Fernando Iglesias Calderón (30 May 1856 – 26 May 1942) was a Mexican liberal politician and diplomat who served as president of the extinct Liberal Party (1912–1915), represented

Mexico City Mexico City is the capital city, capital and List of cities in Mexico, largest city of Mexico, as well as the List of North American cities by population, most populous city in North America. It is one of the most important cultural and finan ...

in the

Senate A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or chamber of a bicameral legislature. The name comes from the ancient Roman Senate (Latin: ''Senatus''), so-called as an assembly of the senior (Latin: ''senex'' meaning "the el ...

(1912–1913 and 1920–1924) and, for three months, served as

ambassador of Mexico to the United States The ambassador of Mexico to the United States is the highest ranking diplomatic representative of the United Mexican States to the United States of America. Brief history Mexico and the United States have maintained diplomatic relations since 1 ...

(1920). Beside his political and diplomatic careers, he was also a writer and historian who inherited the military archive of

Mariano Escobedo Mariano Antonio Guadalupe Escobedo de la Peña (16 January 1826 – 22 May 1902) was a Mexican Army general and Governor of Nuevo León. Early life Mariano Escobedo was born in San Pablo de los Labradores (which is today known as Galeana), ...

and authored several titles in a collection called (Historical Rectifications).

Biography

Iglesias was born in

on 30 May 1856. His father,

José María Iglesias José María Juan Nepomuceno Crisóforo Iglesias Inzáurraga (5 January 1823 – 17 December 1891) was a Mexican lawyer, professor, journalist and liberal politician. He is known as author of the Iglesias law, an anticlerical law regulating e ...

, served as interim

president of Mexico The president of Mexico (), officially the president of the United Mexican States (), is the head of state and head of government of Mexico. Under the Constitution of Mexico, the president heads the executive branch of the federal government and ...

during the autumn of 1876. His mother, Juana Calderón Tapia, was a daughter of José María Calderón, who served several times as

governor of Puebla The governor of Puebla is the chief executive of the Mexican state of Puebla. References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Governor Of Puebla Governors of Puebla, * Lists of governors of States of Mexico, Puebla ...

. Iglesias attended both the

National Preparatory School The Escuela Nacional Preparatoria () (ENP), the oldest senior High School system in Mexico, belonging to the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), opened its doors on February 1, 1868. It was founded by Gabino Barreda, M.D., following ...

(1869–1874) and the National School of Jurisprudence (1874–1876). He began his professional career as a teacher of his preparatory school, but soon started a career in politics opposing dictator

Porfirio Díaz José de la Cruz Porfirio Díaz Mori (; ; 15 September 1830 – 2 July 1915) was a General (Mexico), Mexican general and politician who was the dictator of Mexico from 1876 until Mexican Revolution, his overthrow in 1911 seizing power in a Plan ...

, who had forced his father out of the presidency. In 1910, he competed against

Francisco I. Madero Francisco Ignacio Madero González (; 30 October 1873 – 22 February 1913) was a Mexican businessman, revolutionary, writer and statesman, who served as the 37th president of Mexico from 1911 until he was deposed in a coup d'état in Februa ...

for the joint presidential candidacy of the Anti-Reelectionist Party and the National Democratic Party, but ended up in third place. Once Madero assumed the presidency, he invited Iglesias to the cabinet as secretary of Foreign Affairs, but he declined. A year later, he was elected president of the Liberal Party and represented Mexico City in the senate from 1912 to 1913. After the 1913 coup d'état, Iglesias opposed General

Victoriano Huerta José Victoriano Huerta Márquez (; 23 December 1850 – 13 January 1916) was a Mexican general, politician, engineer and dictator who was the 39th President of Mexico, who came to power by coup against the democratically elected government of ...

and was imprisoned in

San Juan de Ulúa San Juan de Ulúa, now known as Castle of San Juan de Ulúa, is a large complex of fortresses, prisons and one former palace on an island of the same name in the Gulf of Mexico overlooking the seaport of Veracruz, Mexico. Juan de Grijalva' ...

. When

Venustiano Carranza José Venustiano Carranza de la Garza (; 29 December 1859 – 21 May 1920), known as Venustiano Carranza, was a Mexican land owner and politician who served as President of Mexico from 1917 until his assassination in 1920, during the Mexican Re ...

defeated Huerta, Iglesias received a second invitation to the cabinet as secretary of Foreign Affairs, but he declined it once again and would reject it once more during the administration of President

Adolfo de la Huerta Felipe Adolfo de la Huerta Marcor (; 26 May 1881 – 9 July 1955) was a Mexican politician, the 45th President of Mexico from 1 June to 30 November 1920, following the overthrow of Mexican president Venustiano Carranza, with Sonoran generals ...

. He did, however, accept the post of High Commissioner of Mexico (with the rank of

ambassador An ambassador is an official envoy, especially a high-ranking diplomat who represents a state and is usually accredited to another sovereign state or to an international organization as the resident representative of their own government or so ...

) in

Washington, D.C. Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly known as Washington or D.C., is the capital city and federal district of the United States. The city is on the Potomac River, across from Virginia, and shares land borders with ...

, which he briefly held from July 19 to October 31, 1920. Back in Mexico, Iglesias supported President

Álvaro Obregón Álvaro Obregón Salido (; 19 February 1880 – 17 July 1928) was a Mexican general, inventor and politician who served as the 46th President of Mexico from 1920 to 1924. Obregón was re-elected to the presidency in 1928 but was assassinated b ...

and was elected to the Senate for a second term (1920–1924). Two years after the end of his term, he was appointed Mexican arbiter on the Mexican-German Claims Commission (1926–1931). Iglesias died unmarried in

Tacubaya Tacubaya is a Poverty in Mexico, working-class area of Mexico City in the borough of Miguel Hidalgo, D.F., Miguel Hidalgo. The ''colonia (Mexico), colonia'' Tacubaya and adjacent areas in other colonias are collectively referred to as Tacubaya. ...

, Mexico City, on 26 May 1942 at the age of 85. He was distinguished as Commander of the Order of Merit by the government of Chile.

Works

* (1901) * (1902) * (1905) * (1906) * (1907)

Notes and references

External links

{{DEFAULTSORT:Iglesias, Fernando 1856 births 1942 deaths Politicians from Mexico City Members of the Senate of the Republic (Mexico) Ambassadors of Mexico to the United States