The First All-Union Congress of Soviets () was a congress of representatives of

Soviets The Soviet people () were the citizens and nationals of the Soviet Union. This demonym was presented in the ideology of the country as the "new historical unity of peoples of different nationalities" (). Nationality policy in the Soviet Union ...

of workers, peasants and

Red Army The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, often shortened to the Red Army, was the army and air force of the Russian Soviet Republic and, from 1922, the Soviet Union. The army was established in January 1918 by a decree of the Council of People ...

deputies, held on December 30, 1922 in

Moscow Moscow is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city of Russia, standing on the Moskva (river), Moskva River in Central Russia. It has a population estimated at over 13 million residents with ...

. The congress was attended by 2215 delegates (1727 from the

Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (Russian SFSR or RSFSR), previously known as the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic and the Russian Soviet Republic, and unofficially as Soviet Russia,Declaration of Rights of the labo ...

, 364 from the Ukrainian Socialist Soviet Republic, 91 from the

Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic , image_flag = Flag of the Transcaucasian SFSR (variant).svg , flag_type = Flag(1925–1936) , image_coat = Emblem of the Transcaucasian SFSR (1930-1936).svg , symbol_type = Emblem(1930–1936) ...

, 33 from the Belarusian Socialist Soviet Republic). Kalinin was elected chairman of the congress, but

Vladimir Lenin Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov ( 187021 January 1924), better known as Vladimir Lenin, was a Russian revolutionary, politician and political theorist. He was the first head of government of Soviet Russia from 1917 until Death and state funeral of ...

, who was not present at the congress due to illness, was elected honorary chairman of the congress. More than 90% of the delegates were members of the Russian Communist Party, 2 left-wing social federalists of the Caucasus, 1 anarchist and 1 member of the Jewish Social Democratic Party. The congress approved the Declaration and the Treaty on the Formation of a New State – the

Union of Soviet Socialist Republics The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until it dissolved in 1991. During its existence, it was the largest country by are ...

. 4 states have united in the Soviet Union:

, Ukrainian Socialist Soviet Republic, Belarusian Socialist Soviet Republic,

. In addition, the congress elected the

Central Executive Committee of the Soviet Union The Central Executive Committee of the USSR (), which may be abbreviated as the CEC (), was the supreme governing body of the USSR in between sessions of the All-Union Congress of Soviets from 1922 to 1938. The Central Executive Committee elec ...

Order of the day

#Consideration of the Declaration on the Formation of the Soviet Union. Speaker –

Joseph Stalin Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (born Dzhugashvili; 5 March 1953) was a Soviet politician and revolutionary who led the Soviet Union from 1924 until Death and state funeral of Joseph Stalin, his death in 1953. He held power as General Secret ...

. #Consideration of the Treaty on the Formation of the Soviet Union. Speaker –

. #Election of the Central Executive Committee of the Soviet Union. Speaker – Avel Yenukidze.

Congress decisions

Elected at the congress

*First All-Union Central Executive Committee (unicameral, totaling 371 members)

Accepted documents

Greetings to Comrade Vladimir Lenin, Honorary Chairman of the First Congress of Soviets of the Soviet UnionDeclaration on the Formation of the Soviet UnionTreaty on the Formation of the Soviet Union
*Decisions: :
On Approval of the Declaration and Treaty on the Formation of the Soviet Union
:
About the Foundation of the House of the Soviet Union
:
On the Establishment of the Central People's Institute of Agriculture
:
On the Celebration of the Foundation Day of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics

Main outcome of the congress

The Congress made official the formal foundation of the

. It was this congress that formalized its foundation by the passage of the Union Treaty, which would serve as a provisional constitution until the passage of a proper constitution for the new federal republic by the Congress.

Sources

*History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. Volume 4, Book 1 – Moscow, 1970 – Pages 196–210 *''Vladimir Lenin.'' To the Question of Nationalities or "Autonomy" / Vladimir Lenin // Complete Works: in 55 Volumes. Volume 45 / Vladimir Lenin; Institute of Marxism–Leninism at the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union – 5th Edition – Moscow: Publishing House of Political Literature of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, 1970 – Pages 356–362 – 26, 729 Pages *First Congress of Soviets of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics: Verbatim Report: December 30, 1922 / Union of Soviet Socialist Republics – Moscow: Publishing House of the Central Executive Committee of the Soviet Union, 1923 – 24 Pages *Congresses of Soviets of the Soviet Union, Union and Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republics: Collection of Documents. Volume 3 / Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union, Institute of Law – Moscow, 1960 – 398 Pages *''Sophia Yakubovskaya.'' The Development of the Soviet Union as a Union State: 1922–1936 / Sophia Yakubovskaya; Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union, Institute of History of the Soviet Union – Moscow: Science, 1972 – 230 Pages

External links

*First Congress of Soviets of the Soviet Union //

Great Soviet Encyclopedia The ''Great Soviet Encyclopedia'' (GSE; , ''BSE'') is one of the largest Russian-language encyclopedias, published in the Soviet Union from 1926 to 1990. After 2002, the encyclopedia's data was partially included into the later ''Great Russian Enc ...

: in 30 Volumes / Editor-in-chief

Alexander Prokhorov Alexander Mikhailovich Prokhorov (born Alexander Michael Prochoroff, ; 11 July 1916 – 8 January 2002) was an Australian-born Russian physicist and researcher on lasers and masers, in the former Soviet Union. He shared the Nobel Prize in P ...

– 3rd Edition – Moscow: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1969–1978 {{All-Union Congresses of Soviets 01 December 1922 in the Soviet Union Conferences of the Russian Revolution 1922 in Moscow