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A film splicer (also called a film joiner, usually in Europe) is a device which can be used to physically join lengths of
The Roxy Theater, Film Splicer
/ref> Tape splicers can be used on most types of film. This is the most popular way to join polyester prints in theaters.
A film splicer (also called a film joiner, usually in Europe) is a device which can be used to physically join lengths of photographic film
Photographic film is a strip or sheet of transparent film base coated on one side with a gelatin photographic emulsion, emulsion containing microscopically small light-sensitive silver halide crystals. The sizes and other characteristics of the ...
. It is mostly used in film
A film, also known as a movie or motion picture, is a work of visual art that simulates experiences and otherwise communicates ideas, stories, perceptions, emotions, or atmosphere through the use of moving images that are generally, sinc ...
motion pictures. The units are made in various types depending on the usage: Single-8
Single-8, also known as 8 mm Type S, Model II, is a motion picture film format introduced by Fujifilm of Japan in 1965 as an alternative to the Kodak Super 8 format. Single-8 and Super 8 use mutually incompatible cartridges, but the 8& ...
, Super 8 film
Super 8 mm film is a motion-picture film format released in 1965 by Eastman Kodak as an improvement over the older "Double" or "Regular" 8 mm home movie format. The formal name for Super 8 is 8-mm Type S, distinguishing it from the ...
, 16mm
16 mm film is a historically popular and economical gauge of film. 16 mm refers to the width of the film (about inch); other common film gauges include 8 mm and 35 mm. It is generally used for non-theatrical (e.g., industrial, ...
, 9,5 mm, 35mm 35 mm may refer to:
Film
* 135 film, a type of still photography format commonly referred to as 35 mm film
* 35 mm movie film, a type of motion picture film stock
* 35MM, a "musical exhibition" by Ryan Scott Oliver that features music ...
and 70mm
70 mm film (or 65 mm film) is a wide high-resolution film gauge for motion picture photography, with a negative area nearly 3.5 times as large as the standard 35 mm motion picture film format. As used in cameras, the film is wid ...
. Used in film editing
Film editing is both a creative and a technical part of the post-production process of filmmaking. The term is derived from the traditional process of working with film stock, film which increasingly involves the use Digital cinema, of digital ...
to make a cut (transition)
In the post-production process of film editing and video editing, a cut is an abrupt, but usually trivial film transition from one sequence to another. It is synonymous with the term ''edit'', though "edit" can imply any number of transitions or ...
.
Cement splicers
Cement splicers join films together by using a chemical calledfilm cement
Film cement is a special glue designed to join film, motion picture film. It is made of film base dissolved in a solvent. Two cut sections of film are spliced together in a film splicer using film cement.
Splices can be made either with a "hot" sp ...
which is made of film base dissolved in a solvent. The photographic emulsion
Photographic emulsion is a light-sensitive colloid used in film-based photography. Most commonly, in silver-gelatin photography, it consists of silver halide crystals dispersed in gelatin. The emulsion is usually coated onto a substrate of gla ...
is removed from the area to be joined and the base of the other end is brought into contact with it.
Film editors use a version with a very small overlaps at the top and bottom of the picture frame to edit film negatives, although units with a longer overlap are preferred for projection release print
A release print is a copy of a film that is provided to a movie theater for exhibition.
Definitions
Release prints are not to be confused with other types of prints used in the photochemical post-production process:
* Rush prints, or dailies, ...
s.
These can only be used with acetate
An acetate is a salt formed by the combination of acetic acid with a base (e.g. alkaline, earthy, metallic, nonmetallic, or radical base). "Acetate" also describes the conjugate base or ion (specifically, the negatively charged ion called ...
, triacetate
Cellulose triacetate, triacetate, CTA or TAC is a chemical compound produced from cellulose and a source of acetate esters, typically acetic anhydride. Triacetate is commonly used for the creation of fibres and film base. It is chemically simil ...
and nitrate
Nitrate is a polyatomic ion with the chemical formula . salt (chemistry), Salts containing this ion are called nitrates. Nitrates are common components of fertilizers and explosives. Almost all inorganic nitrates are solubility, soluble in wa ...
films. Polyester film, such as that used for currently produced prints, will not bond with standard film cement.
Tape splicers
Here a piece of thin transparent adhesive tape is used to join the two ends. The tape may be pre-perforated for thefilm perforations
Film perforations, also known as perfs and sprocket holes, are the holes placed in the film stock during manufacturing and used for transporting (by sprockets and claws) and steadying (by pin registration) the film. Films may have different type ...
, or the splicer may make perforations as the splice is made (this type of splicer is sometimes referred to as guillotine splicer)./ref> Tape splicers can be used on most types of film. This is the most popular way to join polyester prints in theaters.
Ultrasonic splicers
These splicers use an ultrasonic signal to melt the film together. They are generally used with polyester film, and are used in splicingmicrofilm
A microform is a scaled-down reproduction of a document, typically either photographic film or paper, made for the purposes of transmission, storage, reading, and printing. Microform images are commonly reduced to about 4% or of the original d ...
as the splice will not break down over time as a tape splice might.
Thermal paper splicers
Used in film processing labs to join film into large rolls before processing. These use a plastic coated tab to make the splice. The tab is heated and the plastic melts slightly, bonding to the film. The tabs are often printed with a number or bar code to identify the film after processing.See also
''Splicing'' is sometimes used to describe the technique ofcompositing
Compositing is the process or technique of combining visual elements from separate sources into single images, often to create the illusion that all those elements are parts of the same scene. Live action, Live-action shooting for compositing ...
used in digital film-making which is used to combine visual elements such as actors onto a virtual background.
References