José Felipe Rivero y Lemoine (30 April 1797 – 8 September 1873) was a Spanish politician, governor, minister and military leader who participated in the

Battle of Ayacucho The Battle of Ayacucho (, ) was a decisive military encounter during the Peruvian War of Independence. This battle secured the independence of Peru and ensured independence for the rest of belligerent South American states. In Peru it is conside ...

and held important public positions in

Spain Spain, or the Kingdom of Spain, is a country in Southern Europe, Southern and Western Europe with territories in North Africa. Featuring the Punta de Tarifa, southernmost point of continental Europe, it is the largest country in Southern Eur ...

. He was the last

Viceroy of Navarra This is a list of Spanish Viceroys of Navarre from 1512 to 1840, when the function was abolished. *1512 : Diego Fernández de Córdoba y Arellano, marqués de Comares *1515 : Fadrique de Acuña, Conde de Buendía *1516 : Antonio Manrique de L ...

and the first Spanish governor of the

Captaincy General of Santo Domingo The Captaincy General of Santo Domingo ( ) was the first Captaincy in the New World, established by Spain in 1492 on the island of Hispaniola. The Captaincy, under the jurisdiction of the Real Audiencia of Santo Domingo, was granted administra ...

since 1801.

Biography

He was born in the city of

La Plata La Plata () is the capital city of Buenos Aires province, Argentina. According to the 2022 Argentina census, census, the La Plata Partido, Partido has a population of 772,618 and its metropolitan area, the Greater La Plata, has 938,287 inhabit ...

into a family belonging to the Upper-Peruvian nobility. He was the son of the doctor of laws Juan Francisco Rivera Vieyra, a native of

Buenos Aires Buenos Aires, controlled by the government of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, is the Capital city, capital and largest city of Argentina. It is located on the southwest of the Río de la Plata. Buenos Aires is classified as an Alpha− glob ...

, and Bárbara Lemoine de Villavicencio, a native of Chuquisaca and daughter of the ''

maestre de campo ''Maestre de campo'' was a rank created in 1534 by the Emperor Charles I of Spain, inferior in rank only to the '' capitán general'' and acted as a chief of staff. He was chosen by the monarch in the Council of State, and commanded a ''tercio'' ...

'' Juan Bautista de Lemoine. His father served as subdelegate governor and was also a lieutenant colonel of the militias. In 1810, due to the separatist insurrections, his family emigrated to the province of

Puno Puno ( Aymara and ) is a city in southeastern Peru, located on the shore of Lake Titicaca. It is the capital city of the Puno Region and the Puno Province with a population of approximately 140,839 (2015 estimate). The city was established in ...

. He entered, together with his siblings, the '' Ejército Real del Perú'', and in 1812 he was admitted as a cadet in the battalion ''Ligero del Centro'', an infantry corps in which he would carry out his entire military career in Peru and in which in 1824 he would reach the rank of commander and chief of the same in replacement of the Colonel

Baldomero Espartero Baldomero Fernández-Espartero y Álvarez de Toro (27 February 17938 January 1879) was a Spanish marshal and statesman. He served as the Regent of the Realm, three times as Prime Minister and briefly as President of the Congress of Deputies ...

whom the viceroy had sent on commission to Spain. At the command of this body he fought with distinction in the

. After the royalist defeat and the loss of Peru, he headed to the Iberian Peninsula in the company of his former chief Espartero. He remained in the peninsula until 1828 when he returned to active service. In 1831 he was promoted to colonel and during the

First Carlist War The First Carlist War was a civil war in Spain from 1833 to 1840, the first of three Carlist Wars. It was fought between two factions over the succession to the throne and the nature of the Monarchy of Spain, Spanish monarchy: the conservative a ...

he was promoted to

lieutenant general Lieutenant general (Lt Gen, LTG and similar) is a military rank used in many countries. The rank traces its origins to the Middle Ages, where the title of lieutenant general was held by the second-in-command on the battlefield, who was norma ...

First Carlist War

In November 1836 he signed orders as '' Secretario de Estado y del Despacho de la Guerra'' (Secretary of State and of the War Office). In 1838 he had been appointed General Commander of the Royal Infantry Guard, and then successively Captain General of the eighth District, of

Aragon Aragon ( , ; Spanish and ; ) is an autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community in Spain, coextensive with the medieval Kingdom of Aragon. In northeastern Spain, the Aragonese autonomous community comprises three provinces of Spain, ...

, of

Old Castile Old Castile ( ) is a historic region of Spain, which had different definitions across the centuries. Its extension was formally defined in the 1833 territorial division of Spain as the sum of the following provinces: Santander (now Cantabria ...

and

Andalusia Andalusia ( , ; , ) is the southernmost autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community in Peninsular Spain, located in the south of the Iberian Peninsula, in southwestern Europe. It is the most populous and the second-largest autonomou ...

, being also elected senator. In 1862 he was appointed Governor and Captain General of the Province of Santo Domingo, which had recently rejoined Spain. He was in office until the following year. Upon his return to the peninsula, he served as President of the Supreme Court of War and Navy, and President of the Supreme Council of War, a position that he would hold until his death on 8 September 1873. He was decorated with the great crosses of

Isabel la Católica Isabella I (; 22 April 1451 – 26 November 1504), also called Isabella the Catholic (Spanish: ''Isabel la Católica''), was Queen of Castile and León from 1474 until her death in 1504. She was also Queen of Aragon from 1479 until her deat ...

, Carlos III, San Fernando and San Hermenegildo. His brother José Claudio, also a former royalist officer but who chose to remain in the new Republic of Bolivia, married the only daughter of the absolutist General

Pedro Antonio Olañeta Pedro Antonio de Olañeta y Marquiegui (October 16, 1770 in Elgueta, Gipuzkoa, Spain – April 2, 1825 in Tumusla, Potosí Department, Bolivia) was a Royalist commander in the army of the Spanish Empire who fought against the South American insurg ...

, with whom he had numerous children. Adolfo Carrasco y Sayz, "Icono-biografía del generalato español", pág. 6, Impr. del cuerpo de artillería San Lorenzo, España 1911

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ribero y Lemoine, Felipe Colonial governors of Santo Domingo People of the Dominican Restoration War Viceroys of Navarre Spanish generals Military personnel of the First Carlist War 1797 births 1873 deaths