''Ficus'' is a
genus
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...
of large
sea snail
Sea snails are slow-moving marine (ocean), marine gastropod Mollusca, molluscs, usually with visible external shells, such as whelk or abalone. They share the Taxonomic classification, taxonomic class Gastropoda with slugs, which are distinguishe ...
s,
marine gastropod
Gastropods (), commonly known as slugs and snails, belong to a large Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda ().
This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, freshwater, and fro ...
mollusk
Mollusca is a phylum of protostomic invertebrate animals, whose members are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 76,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized, making it the second-largest animal phylum after Arthropoda. The ...
s in the
family
Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...
Ficidae
Ficidae, common name the fig shells are a family (biology), family of medium to large marine (ocean), marine gastropods. It is the only family in the superfamily Ficoidea.
According to Taxonomy of the Gastropoda (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005), taxonom ...
, the fig shells.
[WoRMS (2010). Ficus Röding, 1798. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=205605 on 2011-02-22]
This is the
type
Type may refer to:
Science and technology Computing
* Typing, producing text via a keyboard, typewriter, etc.
* Data type, collection of values used for computations.
* File type
* TYPE (DOS command), a command to display contents of a file.
* ...
of the family Ficidae. Previously it has been categorized in the family
Muricidae
Muricidae is a large and varied taxonomic family of small to large predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks, commonly known as murex snails or rock snails. With over 1,700 living species, the Muricidae represent almost 10% of the Neog ...
by Tryon, 1873) and
Tritonidae (by Mörch)
Description
The light, pyriform
shell
Shell may refer to:
Architecture and design
* Shell (structure), a thin structure
** Concrete shell, a thin shell of concrete, usually with no interior columns or exterior buttresses
Science Biology
* Seashell, a hard outer layer of a marine ani ...
is ventricose, ribbed, and cancellated. The
spire
A spire is a tall, slender, pointed structure on top of a roof of a building or tower, especially at the summit of church steeples. A spire may have a square, circular, or polygonal plan, with a roughly conical or pyramidal shape. Spire ...
very short. The
aperture
In optics, the aperture of an optical system (including a system consisting of a single lens) is the hole or opening that primarily limits light propagated through the system. More specifically, the entrance pupil as the front side image o ...
large. The smooth
columella
Lucius Junius Moderatus Columella (, Arabic: ) was a prominent Roman writer on agriculture in the Roman Empire.
His in twelve volumes has been completely preserved and forms an important source on Roman agriculture and ancient Roman cuisin ...
is simple. The elongated canal is straight. The thin
outer lip is entire. There is no
umbilicus.
Species
Species within the genus ''Ficus'' include:
* † ''
Ficus condita''
(Brongniart, 1823)
* ''
Ficus dandrimonti''
Lorenz, 2012
* ''
Ficus eospila''
(Péron & Lesueur, 1807)
* † ''
Ficus ficoides''
(Brocchi, 1814)
* ''
Ficus ficus''
Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus (23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné,#Blunt, Blunt (2004), p. 171. was a Swedish biologist and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the modern system of naming o ...
, 1758
Events
January–March
* January 1 – Swedish biologist Carl Linnaeus (Carl von Linné) publishes in Stockholm the first volume (''Animalia'') of the 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'', the starting point of modern zoologic ...
* ''
Ficus filosa''
( Sowerby III, 1892)
* † ''
Ficus geometra''
(Borson, 1825)
* ''
Ficus gracilis
''Ficus gracilis'' is a species of sea snail, a marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusk in the family (biology), family Ficidae, the fig shells.
Description
A thin-shelled species, attaining a size of 95-100 mm.
Distribution
Pacific Ocean, Tai ...
''
( Sowerby I, 1825)
* † ''
Ficus imperfecta''
P. Marshall & R. Murdoch, 1919
* † ''
Ficus holmesii''
Conrad, 1867
* ''
Ficus investigatoris''
( Smith, 1906)
* † ''
Ficus pannus''
(Deshayes, 1864)
* ''
Ficus papyratia''
( Say, 1822)
* † ''
Ficus parva''
Suter, 1917
* † ''
Ficus parvissima''
Harzhauser, Raven & Landau, 2018
* ''
Ficus pellucida''
Deshayes, 1856
* † ''
Ficus pilsbryi''
(Smith, 1907)
* † ''
Ficus retinduta''
(de Gregorio, 1880)
* ''
Ficus schneideri''
Morrison, 2016
* † ''
Ficus subintermedia''
(d'Orbigny, 1852)
* ''
Ficus variegata''
Röding, 1798
* ''
Ficus ventricosa''
( Sowerby I, 1825)
* ''
Ficus vosi''
H. Morrison, 2020
; Species brought into synonymy:
* ''Ficus atlanticus''
Clench & Aguayo, 1940 : synonym of ''Ficus pellucida''
Deshayes, 1856
* ''Ficus carolae''
Clench, 1945 : synonym of ''Ficus papyratia carolae''
Clench, 1945
* ''Ficus communis''
Röding, 1798 : synonym of ''Ficus ficus''
(Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus (23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné,#Blunt, Blunt (2004), p. 171. was a Swedish biologist and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the modern system of naming o ...
, 1758
Events
January–March
* January 1 – Swedish biologist Carl Linnaeus (Carl von Linné) publishes in Stockholm the first volume (''Animalia'') of the 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'', the starting point of modern zoologic ...
)
* ''Ficus ficoides''
(Lamarck
Jean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, chevalier de Lamarck (1 August 1744 – 18 December 1829), often known simply as Lamarck (; ), was a French naturalist, biologist, academic, and soldier. He was an early proponent of the idea that biolo ...
, 1822) : synonym of ''Ficus ficus''
(Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus (23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné,#Blunt, Blunt (2004), p. 171. was a Swedish biologist and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the modern system of naming o ...
, 1758
Events
January–March
* January 1 – Swedish biologist Carl Linnaeus (Carl von Linné) publishes in Stockholm the first volume (''Animalia'') of the 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'', the starting point of modern zoologic ...
)
* ''Ficus filosus''
( Sowerby III, 1892) : synonym of ''Ficus filosa''
( Sowerby III, 1892)
* ''Ficus howelli''
Clench & Aguayo, 1940 : synonym of ''Ficus pellucida''
Deshayes, 1856
* ''Ficus lindae''
Petuch, 1988 : synonym of ''Ficus papyratia lindae''
Petuch, 1988
* ''Ficus margaretae''
Iredale, 1931 : synonym of ''Ficus ficus''
(Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus (23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné,#Blunt, Blunt (2004), p. 171. was a Swedish biologist and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the modern system of naming o ...
, 1758
Events
January–March
* January 1 – Swedish biologist Carl Linnaeus (Carl von Linné) publishes in Stockholm the first volume (''Animalia'') of the 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'', the starting point of modern zoologic ...
)
* ''Ficus pellucidus''
Deshayes, 1856 accepted as ''Ficus pellucida''
Deshayes, 1856
* ''Ficus subintermedius''
(d'Orbigny
Alcide Charles Victor Marie Dessalines d'Orbigny (6 September 1802 – 30 June 1857) was a French naturalist who made major contributions in many areas, including zoology (including malacology), palaeontology, geology, archaeology and anthropol ...
, 1852) : synonym of ''Ficus subintermedia''
(d'Orbigny
Alcide Charles Victor Marie Dessalines d'Orbigny (6 September 1802 – 30 June 1857) was a French naturalist who made major contributions in many areas, including zoology (including malacology), palaeontology, geology, archaeology and anthropol ...
, 1852)
* ''Ficus tessellatus''
(Kobelt, 1881) : synonym of ''Ficus eospila''
(Péron & Lesueur, 1807)
* ''Ficus variegatus''
Röding, 1798 : synonym of ''Ficus variegata''
Röding, 1798
* ''Ficus ventricosus''
( Sowerby I, 1825) : synonym of ''Ficus ventricosa''
( Sowerby I, 1825)
* ''Ficus villai''
Petuch, 1998:
synonym of ''Ficus papyratia villai''
Petuch, 1998
References
*
Lamarck
Jean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, chevalier de Lamarck (1 August 1744 – 18 December 1829), often known simply as Lamarck (; ), was a French naturalist, biologist, academic, and soldier. He was an early proponent of the idea that biolo ...
J.-B. (M. de) (1799). ''Prodrome d'une nouvelle classification des coquilles, comprenant une rédaction appropriée des caractères géneriques, et l'établissement d'un grand nombre de genres nouveaux''. Mémoires de la Société d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris 1: 63-91
* Vaught, K.C. (1989). ''A classification of the living Mollusca''. American Malacologists: Melbourne, FL (USA). . XII, 195 pp
* Verhaeghe, M. & Poppe, G. T., 2000 A'' Conchological Iconography (3), The Family Ficidae''
* Bouchet P., Rocroi J.P., Hausdorf B., Kaim A., Kano Y., Nützel A., Parkhaev P., Schrödl M. & Strong E.E. (2017). Revised classification, nomenclator and typification of gastropod and monoplacophoran families. Malacologia. 61(1-2): 1-526; page(s): 107; note: type species fixation
External links
Röding P. F. (1798). Museum Boltenianum sive Catalogus cimeliorum e tribus regnis naturae quae olim collegerat Joa. Fried. Bolten M. D. p. d. Pars secunda continens Conchylia sive Testacea univalvia, bivalvia et multivalviaMontfort P. [Denys de]. (1808-1810). Conchyliologie systématique et classification méthodique des coquilles. Paris: Schoell. Vol. 1: pp. lxxxvii + 409 [1808]. Vol. 2: pp. 676 + 16
{{Taxonbar, from=Q1938846
Ficidae
Taxa named by Peter Friedrich Röding