The ''Firm Foundation'' was a religious periodical published monthly in

Houston, Texas Houston ( ) is the List of cities in Texas by population, most populous city in the U.S. state of Texas and in the Southern United States. Located in Southeast Texas near Galveston Bay and the Gulf of Mexico, it is the county seat, seat of ...

, for members of the

Churches of Christ The Churches of Christ, also commonly known as the Church of Christ, is a loose association of autonomous Christian congregations located around the world. Typically, their distinguishing beliefs are that of the necessity of baptism for salvation ...

. It was established in 1884 by Austin McGary.Douglas Allen Foster and Anthony L. Dunnavant, ''The Encyclopedia of the Stone-Campbell Movement: Christian Church (Disciples of Christ), Christian Churches/Churches of Christ, Churches of Christ'', Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, 2004, , , 854 pages, entry on ''Firm Foundation'' The ''Firm Foundation'' was, for the next hundred years, one of the two most influential publications among the Churches of Christ along with the '' Gospel Advocate''.

History

Austin McGary founded the ''Firm Foundation'' in large part to combat David Lipscomb's views on rebaptism, as McGary adopted essentially the view which had already been espoused by John Thomas. David Lipscomb consistently argued that if a believer was baptized out of a desire to obey God, the baptism was valid, even if the individual did not fully understand the role baptism plays in salvation.Douglas Allen Foster and Anthony L. Dunnavant, ''The Encyclopedia of the Stone-Campbell Movement: Christian Church (Disciples of Christ), Christian Churches/Churches of Christ, Churches of Christ'', Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, 2004, , , 854 pages, entry on ''Baptism'' Lipscomb and others among the Churches of Christ in

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routinely accepted

Baptist Baptists are a Christian denomination, denomination within Protestant Christianity distinguished by baptizing only professing Christian believers (believer's baptism) and doing so by complete Immersion baptism, immersion. Baptist churches ge ...

converts without requiring them to be rebaptized. Austin McGary argued strongly that to be valid, the convert must also understand that baptism is for the forgiveness of sins. Thus, McGary did not regard baptisms performed in a Baptist church to be valid. McGary's view became the prevailing one in the early 20th century, but the approach advocated by Lipscomb never totally disappeared. By the end of the 20th century a practice of having the question discerned by the congregational leadership and the individual had again become widespread. McGary was succeeded as editor by G. W. Savage in 1902. Savage was succeeded by a group of editors in 1906. From 1908 to 1983 there were only two editors: G. H. P. Showalter and Reuel Lemmons. Showalter and Lemmons maintained an editorial policy consistent with the mainstream of Churches of Christ, and during that period many wrote for and supported both the ''Firm Foundation'' and the ''Gospel Advocate.'' The Showalter family sold the ''Foundation'' in 1983 to H. A. "Buster" Dobbs and Bill Cline. The editorial policy changed significantly under the leadership of Dobbs, supporting a "strongly conservative constituency" and "targeting progressives and 'change agents,' especially in educational institutions and highly visible congregations of Churches of Christ." The last version of the ''Firm Foundation'' website available on the

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dates from June 5 of 2008. The last issue of the ''Firm Foundation'' received by those with a paid subscription was vol. 125, no. 1, which bears the date "January 2010."

References

External links

* * Go to http://firmfoundation.itackett.com/ to view a selection of ''Firm Foundation'' articles. {{Restoration Movement Churches of Christ magazines Christianity in Houston Publications established in 1884