
'' F. collinsii''
'' F. columnare''
'' F. compostarboris''
'' F. commune''
'' F. coralii''
'' F. covae''
'' F. crassostreae''
'' F. croceum''
'' F. crocinum''
'' F. cucumis''
'' F. cupreum''
'' F. cutihirudinis''
'' F. cyanobacteriorum''
'' F. daejeonense''
'' F. daemonensis''
'' F. dankookense''
'' F. dasani''
'' F. dauae''
'' F. davisii''
'' F. defluvii''
'' F. degerlache''
'' F. denitrificans''
'' F. devorans''
'' F. difficile''
'' F. dispersum''
'' F. dongtanense''
'' F. eburneum''
'' F. endophyticum''
'' F. endoglycinae''
'' F. enshiense''
'' F. faecale''
'' F. ferrugineum''
'' F. filum''
'' F. flaviflagrans''
'' F. flevense''
'' F. fluviale''
'' F. fluviatile''
'' F. fluvii''
'' F. fontis''
'' F. franklandianum''
'' F. frigidarium''
'' F. frigidimaris''
'' F frigoris''
'' F. fryxellicola''
'' F. fulvum''
'' F. gelidilacus''
'' F. gawalongense''
'' F. gillisiae''
'' F. ginsengisoli''
'' F. ginsenosidimutans''
'' F. glaciei''
'' F. glycines''
'' F. granuli''
'' F. halmophilum''
'' F. hankyongi''
'' F. haoranii''
'' F. hauense''
'' F. hercynium''
'' F. hibernum''
'' F. hiemivividum''
'' F. humi''
'' F. humicola''
'' F. hydatis''
'' F. hydrocarbonoxydans''
'' F. hydrophilum''
'' F. ichthyis''
'' F. indicum''
'' F. inkyongense''
'' F. inviolabile''
'' F. jejuense''
'' F. jocheonensis''
'' F. johnsoniae''
'' F. jumunjinense''
'' F. kingsejongi''
'' F. knui''
'' F. koreense''
'' F. kyungheense''
'' F. lacicola''
'' F. lacunae''
'' F. lacus''
'' F. laiguense''
'' F. limicola''
'' F. limnosediminis''
'' F. lindanitolerans''
'' F. longum''
'' F. lotistagni''
'' F. luticocti''
'' F. lutivivi''
'' F. macrobrachii''
'' F. magnum''
'' F. maotaiense''
'' F. marinum''
'' F. maris''
'' F.microcysteis''
'' F. micromati''
'' F. mizutaii''
'' F. muglaense''
'' F. myungsuense''
'' F. multivorum''
'' F. nackdongense''
'' F. naphthae''
'' F. nitratireducens''
'' F. nitrogenifigens''
'' F. niveum''
'' F. noncentrifugens''
'' F. notoginsengisoli''
'' F. oceanosedimentum''
'' F. omnivorum''
'' F. oncorhynchi''
'' F. okeanokoites''
'' F. orientale''
'' F. oreochromis''
'' F. oryzae''
'' F. panici''
'' F. palustre''
'' F. paronense''
'' F. parvum''
'' F. pectinovorum''
'' F. pedocola''
'' F. petrolei''
'' F. phocarum''
'' F. phragmitis''
'' F. phycosphaerae''
'' F. piscinae''
'' F. piscis''
'' F. plurextorum''
'' F. pokkalii''
'' F. ponti''
'' F. procerum''
'' F. profundi''
'' F. psychrolimnae''
'' F. psychrophilum''
'' F. psychroterrae''
'' F. psychrotolerans''
'' F. qiangtangense''
'' F. rakeshii''
'' F. ranwuense''
'' F. reichenbachii''
'' F. resistens''
'' F restrictum''
'' F. rhamnosiphilum''
'' F. riviphilum''
'' F. rivuli''
'' F. saccharophilum''
'' F. saliperosum''
'' F. salilacus''
'' F. salmonis''
'' F. sandaracinum''
'' F. sangjuense''
'' F. sasangense''
'' F. segetis''
'' F. sediminilitoris''
'' F. sediminis''
'' F. selenitireducens''
'' F. seoulense''
'' F. sharifuzzamanii''
'' F. silvaticum''
'' F. silvisoli''
'' F. sinopsychrotolerans''
'' F. soli''
'' F. solisilvae''
'' F. spartansii''
'' F. squillarum''
'' F. stagni''
'' F. suaedae''
'' F. subsaxonicum''
'' F. succinans''
'' F. suncheonense''
'' F. supellecticarium''
'' F. suzhouense''
'' F. swingsii''
'' F. tagetis''
'' F. tangerina''
'' F. tangerinum''
'' F. tegetincola''
'' F. terrae''
'' F. terrigena''
'' F. terriphilum''
'' F. thermophilum''
'' F. tiangeerense''
'' F. tibetense''
'' F. tilapiae''
'' F. tistrianum''
'' F. tructae''
'' F. tyrosinilyticum''
'' F. ummariense''
'' F. undicola''
'' F. ureilyticum''
'' F. urocaniciphilum''
'' F. urumqiense''
'' F. verecundum''
'' F. vireti''
'' F. viscosum''
'' F. weaverense''
'' F. xanthum''
'' F. xinjiangense''
'' F. xueshanense''
'' F. yanchengense''
'' F. yonginense''
'' F. zaozhuangense''
'' F. zepuense''
'' F. zettnowii''
'' F. zhairuonense''
'' F. zhairuonensis''

References

{{Authority control Bacterial diseases of fish Gram-negative bacteria Bacteria genera Bacteria described in 1923