Farkha

Farkha ( ar, فرخة) is a Palestinian village located in the Salfit Governorate in the northern West Bank, 30 kilometers south of Nablus. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, it had a population of approximately 1,336 in 2007.2007 PCBS Census
Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics. p. 112.

Location

Farkha is located west of Salfit. It is bordered by Salfit to the east and north, Qarawat Bani Zaid and Bani Zaid ash Sharqiya to the south, and Bruqin village to the west.

History

Pottery sherds from the Middle Bronze Age, Iron Age I and IA II, Persian, Hellenistic, Roman, Byzantine and Crusader/ Ayyubid have been found here.Finkelstein et al, 1997, p. 456

It was populated by Samaritans up until the Arab conquest, and probably later into the Umayyad period.Sharon, ''Corpus Inscriptionum Arabicarum Palaestinae,'' 2004. Brill. Leiden/Boston. p
242
"A small village built on a steep hilltop, 500m. above sea level, in the heart of Samaria, Southwest of the small town of Salfit. Samaritans populated it until the Arab conquest, and probably throughout the Umayyad period. Under the Crusaders its name is not mentioned, but its location suggests that it was included in the Royal Domain of the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem. (Riley-Smith, Atlas, 1991: 36-37) In 1187, after the battle of Hittin, it came under Ayyubid rule. In Islamic literature its name appears connected with the name of a Muslim scholar, Abdallah b. Abu Abdallah al-Farkhawi (d. 818/1415). In his biography, as-Sakhawi remarked that the nisbah al-Farkhawi refers to the village of Farkha, which he spells with a long “a” (also Guerin, Samarie, 2, 1875:159) adding that it was a village in the district of Nabulus. (Sakhawi, I)aw\ 5:29) Except for this remark I found no other mention of the village in the literary sources. This fact grants the present Ayyubid inscription, found in the village and mentioning its name, particular significance."

An Ayyubid text in the village mosque, first noted in situ by D.C. Bamraki, dates it to 1210 CE.

Pottery sherds from the Mamluk era have also been found here.
The village is seem to be the birthplace of the Muslim scholar ''Abdullah al-Farkhawi'' (d. 1415).

Ottoman era

In 1517, the village was included in the Ottoman empire with the rest of Palestine, and in the 1596 tax-records it appeared as ''Farha'', located in the ''Nahiya'' of Jabal Quba, part of Nablus Sanjak. The population was 17 households, all Muslim. They paid a fixed tax rate of 33,3% on agricultural products, such as wheat, barley, summer crops, olive trees, goats and beehives, in addition to occasional revenues and a fixed tax for people of Nablus area; a total of 2,800 akçe. Pottery sherds from the early Ottoman era has also been found here.

In 1838, ''Furkha'' was noted as village in the ''Jurat Merda'' area, south of Nablus.

In 1870, Victor Guérin on his travels noted Farkha as a "considerable" village, located on a mountain peak.

In 1882, the PEF's '' Survey of Western Palestine'' described ''Furkhah'' as: "An ancient village in a very strong position on a steep hill-top. The houses are of stone, and there are three sacred tombs, including ''Haram en Neby Shit'', on the south. The fountain of ''Ain Yambua'', in the valley, gives a supply of fine water, and there are two other springs east of the village. The place is evidently an ancient site. The hills around it are very steep and rocky."

British Mandate era

In the 1922 census of Palestine conducted by the British Mandate authorities, ''Farkha'' had a population of 210 Muslims,Barron, 1923, Table IX, Sub-district of Nablus, p
25
/ref> increasing in the 1931 census to 304 Muslims in 54 occupied houses.

Tawfiq Canaan mention the custom of ''Mafazeh'' at the top of the ascent of Farkah; “a traveller after climbing a high mountain raises a heap of stones, or throw a stone on an existing heap, saying at the same time prayer as a mark of thanks to God that he has overcome a difficulty."

In the 1945 statistics the population was 380 Muslims while the total land area was 5,675 dunams, according to an official land and population survey. Of this, 1,753 were allocated for plantations and irrigable land, 1,301 for cereals, while 14 dunams were classified as built-up areas.

Jordanian era

In the wake of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, and after the 1949 Armistice Agreements.

The Jordanian census of 1961 found 564 inhabitants.

Post-1967

Since the Six-Day War in 1967, Farkha has been under Israeli occupation.

After the 1995 accords, Israel and Israeli settlements got 80% of the water from the Western Aquifer, leading often to severe shortages of water in Farkha.

After 1995, 48% of village land is defined as Area A land, 21.6% is Area B, while the remaining 30.4% is defined as Area C land. As of 2013, the plans for the Segregation Wall would isolate the village from much of its land behind the wall.Farkha village profile
ARIJ, p. 17

References

Bibliography

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External links

*Survey of Western Palestine, Map 14
IAAWikimedia commons

Farkha village (fact sheet)
Applied Research Institute–Jerusalem (ARIJ)
Farkha village profile
ARIJ
Farkha aerial photo
ARIJ
Development Priorities and Needs in Farkha
ARIJ
{{Salfit Governorate

Towns in Salfit Governorate
Municipalities of the State of Palestine
Ancient Samaritan settlements