Tulip snail or tulip shell is the

common name In biology, a common name of a taxon or organism (also known as a vernacular name, English name, colloquial name, country name, popular name, or farmer's name) is a name that is based on the normal language of everyday life; and is often con ...

for eight

species A species () is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. It is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), ...

of large,

predatory Predation is a biological interaction in which one organism, the predator, kills and eats another organism, its prey. It is one of a family of common feeding behaviours that includes parasitism and micropredation (which usually do not kill ...

, subtropical and

tropical The tropics are the regions of Earth surrounding the equator, where the sun may shine directly overhead. This contrasts with the temperate or polar regions of Earth, where the Sun can never be directly overhead. This is because of Earth's ax ...

sea snail Sea snails are slow-moving marine (ocean), marine gastropod Mollusca, molluscs, usually with visible external shells, such as whelk or abalone. They share the Taxonomic classification, taxonomic class Gastropoda with slugs, which are distinguishe ...

s from the Western

Atlantic The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest of the world's five oceanic divisions, with an area of about . It covers approximately 17% of Earth's surface and about 24% of its water surface area. During the Age of Discovery, it was known for se ...

. These species are in the

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

''Fasciolaria''. They are marine

gastropod Gastropods (), commonly known as slugs and snails, belong to a large Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, freshwater, and fro ...

mollusk Mollusca is a phylum of protostomic invertebrate animals, whose members are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 76,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized, making it the second-largest animal phylum after Arthropoda. The ...

s in the family

Fasciolariidae Fasciolariidae is a family of small to large sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Buccinoidea. Species in Fasciolariidae are commonly known as tulip snails and spindle snails. The family Fasciolariidae most likely appeared ...

, the spindle shells, tulip shells and their allies. The word "tulip" describes the overall shape of the shells of these species, which is like that of a closed

tulip Tulips are spring-blooming perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes in the ''Tulipa'' genus. Their flowers are usually large, showy, and brightly coloured, generally red, orange, pink, yellow, or white. They often have a different colour ...

flower.

Description

The shell is fusiform. The

spire A spire is a tall, slender, pointed structure on top of a roof of a building or tower, especially at the summit of church steeples. A spire may have a square, circular, or polygonal plan, with a roughly conical or pyramidal shape. Spire ...

is acuminated. The

aperture In optics, the aperture of an optical system (including a system consisting of a single lens) is the hole or opening that primarily limits light propagated through the system. More specifically, the entrance pupil as the front side image o ...

is oval, elongated, as long as the spire. The

siphonal canal The siphonal canal is an anatomical feature of the shells of certain groups of sea snails within the clade Neogastropoda. Some sea marine gastropods have a soft tubular anterior extension of the mantle called a siphon through which water i ...

is straight. The

columella Lucius Junius Moderatus Columella (, Arabic: ) was a prominent Roman writer on agriculture in the Roman Empire. His in twelve volumes has been completely preserved and forms an important source on Roman agriculture and ancient Roman cuisin ...

is smooth, with a few oblique plaits at the fore part. The outer

lip The lips are a horizontal pair of soft appendages attached to the jaws and are the most visible part of the mouth of many animals, including humans. Mammal lips are soft, movable and serve to facilitate the ingestion of food (e.g. sucklin ...

is internally crenate.

Species

According to the

World Register of Marine Species The World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) is a taxonomic database that aims to provide an authoritative and comprehensive catalogue and list of names of marine organisms. Content The content of the registry is edited and maintained by scien ...

(WoRMS), and the Digital Atlas of Ancient Life for the Neogene of the Southeastern United States, the following species with a valid name are included within the genus ''Fasciolaria'' : * † ''Fasciolaria apicina'' Dall, 1890 *'' Fasciolaria bullisi'' Lyons, 1972 *'' Fasciolaria curvirostris'' (Wood, 1828) * † ''Fasciolaria evergladesensis'' E.J. Petuch, 1991 *'' Fasciolaria insularis'' Fernández, 1977 *'' Fasciolaria magna'' (Anton, 1838) * † ''Fasciolaria monocingulata'' Dall, 1890 * † ''Fasciolaria okeechobensis'' Tucker & Wilson, 1932 * † ''Fasciolaria rhomboidea'', W.B. and H.D. Rogers, 1839 *''

Fasciolaria sulcata ''Fasciolaria sulcata'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Fasciolariidae Fasciolariidae is a family of small to large sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Buccinoidea. Species in Fasciola ...

'' (Anton, 1838) *'' Fasciolaria tephrina'' De Souza, 2002 *'' Fasciolaria thersites'' ( Reeve, 1847) *''

Fasciolaria tulipa ''Fasciolaria tulipa'', common name the true tulip, is a species of large sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Fasciolariidae. This fiercely predatory species occupies a wide geographic area within the Western Atlantic and is know ...

'' (

Linnaeus Carl Linnaeus (23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné,#Blunt, Blunt (2004), p. 171. was a Swedish biologist and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the modern system of naming o ...

1758 Events January–March * January 1 – Swedish biologist Carl Linnaeus (Carl von Linné) publishes in Stockholm the first volume (''Animalia'') of the 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'', the starting point of modern zoologic ...

) - the true tulip ** '' Fasciolaria tulipa hollisteri'' Weisbord, 1962
this species has a channeled sutur

;Species brought into synonymy: * Subgenus ''Fasciolaria (Mesorhytis)'' Meek, 1876: synonym of ''Mesorhytis'' Meek, 1876: synonym of ''

Exilia Exilia is an Italian nu metal band from Milan. It was formed in 1998 and as of 2022 is composed of vocalist Masha Mysmane, guitarist Wolve, bassist Simone Matteo Tiraboschi, and drummer Mark Campailla. They have played with a number of bands w ...

'' Conrad, 1860 * Subgenus ''Fasciolaria (Pleuroploca)'' P. Fischer, 1884: synonym of '' Pleuroploca'' P. Fischer, 1884 * ''Fasciolaria acutispsira'' Strebel, 1911: synonym of '' Triplofusus princeps'' (G.B. Sowerby I, 1825) * ''Fasciolaria agatha'' Simone & Abbate, 2005: synonym of ''

Fusinus agatha ''Fusinus agatha'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Fasciolariidae Fasciolariidae is a family of small to large sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Buccinoidea. Species in Fasciolariid ...

'' (Simone & Abbate, 2005) * ''Fasciolaria agulhasensis'' Tomlin, 1932: synonym of '' Kilburnia agulhasensis'' (Tomlin, 1932) * ''Fasciolaria alfredensis'' Bartsch, 1915: synonym of '' Kilburnia alfredensis'' (Bartsch, 1915) * ''Fasciolaria audouini'' Jonas, 1846: synonym of '' Pleuroploca audouini'' (Jonas, 1846) * ''Fasciolaria aurantiaca'' Lamarck, 1816: synonym of '' Aurantilaria aurantiaca'' (Lamarck, 1816) * ''Fasciolaria badia'' Krauss, 1848: synonym of '' Lugubrilaria badia'' (Krauss, 1848) * ''Fasciolaria bakeri'' Gatliff & Gabriel, 1912: synonym of '' Australaria bakeri'' (Gatliff & Gabriel, 1912) * ''Fasciolaria branhamae'' Rehder & Abbott, 1951: synonym of '' Cinctura branhamae'' (Rehder & Abbott, 1951) * ''Fasciolaria clava'' Jonas, 1846: synonym of '' Pleuroploca clava'' (Jonas, 1846) * ''Fasciolaria coronata'' Lamarck, 1822: synonym of '' Australaria coronata'' (Lamarck, 1822) * ''Fasciolaria distans'' auct.: synonym of ''Fasciolaria lilium'' Fischer von Waldheim, 1807: synonym of '' Cinctura lilium'' (Fischer von Waldheim, 1807) * ''Fasciolaria dunkeri'' Strebel, 1912: synonym of '' Kilburnia dunkeri'' (Strebel, 1911) * ''Fasciolaria ferruginea'' Lamarck, 1822: synonym of '' Filifusus filamentosus'' (Röding, 1798) * ''Fasciolaria filamentosa'' Lamarck, 1822: synonym of '' Filifusus filamentosus'' (Röding, 1798) * ''Fasciolaria fusiformis'' Kiener, 1840: synonym of '' Australaria fusiformis'' (Kiener, 1840) * ''Fasciolaria glabra'' Dunker, 1882: synonym of '' Filifusus glaber'' (Dunker, 1882) * ''Fasciolaria granosa'' Broderip, 1832: synonym of '' Pleuroploca granosa'' (Broderip, 1832) * ''Fasciolaria heynemanni'' Dunker, 1870: synonym of '' Kilburnia heynemanni'' (Dunker, 1870) * ''Fasciolaria holcophorus'' Barnard, 1959: synonym of '' Metzgeria holcophorus'' (Barnard, 1959) * ''Fasciolaria hollisteri'' Weisbord, 1962: synonym of ''Fasciolaria tulipa hollisteri'' Weisbord, 1962 * ''Fasciolaria hunteria'' (G. Perry, 1811): synonym of '' Cinctura hunteria'' (Perry, 1811) * ''Fasciolaria inermis'' Jonas, 1846: synonym of '' Filifusus inermis'' (Jonas, 1846) * ''Fasciolaria ligata'' Mighels & C.B. Adams, 1842: synonym of '' Ptychatractus ligatus'' (Mighels & C.B. Adams, 1842) * ''Fasciolaria lignaria'' (Linnaeus, 1758): synonym of '' Tarantinaea lignarius'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Fasciolaria lilium'' G. Fischer von Waldheim, 1807 - the banded tulip: synonym of '' Cinctura lilium'' (Fischer von Waldheim, 1807) * ''Fasciolaria lischkeana'' Dunker, 1863: synonym of '' Pleuroploca lischkeana'' (Dunker, 1863) * ''Fasciolaria lugubris'' A. Adams & Reeve, 1847: synonym of '' Lugubrilaria lugubris'' (A. Adams & Reeve, 1847) * ''Fasciolaria papillosa'' auct.: synonym of ''

Triplofusus papillosus ''Triplofusus giganteus'', commonly known as the Florida horse conch, or the giant horse conch, is a species of extremely large predatory subtropical and tropical sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Fasciolariidae, the spindle s ...

'' (G. B. Sowerby I, 1825) * ''Fasciolaria ponderosa'' Jonas, 1850: synonym of '' Pleuroploca ponderosa'' (Jonas, 1850) * ''Fasciolaria porphyrostoma'' Reeve, 1847: synonym of ''

Afer porphyrostoma ''Afer porphyrostoma'' is a species of large sea snail, marine gastropod mollusc in the family Tudiclidae. Description The length of the shell attains 45 mm. (Original description in Latin of ''Tudicla recurva'') The shell is fusiform and ...

'' (Reeve, 1847) * ''Fasciolaria princeps'' G.B. Sowerby I, 1825: synonym of '' Triplofusus princeps'' (G.B. Sowerby I, 1825) * ''Fasciolaria purpurea'' Jonas, 1849: synonym of '' Pleuroploca purpurea'' (Jonas, 1849) * ''Fasciolaria reevei'' Jonas, 1850: synonym of ''

'' (G. B. Sowerby I, 1825) * ''Fasciolaria rutila'' Watson, 1882: synonym of '' Africolaria rutila'' (Watson, 1882) * ''Fasciolaria scholvieni'' Strebel, 1912: synonym of '' Kilburnia scholvieni'' (Strebel, 1911) * ''Fasciolaria spirorbula'' Menke, 1829: synonym of '' Latirus spirorbulus'' (Menke, 1829) * ''Fasciolaria strebeli'' Fulton, 1930: synonym of '' Kilburnia strebeli'' (Fulton, 1930) * ''Fasciolaria thersites'' (Reeve, 1847): synonym of '' Africolaria thersites'' (Reeve, 1847) * ''Fasciolaria trapezium'' (Linnaeus, 1758): synonym of ''

Pleuroploca trapezium ''Pleuroploca trapezium'', common name : the trapezium horse conch or striped fox conch, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Fasciolariidae, the spindle snails, the tulip snails and their allies. This species is ...

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Fasciolaria tuberculata'' (Anton, 1838): synonym of '' Turbinella tuberculata'' Anton, 1838 * ''Fasciolaria valenciennesii'' Kiener, 1840: synonym of '' Granolaria valenciennesii'' (Kiener, 1840) * ''Fasciolaria walleri'' Ladd, 1976: synonym of '' Euthria walleri'' (Ladd, 1976) * ''Fasciolaria wattersae'' Kilburn, 1974: synonym of '' Africolaria wattersae'' (Kilburn, 1974)

References

* National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Seashells * Malacolog info on Fasciolaria at

* Snyder M.A., Vermeij G.J. & Lyons W.G. (2012) ''The genera and biogeography of Fasciolariinae (Gastropoda, Neogastropoda, Fasciolariidae)''. Basteria 76(1-3): 31-70.

External links

* {{Taxonbar, from=Q3138361 Fasciolariidae Gastropod genera Taxa named by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck