First Eastern Women's Congress
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First Eastern Women's Congress, also known as First General Congress of Oriental Women and First Oriental Women's Congress was an international women's conference which took place in
Damascus Damascus ( , ; ) is the capital and List of largest cities in the Levant region by population, largest city of Syria. It is the oldest capital in the world and, according to some, the fourth Holiest sites in Islam, holiest city in Islam. Kno ...
in
Syria Syria, officially the Syrian Arab Republic, is a country in West Asia located in the Eastern Mediterranean and the Levant. It borders the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Turkey to Syria–Turkey border, the north, Iraq to Iraq–Syria border, t ...
between 3 July and 10 July 1930. The conference was arranged by the General Union of Syrian Women under the leadership of Nour Hamada, with participants from the Arab World and Eastern Asia.


History

Syria joined the
International Woman Suffrage Alliance The International Alliance of Women (IAW; , AIF) is an international non-governmental organization that works to promote women's rights and gender equality. It was historically the main international organization that campaigned for women's suff ...
in 1929, and attended the 11th Conference of the International Woman Suffrage Alliance in
Berlin Berlin ( ; ) is the Capital of Germany, capital and largest city of Germany, by both area and List of cities in Germany by population, population. With 3.7 million inhabitants, it has the List of cities in the European Union by population withi ...
that same year. The Berlin Congress formed the idea to organize the women of the Middle East internationally in the same manner as the Women's movement of the West. Additionally, in parallel to this, the
First Arab Women's Congress The First Palestine Arab Women's Congress, also First Arab Women's Congress, or the Palestinian Arab Women's Congress was a women's rights conference held in Jerusalem on 26 October 1929. It was organised by the Arab Women's Association of Palest ...
was arranged in
Jerusalem Jerusalem is a city in the Southern Levant, on a plateau in the Judaean Mountains between the Mediterranean Sea, Mediterranean and the Dead Sea. It is one of the List of oldest continuously inhabited cities, oldest cities in the world, and ...
in 1929 by the Arab Women's Executive Committee in connection to the
Palestine Arab Congress Between 1919 and 1928, the Palestinian Arab population in the Mandatory Palestine, British Mandate of Palestine held a series of congresses, organized by a nationwide network of local Muslim-Christian Associations. Seven congresses were held in Jer ...
. All this lead the way to the First Eastern Women's Congress. The call to arrange a conference for Eastern women similar to that in Berlin was voiced by
Saiza Nabarawi Saiza Nabarawi,() also spelt as Siza Nabrawi or Ceza Nabarawi, (born Zainab Mohamed Mourad Nabarawi, ), (1897–1985) was an Egyptian journalist educated in Paris, and who eventually became the leading journalist for the '' L'Egyptienne'' magazine ...
, and answered by Nour Hamada, who took the task of arranging it. Penny A. Weiss, Megan Brueske:
Feminist Manifestos: A Global Documentary Reader
' The First Eastern Women's Congress of 1930 was a pioneering event, as the first of its kind to unite the women of the Middle East and Asia. Avra Theodoropoulous attended as the representative of the International Woman Suffrage Alliance. The topics discussed were "equality in divorce law, child marriage, labour, education, alcohol, social hygiene, Arabic literature, handicrafts, and national industry". The resolutions adopted was the abolition of polygamy and child marriage, to raise the age of marriage for girls to 16, to make education compulsory for women and to make a professional life with equal pay for equal work possible. It was followed by the
Second Eastern Women's Congress Second Eastern Women's Congress, also known as Second General Congress of Oriental Women and Second Oriental Women's Congress was an international women's conference which took place in Tehran in Iran in between 27 November and 2 December 1932. It ...
in
Tehran Tehran (; , ''Tehrân'') is the capital and largest city of Iran. It is the capital of Tehran province, and the administrative center for Tehran County and its Central District (Tehran County), Central District. With a population of around 9. ...
in Iran in 1932. Pernille Arenfeldt, Nawar Al-Hassan Golley:
Mapping Arab Women's Movements: A Century of Transformations from Within
'


See also

*
All-Asian Women's Conference The All-Asian Women's Conference (AAWC) was a women's conference convened in Lahore in January 1931. It was the first Pan-Asianism, pan-Asian women's conference of its kind. Dominated by Indian organizers, "the AAWC was a vehicle for Indian women ...


References

1930 conferences Events in Damascus Women's suffrage Women's conferences 1930 in women's history July 1930 in Asia 20th century in Syria Women in Syria 20th century in Damascus